SAINT MARY’S UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF HEALTH AND NATURAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE Shifting Examination Molect 1 Biology and Diagnostic Clinical Internship 1 Name: Instruction: Multiple Choice; Write your answer on space provided. No Erasure and Alteration. Use Capital Letters 1. Itis for the most part an information A storage molecule. exe DNA B. RNA C. Bither of the two D. Neither of the two l 2. DNA iin a cireular form is often supercoiled. Negatively supercoiled DNA is in a more compact shape than relaxed DNA. and is partially unwound, facilitating interactions with enzymes such as polymerases. ‘A. The firs statement is True, second statement is False B. The first statement is False, second statement is True Ge Both statements are True D. Both statements are False C3. These are the enzymes work to maintain Nl supercoiling in DNA except. ‘A. Topoisomerases B. DNA gyrase G. Either the two D. Neither the two PR 4. The Following are characteristics of RNA except. 1. This single stranded Il, Ithas ribose IM Tehas thymine rather than uracil IV. Itis longer A Tell & M&IVv €. ML only D. IVonly 5. Itrelatively long strands that encode the information from a single gene (DNA). Dew B. rRNA C. tRNA D. NOTA 6. In Eukaryotic cells, the mRNA is stable for___hours. Aa B. 448 C. 5-24 D, 5-48 7. In prokaryotes, continuous synthesis of protein requires a continuous synthesis of mRNA. This helps the prokaryotic cell respond quickly to a fluctuating environment and Quctuating needs. A. The first statement is True, second ‘statement is False B. The first statement is False, second ‘statement is True Ge Both statements are True . Both statements are False 8. It is short RNA molecules responsible for translating nucleic acid language to protein language. In other words, the “adapter” molecule that converts nucleic acid ‘Sequence to protein sequence. ‘A. mRNA B. rRNA & tRNA D, NOTA {UB 24, 2nd Floor, Constant Jurgens9, The role of DNA is long-term information Bacteriophage M13 has a circular storage RNA can be looked upon as a chemical information storage medium. The first statement is True, second ‘statement is False B, The first statement is False, second statement is True C. Both statements are True D. Both statements are False 10. The Following are the steps in DNA replication except. A portion of the sinele-helixis “ unwound by @ helicase. B. DNA synthesis can only occur 5'to 3', amolecule of a second type of DNA polymerase C. Amolecule of a DNA polymerase binds to one strand of the DNA and begins moving along it inthe 3' to S* direction D. NOTA 11. A primase synthesizes a short strand of ANALabout 5 nucleotides), because RNA polymerase requires a primer am that are left after DNA polymerase I finishes. ‘A. The first statement is True, second statement is False The first statement is False, second = statement is True C. Both statements are True D. Both statements are False (C12. DNA polymerase I isthe primary ‘enzyme for DNA replication in E. coli. DNA. polymerase I removes the RNA primers from the Okazaki fragments, replacing them with DNA, ‘A. The first statement is True, second statement is False B. The first statement is False, second statement is True &. Both statements are True D. Both statements are False mnealed to the template strand. DNA ligase seals the breaks ‘ssDNA molecule in the capsid. When the phage attaches to an E. coli cell, this ‘molecule is injected into the cell where most of it is coated with single-strand binding protein (SSB). A. The first statement is True, second statement is False B. The first statement is False, second statement is True Le Both statements are True D. Both statements are False 14. The following are the agents that damage DNA except. ‘A. Certain wavelengths of radiation B. Highly-reactive oxygen radicals produced during normal cellular respiration as well as by other biochemical pathways. C, Both Aand B 2 NOTA 'S. Most accumulated mutations are neutral, that is they do not affect the A. Genotype B, Phenotype °C. Ligase D. NOTA 116. The following are exogenous agents except. A. Sun light B. Radiation C. Viruses Ds Bacteria by Consequences of DNA damage except. ‘A. DNA mutation triggers a number of responses B. Responses include repair, bypass, tolerance, apoptosis C. DNA mutations accumulate over generations Redundant nuclear DNA repair anionsIt is a rare inherited disease of humans hich, among other things, predisposes the Patient to pigmented lesions on areas of the skin exposed to the sun and an elevated incidence of skin cance. Dd v ‘A. Nucleotide Excision Repair -R. Xeroderma Pigmentosum C. Mismatch Repair (MMR) D. NOTA, 19. Translation of the messenger RNA. transcribed from this mutant gene will stop prematurely. B ‘A. Missense mutations B, Nonsense mutations . Silent mutations D. Splice-site mutations 20. The removal of intron sequences, as pre- mRNA is being processed to form mRNA, ‘must be done with great precision. ‘A. Missense mutations B. Nonsense mutations C. Silent mutations @ Splice-site mutations 21. These are the transfer ofa piece of one ‘chromosome to a non-homologous chromosome. ‘A. Duplications transcription ‘<= __...> translation-—-> protein --— >phenotype BB genotype (DNA) -~—-> transcription => translation-—-> phenotype ——- >protein . genotype (DNA) ———> translation ~ > transcription—> protein —- >phenotype D. genotype (DNA) ——-> ‘transcription —-> translation—> protein ——>genotype 43, RNA has ribose sugar instead of deoxyribose sugar. Most RNA jis single stranded, although tRNA will form a “cloverleaf” structure due to complementary base pairing. ‘A. The first statement is True, second. statement is False B. The first statement is False, second statement is True . Both statements are True D. Both statements are False G 44, New tRNAs bring their amino acids to the open binding site on the ribosome/mRNA complex, forming a peptide bond between the amino acids. The ‘complex then shifts along the mRNA to the next triplet, opening the A site. ‘A. The first statement is True, second statement is False B. The first statement is False, second statement is True Gx Both statements are True 'D. Both statements are False 45. The following are the functions of ribosomes except. Cc Cc F ‘A. The ribosome serves as the site of protein synthesis, B. The tRNAs, and amino acids are brought together C. The ribosome attaches to the mRNA at or near the Stend. D. In prokaryotes there is a ribosome binding site near the Stend ofthe mRNA B Snipa by Hsien, Drew by Brcalince 46. The remaining pieces from pre-RNA. (Expressed sequence of DNA) A. Codon B. Intron Gop Exon D. Promoter 47. An enzyme that synthesizes the formation of RNA from a DNA template during transcription A. DNA gyrase ‘Br RNA polymerase C. Ribosome D. NOTA 48. RNA is synthesized from the template ‘and RNA polymerase moves along the DNA. clongating the RNA transcript molecule; an ‘enzyme forms the hydrogen bonds between bases of the DNA strand and the complementary bases of the RNA molecule found in the nucleus ‘A. Initiation Bs Elongation C. Termination D. Translation 49. RNA polymerase reaches the terminator region and acts asa termination signal; then the enzyme triggers the release of the newly made RNA A. Initiation B. Elongation , Termination ‘B. Translation 50. RNA leaves the to go to the oA Nucleus, cytoplasm B. Nucleotide, cytoplasm . Cytoplasm, Nucleus D. Cytoplasm, Nucleotide 51. This occurs in the nucleus after DNA is transcribed and preliminary mRNA forms. This may involve differential processing of preliminary mRNA before it leaves the nucleus. ‘A. Transcriptional control ‘eB Posttranscriptional control C. Translational contro! D. Post-translational control ‘Wammeraiinnvisnmepeamances52, Iv isa sequence of DNA where RNA polymerase attaches when a gene is transcribed. A. Regulator gene B. Structural gene Ge Promoter D. Operator 53. The following ae usual features of eukaryotic genes except ‘A. Monocistronic cB Operons C. Ribosome scanning D. Often spiced ‘54. The following are purposes of doing tenet engineering except: ds Togshenas. genetic defect B. Toenhance an effect already natural to that organism . To increase resistance to disease D, To enable it to do something it would not normally do 55. These recognize a specific palindromic sequence of make a staggered cut, which generates sticky ends, or blunt cut, which ‘generate blunt ends. ‘A. Cloning vectors Restriction enzymes C. DNA ligases D. Allof the above. ‘Which of the following uses 56, Cleave nucleotide one at atime from the; DNA sequencing? end of annucleic acid te» Exonucleases B. Endonucleases. CC. RNAses D. Both aand b. 57, Itis 8 group of replicas ofall or part of a ‘macromolecule (such as DNA or an Antibody). I copies the entire genetic ‘complement of a nucleus or a cell, depending on which method is used. ‘A, Transforming B. Copying @ Cloning 58, Ibis an autonomous, an extra “hwomosomal cirevlar DNA molecule that ‘Soronomously replicates inside the bacterial call. A. Phage eB» Plasmid C. Cosmid D. Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes (BAC) 59, The following are included in the procedure ‘of cloning DNA except: A. Isolating DNA B. Cutting DNA C. Joining DNA ‘)A 91. Allof the following are requirements for reducing contamination in DNA amplification methods except: A. Use of aerosol barrier pipette tips when transferring samples or reaction products B. Preparation of reagents in a dead air box or biological cabinet ©. A separate area for performing preamplification, postamplification, and detection steps Pretreatment of samples with high- intensity ultraviolet light C & 92 In real-time PCR, what value ts needed in order to determine the threshold? addy Background signal 'B. Melting temperature © Maximum fluorescence D. Threshold cycle A 93, Which statement accurately describes the process of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)? A. Hybridization is performed on DNA extracted from cells ® Hybridization is performed directly on intact chromosomes Hybridization probes are attached to histones associated with the chromosomes 1D. Hybridization occurs by attachment to the probe only at the centromere 94, What gene must be amplified in PCR o diferenste methine Staphylococcus aureus from methicillin- resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus? ef ot B. mecA C. Vand Dz iles-2 95. Which oncogene is involved in the etiology of Burkitt's lymphoma? A. ABL ae Myc ©. Ras D_HER/new 96, Inheritance of BRCAT oF BRCA2 mutations increases the risk of breast and ‘ovarian cancer by which mechanism? A. Oncogene production B. Transcription signaling by the mutant protein eenDeficient tumor suppressor function D “Chimeric protein production 97. Polymorphisms of the cytochrome p430 ‘genes are important in identifying which condition? &- Poor drug metabolism B. Risk for primary biliary cirrhosis C. Progression of hepatitis C to hepatic cirthosis Parentage in cases where HLA results are inconclusive D. 98. HLA typing can be done by which molecular method? Ae PCR analysis using 96 well microtrays with allele or groups specific primers in each B. Restriction fragment length polymorphism testing Direct hybridization with WBCs on peripheral blood film Fluorescent in situ hybridization reactions with peripheral blood lymphocytes 19, Highest-resolution HLA typing 1s needed for which of the following transplants? A. Heart B. Liver C. Kidney D. Bone marrow = 100. A cell population is positive for surface markers CD45, CD3, CD4, and Tat, Which type of leukocytes are these? eA, Lymphocyes B. Granulocytes C. Monocytes D. Early myeloid precursors