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AUGUST 2011 ISSUE 1
PGDISEM @NITIE
FEATURES:
UNEP -INDIA- EARTH SUMMIT
IS INDIA READY FOR CLIMATE CHANGE
THE TALK WITH Sanjib Bezbaroa
( Head, Corporate Environment Health &
Safety at ITC Ltd.)
UNITED NATIONS CALENDAR
INITIATIVE
EARTH-SHASTRA
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CONTENTS
4 UNEP - INDIA - EARTH SUMMIT.
9 COVER STORY- IS INDIA READY
FOR CLIMATE CHANGE?
15 ENTER ISO - 50001- THE
INTERNATIONAL BENCHMARK
FOR ENERGY MANAGEMENT.
17 THE TALK @ ITC (INTERVIEW).
21 ECO- TECHNOLOGY.
22 SUMMERS- PGDISEM
THEORIES TO PRACTICE.
23 THE GREEN NEWS.
25 BOOK REVIEW.
26 ACHIEVEMENTS AND EVENTS.
27 GREEN BITS.
28 FROM THE BATCH.
31 GREEN - CHECK
32 MY ALUM(INTERVIEW).
33 UNITED NATIONS CALENDAR.
On the cover concept:- PGDISEM takes leaps into new
dimensions
Chief Editor and Designer: Jaspreet Singh Sidhana
PGDISEM-2011-13
Editors : Ankit Pande - PGDISEM2011-13
Devansh Goyal - PGDISEM2011-13
Kalyan Ravana - PGDISEM2011-13
Check www.NITIE.PGDISEM.COM for updates.
Special Thanks to faculty members, PGDISEM 2010-12
and PGDISEM-2011-13 and Hari Om - PGDISEM- 2011-13
for coming up with the name.
For Further information contact:-earthshastra.nitie@
gmail.com.
FROM THE EDITORS DESK
KNOWLEDGE We dened it by giving the world Rig
Veda, Atharva Veda, Sushruta Samhita and Sam Veda,
keeping up with the tradition we come up with another
shastra that will dene Sustainability and inuence
new methods in industry. A responsible future creat-
ing win-win situation for each individual, embrace
Earth Shastra!!!
In our cover story we talk about the current hot topics,
then theres Green News to educate people about the new
happenings, for industry insight we have Interview from
industry expert and from our Alum and many more things
to keep you abreast with the latest endeavors.
Necessity to publish the magazine was felt because
the fast pace at which this domain i.e. The environ-
ment is progressing and how slight students are aware.
So keeping in mind the current scenario, we the stu-
dents of PGDISEM NITIE decided to come up with
Earth Shastra -The sustainability magazine.
We hope and wish that you all will like the rst edition of
the quarterly magazine.
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This year marks a rst for the long standing
relationship between India and the United
Nations. For the rst time ever India hosted World
Environment Day (WED) themed Forests: Nature
at your Service .With a
population of 1.2 billion
people, a rapidly growing
economy and a diverse
cultural past, present
and future there is
enormous potential for
India to catalyze and to
champion sustainable development nationally and
internationally. This years WED theme
speaks to the intrinsic connection between
livelihoods and human well being and the health
of forests and forest ecosystems. India has shown
leadership ,by instituting a tree planting system
to combat land-degradation and desertication,
including windbreaks and shelterbelts to protect
agricultural land. The recently launched Mission
for Green India, as part of National Action Plan
on Climate Change, aims at qualitative as well as
quantitative improvement
in forest cover over 10 million hectares, with an esti-
mated outlay of about US$10 billion over the next 10
years. India has successfully introduced projects that
track the health of the nations plants, animals, water
and other natural resources including the Sunderbans
the largest deltaic mangrove forest in the world, and
home to one of Indias most iconic wildlife species: the
Tiger.
Meanwhile the country is increasingly at the forefront
of some of the green shoots of a Green Economy that
are emerging across the globe.
From its manufacturing of solar and wind turbines to its
Rural Employment Guarantee Act which underwrites
paid work for millions of households via investments
in areas ranging from water conservation to sustainable
land management, foundations are being laid in India
towards a fundamental and far reaching new develop-
ment path. UNEPs recent report A Transition to a
Green Economy: Pathways to Sustainable Development
and Poverty Eradication underlines that such a transi-
tion not only possible but relevant to developing nations
as it is to developed ones.
WED 2011 comes in advance of the UN Conference
on Sustainable Development 2012 or Rio+20. Its twin
themes are the Green Economy within the context of
sustainable development and poverty eradication and
an institutional framework for sustainable development.
Rio+20 comes against a backdrop of rapidly dimin-
ishing natural resources and accelerating environ-
mental change from the loss of coral reefs and
forests to the rising scarcity of productive land; from
the urgent need to feed and fuel economies and the
likely impacts of unchecked climate change. India
is among a range of nations spotlighting different
choices that represent an opportunity to full the
promise of the 1992 Rio Earth Summit in order to
deliver development that meets the needs of seven
billion people, rising to nine billion by 2050.
UNEP , IDA and The ARTH Sumit
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One that delivers growth, greater equity and employment
opportunities: one that keeps humanitys footprint within
planetary boundaries in order to ensure that Nature can
remain at our service for current and future generations.
KNOL : NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR CLIMATE
CHANGE
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh released Indias rst
National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) out-
lining existing and future policies and programs address-
ing climate mitigation and adaptation. The plan identies
eight core national missions running through 2017.
Emphasizing the overriding priority of maintaining high
economic growth rates to raise living standards, the plan
identies measures that promote our development objec-
tives while also yielding co-benets for addressing cli-
mate change effectively. It says these national measures
would be more successful with assistance from developed
countries, and pledges that Indias per capita greenhouse
gas emissions will at no point exceed that of developed
countries even as we pursue our development objectives.
National Missions
Naonal Solar Mission: The NAPCC aims to promote the
development and use of solar energy for power genera-
tion and other uses with the ultimate objective of making
solar competitive with fossil-based energy options. The
plan includes:
Specic goals for increasing use of solar thermal tech-
nologies in urban areas, industry, and commercial estab-
lishments;
A goal of increasing production of photovoltaics to 1000
MW/year; and
A goal of deploying at least 1000 MW of solar thermal
power generation.
Other objectives include the establishment of a solar
research center, increased international collaboration on
technology development, strengthening of domestic
manufacturing capacity, and increased government fund-
ing and international support
Naonal Mission for Enhanced Energy E ciency:
Current initiatives are expected to yield savings of
10,000 MW by 2012. Building on the Energy
Conservation Act 2001,the plan recommends:
Mandating specic energy consumption decreases in
large energy-consuming industries, with a system for
companies to trade energy-savings certicates;
Energy incentives, including reduced taxes on energy-
efcient appliances; and
Financing for public-private partnerships to reduce
energy consumption through demand-side management
programs in the municipal, buildings and agricultural
sectors.
Naonal Mission on Sustainable Habitat:
To promote energy efciency as a core component of
urban planning, the plan calls for:
Extending the existing Energy Conservation Building
Code;
A greater emphasis on urban waste management and
recycling, including power production from waste;
Strengthening the enforcement of automotive fuel
economy standards and using pricing measures to en-
courage the purchase of efcient vehicles; and
Incentives for the use of public transportation.
Naonal Water Mission:
With water scarcity projected to worsen as a result of
climate change, the plan sets a goal of a 20% improve-
ment in water use efciency through pricing and other
measures.
Naonal Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosys-
tem:
The plan aims to conserve biodiversity, forest cover, and
other ecological values in the Himalayan region, where
glaciers that are a major source of Indias water supply
are projected to recede as a result of global warming.
Naonal Mission for a Green India:
Goals include the afforestation of 6 million hectares of
degraded forest lands and expanding forest cover from 23%
to 33% of Indias territory.
UNEP , INDIA and The EARTH Summit
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Naonal Mission for Sustainable
Agriculture: The plan aims to
support climate adaptation
in agriculture through the
development of climate-resilient
crops, expansion of weather
insurance mechanisms, and
agricultural practices.
Naonal Mission on Strategic
Knowledge for Climate Change:
To gain a better understanding
of climate science, impacts and
challenges, the plan envisions a
new Climate Science Research
Fund, improved climate
modeling, and increased
international collaboration. It
also encourage private sector
initiatives to develop adaptation
and mitigation technologies
through venture capital funds.
Other Programs
The NAPCC also describes other
ongoing initiatives, including:
Power Generation: The
government is mandating the
retirement of inef cient
coal-fred power plants and
supporting the research and
development of IGCC
and supercritical technologies.
Renewable Energy: Under the
Electricity Act 2003 and the
National Tarif Policy
2006, the central and the
state electricity regulatory
commissions must
OUR WORLD IN NUMBERS
By 2020, the agricultural
products market
is expected to bring
in $210 billion
annually; payments
for water related
ecosystem services
$6 billion;
and voluntary
biodiversity Offsets $100
million a year
Between $2 to $4.5
trillion worth of natural
capital is lost from
deforestation every
year - a trend that poses
significant business and
social risks
Conserving forests
avoids greenhouse
gas emissions worth
$3.7 trillion
Eco-tourism is the
fastest-growing area of
the tourism industry with
an estimated increase of
global spending of 20%
annually
Investing $45 billion
In Bolivia, protected-area
tourism generates over
20,000 jobs,
indirectly supporting over
100,000 people
UNEP , INDIA and The EARTH Summit
Naonal Mission for Sustainable
Agriculture: The plan aims to
support climate adaptation
in agriculture through the
development of climate-resilient
crops, expansion of weather
insurance mechanisms, and
agricultural practices.
Naonal Mission on Strategic
Knowledge for Climate Change:
To gain a better understanding
of climate science, impacts and
challenges, the plan envisions a
new Climate Science Research
Fund, improved climate
modeling, and increased
international collaboration. It
also encourage private sector
initiatives to develop adaptation
and mitigation technologies
through venture capital funds.
Other Programs
The NAPCC also describes other
ongoing initiatives, including:
Power Generation: The
government is mandating the
retirement of inef cient
coal-fred power e pplants and
supp porting the res esearch an a d
develo l pm p ent of IIGC GCC
and su supe p rc rccritica alll te tech cc no noloogi gi giies es ee .
Rene ne eewa wabl bl b e En E er er rgy gy gy::: Un Unnde de derr th th thhe e e
El Electr ric iic i ityyy Ac Ac Ac A t tt 20 003 03 033 aaand nd ndd ttthe he he h
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OUR WORLD IN NUMBERS RR
By 2020, tthhee aaggrricuullttuural
pprroodduccttss mmaarrkkeett
is eexxpected to bring
in $210 billioonn
annually; paymeents
for water reellated
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anndd voluntary
biodiversittyy Offsets $100
million a year
Between $2 to $4.5
trillion worth of natural
capital is lost from
deforestation every
year - a trend that poses
significant business and
social risks
Conserving forests
avoids greenhouse
gas emissions worth
$3.7 trillion
Eco-ttoourism iss the
faassteesst-growinng area of
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purchase a
certain percentage of
grid-based power from
renewable sources.
Energy Ef ciency:
Under the Energy
Conservation Act 2001,
large energyconsuming
industries are required to
undertake energy
audits and an energy
labeling program for
appliances has bbee eenn
introduced.
EARTH SUMM MMIT(RIO+20)
In May 201 0122, Brazil will
play hos ost t to what many
expect ct tto o be the most
decisive e in inte tern r ational
conferencee oof f ou ourr ti t me me,
the Un nit ited ed NNat atio ions ns
Co Conf nfer ereence ce oonn Su Susstaina-
bl lee DDevelopment
(iinformally known as
Rio+20) in Rio de Janeiro.
Held every ten years, this
coonference aims to fur u t-
he er commit gov o ernm men e ts
too pursuuee suustai a nablee
de d ve velopm pm pmen ennt. Rio+200
wi w lll bui uild lddd oonnnn pr pr prrev evviouss
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7
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THE ECONOMIC
DIMENSION OF THE
SUSTAINABILITY
CHALLENGE LIES
IN ENHANCING
PROFITABILITY,
INCREASING
SHAREHOLDER VALUE
AND CREATING WEALTH
WHILST AGGRESSIVELY
PURSUING
OPPORTUNITIES FOR
GROWTH.
THE SOCIAL DIMENSION
OF THE SUSTAINABILITY
CHALLENGE IS IN
ACHIEVING HIGH
RATES OF ECONOMIC
GROWTH IN ORDER TO
ENABLE ALL SECTIONS
OF SOCIETY ENHANCE
THEIR QUALITY OF
LIFE AND LIVE WITH
DIGNITY.
AGGRESSIVELY
PURSUING
OPPORTUNITIES FOR
GROWTH.
THE SOCIAL DIMENSION
THE ENVIRONMENTAL
DIMENSION OF THE
SUSTAINABILITY
CHALLENGE LIES IN
PURSUING ECONOMIC
GROWTH WHILE
PRESERVING AND
ENHANCING OUR
NATURAL RESOURCES.
FOR INDUSTRY,
THIS CALLS FOR A
TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE
APPROACH THAT WILL
DRIVE CORPORATE
STRATEGY AND IMBUE
ITS EXECUTION
WITH A LARGER
SENSE OF PURPOSE,
ENCOMPASSING
ECONOMIC, SOCIAL
AND ENVIRONMENTAL
DIMENSIONS
SUSTAINABILITY IS
HERE TO STAY OR WE
MAY NOT BE
- NIALL FITZGERALDI
Rio+20 will mark the 20th anniversary of the 1992
Rio Earth Summit, which set the stage for serious
sustainable development actions by the international
community. It seeks to renew political commitment
to sustainable development, to assess progress
towards internationally agreed-upon sustainable
development goals; and to address new and emerging
challenges. The two themes of the conference
include the green economy and the development
of an institutional framework for sustainable
development.
KNOL :-SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT:
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IS DEVELOPMENT
THAT MEETS THE NEEDS OF THE PRESENT
WITHOUT COMPROMISING THE ABILITY OF
FUTURE GENERATIONS TO MEET THEIR OWN
NEEDS.
IT CONTAINS TWO KEY CONCEPTS:
1)THE CONCEPT OF NEEDS, IN PARTICULAR THE
ESSENTIAL NEEDS OF THE WORLDS POOR, TO
WHICH OVERRIDING PRIORITY SHOULD BE GIVEN.
2)THE IDEA OF LIMITATIONS IMPOSED BY
THE STATE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIAL
ORGANIZATION ON THE ENVIRONMENTS ABILITY
TO MEET PRESENT AND FUTURE NEEDS
UNEP , INDIA and The EARTH Summit
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UNEP , IDA and The ARTH Sumit
The Indian context: Indias rapid economic growth in last
several years has made us aware of two stark realities:
it has lifted millions out of poverty; and that this economic
growth has been accompanied by accelerated depletion of
natural Resources and rapid deterioration in environment
quality. Even after six decades
Of effort to support development and growth, the dimen-
sions of Poverty in india is staggering. India is ranked
127th in the human Development index. As such poverty
and destitution affects the well being of us
India is not endowed with sufcient natural capital in
comparison to the population it supports. Though India is
home to 18% of the worlds population, it only has 2.4%
of the planets landmass, 4% of the fresh water resources
and about a percent of the worlds forest. Indias ecosys-
tems are already highly degraded. Most Indian rivers have
water quality unt for direct human use. Air quality in In-
dian cities is degrading despite signicant improvements
in emissions from vehicles and industries. The country
however continues to remain on the threshold of a grave
ecological crisis.
The current paradigm of rapid economic growth along
with the need of conserving the natural and ecological
resources, challenges the very foundation of the manner in
which business is done today. It challenges the traditional
business management theory, which echoes Milton Fried-
mans famous statement that there is only one respon-
sibility of business: to use its resources and engage in
activities designed to increase its prots.
The fact that rapid economic growth is the only realis-
tic means to lift the poor out of extreme poverty and the
fact that most economic activities depend on product and
services provided by the ecosystems, necessitates the
ushering of a new business paradigm which enables rapid
economic growth without compromising the capacity of
the ecosystem to sustain, nurture and fuel economic devel-
opment and human well-being. For the business fraternity,
this calls for a sustainability approach of doing business,
wherein business success is measured not only in terms
of its nancial bottom line, but also in terms of its perfor-
mance in social and environmental areas. The integration
of triple bottom line in the mainstream business practices
is what is often referred as Corporate Sustainability
99
The term climate change is often
used interchangeably with global
warming. However, given the wide
range of impacts beyond temperature
variations, the former is generally the
preIerred in the scientifc community.
Since the beginning of the Industrial
Revolution, human activities have
caused an increase in several green-
house gases, most notably carbon di-
oxide, a trend most scientists believe
is causing anthropogenic greenhouse
warming. Over the past two centuries
the concentration of carbon dioxide in
our atmosphere has increased about
30 percent, from a pre-industrial level
of about 270 parts per million to a
current level of 384 parts per million.
Carbon dioxide concentrations in the
atmosphere are already higher today
than at any time in the past 150,000
years. And if the consumption of fos-
sil fuels such as coal and oil contin-
ues into the next century at projected
rates, the carbon dioxide concentra-
tions in the atmosphere would reach
the 600-700 parts per million range by
2100.
Other greenhouse gas emissions have
been rising as well. Methane concen-
trations in the atmosphere have dou-
bled since pre-industrial times. Other
greenhouse chemicals, such as chloro-
fuorocarbons, perfuorocarbons, and
hydrofuorocarbons, are synthetic and
have only appeared in the atmosphere
since the Industrial Revolution.