Presentation by:

Richard Young
Senior Engineer and Director of Education

Sustainability in Practice

Summer 2011

The Food Service Technology Center (FSTC) program is funded by California utility customers with public purpose program (PPP) funds and administered by the Pacific Gas and Electric Company under the auspices of the California Public Utilities Commission.

Our Goal Today:

Save Energy Make More
Be Greener

Promoting:

Energy Efficiency in Commercial Food Service

Who? Food Service Technology Center: Who? What? Why?

The Food Service Technology Center (FSTC) is an unbiased energy-efficiency research program funded by California utility customers.

Specializing in commercial food service. Promoting energy efficiency and performance Celebrating 24 years of hard work!

What?

What?

Appliance Testing Lab

On-site Energy Monitoring

What?

What?

Energy Surveys

Information Sharing

Why? Food Service is Energy Intensive!

7 times more

5 times more

Source: www.energy.ca.gov/2006publications/CEC-400-2006-005/CEC-400-2006-005.PDF

FSTC studies all the ways you use energy and water

Saving energy and water is a successful business strategy!

An example of the total energy breakdown (BTU) in a full service restaurant.

the place to start:

Lighting Scrutinize operations Find and Fix Energy Leaks

Lighting Efficient Lighting is a 75%-OFF Sale

Replace incandescent lamps in back of house and exterior fixtures with compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)

Install ENERGY STAR Qualified Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL)

14 Watt globe vs. 60 Watt A lamp

capital cost $4 energy cost $11* install cost $3** total = $18

capital cost $3 energy cost $48* install cost $20** total = $71

Savings = $53
*8,000 hours @ $0.10/kWh **15 min @ $10.00/hr

Right Idea - Wrong Application

Use CFL flood lamps for menu boards

Aluminum Reflector CFL PAR lamps

Control Outdoor Lighting

Turn off parking lot lights, soffit lights, menu boards, decorative lights, etc. whenever possible. Never leave lights on during the daytime!

www.westinghouselightbulbs.com/aluminumpar

Lighting control with an astronomic clock.

Linear Fluorescent Lamps

Replace T12 lamps with magnetic ballasts with T8 lamps with electronic ballasts: 30% less energy use better light quality delamping use fewer lamps

Seasonal adjustment without the photocell.

Exit signs
All EXIT signs must be 5 watts per sign.

Front of House Lighting Should Look Great!

Appropriate technologies include Light Emitting Diode (LED), Electroluminescent, or Photoluminescent.

Dont make this mistake. Spring lamps are not decorative!

Match the Lamp to the Fixture:

decorative CFLs are readily available

Decorative CFLs are a cost effective solution

Cold Cathode CFLs: Small, Dimmable, Long Life

Cold Cathode Torpedo and Flame Tip

LED Lamps are very promising!

Bottom line... CFLs are still the most cost effective solution for basic workhorse lighting

Good color rendering (80+ CRI) Dimming Long life/durability Efficiency (getting better every day) ...and they look cool!
www.eco-story.com

14W LED vs. 50W Halogen R38

Sanitation
capital cost $99 energy cost $70* install cost $3** total = $172 capital cost $112 energy cost $250* install cost $40** total = $402

Savings = $230
*50,000 hours @ $0.10/kWh **15 min @ $10.00/hr

Every Drop of Hot Water Cost You Three times:

The pre-rinse station in your dishroom is an energy hog...

Water

Sewer

Heating Energy

Install a low flow pre-rinse spray valve ( 1.6 gpm) at the dish station.

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Replace Hand Sink Aerators

Example: Annual Cost to Operate
$1,600 $1,200 $800 $400 $0 4.5 gpm 1.6 gpm 1.4 gpm 1.15 gpm 0.64 gpm

$1,200 a year savings

Fix those leaks!

Even a small drip adds up: 50,000 gallons/yr $350 for water $500 for water heating

One final tip:

1.00/therm gas & $5.00 per unit water/sewer

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Fix those sprinkler heads!

Water Heating

4 Hot Water Heater Must-Dos Insulate Hot Water Lines

insulate

allocate

Keep the hot water you paid to heat!

regulate

activate

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Insulate the water lines.

Saves about $4 to $5/year/foot*

Bare Hot Water Line

*based on horizontal 1.5 inch pipe, 70 F ambient, indoor installation, 80% efficiency

Allocate the recirc pump operation: use a timer to turn it off at night. Example savings: $300 a year*

Distribution System Cost Comparison

FSR with 80%TE tank is modeled with 220 feet of recirculation piping to investigate the operating costs of the recirc system

*includes $100 in electric pump energy savings

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Regulate the tank temperature by properly setting the thermostat. Example savings: $600 a year

Activate the automatic flue-damper control: turn it on! Example savings: $300 a year

Standard Efficiency Tank-Type

Flue Damper Water Outlet

Water Inlet Burner

www.fishnick.com/publications/waterheating

Gas Inlet

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High Efficiency (Condensing) Tank-Type

Blower Air Inlet Burner Water Outlet

Annual Water Heating Cost

Full-service @ 2500 gallons/day

Water Inlet
Exhaust

What is Refrigeration? It is removing heat from the air in a box

Refrigeration

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Keep the Heat out! A leaky refrigerator door wastes expensive electricity 24 hours a day - 7 days a week

Keep the Heat Out

Maintain refrigerator doors by:

Door Gaskets and Closers

Make sure that the refrigerator door totally seals off the opening to the refrigerated space.

1. replacing worn gaskets, 2. aligning doors, 3. enabling automatic door closers, and 4. replacing worn or damaged strip curtains.

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Typical Mistake

Auto-Closers For Coolers Or Freezers

The auto-closer should be able to firmly close a door that is within one inch of full closure.

Not Shut = Bad

Enable the Auto-Door Closer

Close the Ice Machine

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Good Idea!

Cooler Or Freezer Door Gaskets

Replace a worn gaskets on coolers and freezers. Make sure that replacement gaskets meet manufacturer's specifications!

...or use a gasket replacement company that will do the whole job for you!

Align doors so they shut all the way

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Mis-aligned doors = infiltration and ice on doors

Infiltration Leads to Ice Build-up

Install Strip Curtains on Walk-In Boxes

Insurance against propped-open doors

An efficient door?

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3 out of 4... almost there!

Keep it Calibrated
There are many ways to save energy in a refrigeration system, but properly setting the temperature is the cheapest and easiest.

Check and properly set defrost time clocks

Dont defrost more often than necessary Dont defrost during the peak energy-use periods Noon to 6pm

Keep the Heat Flowing

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Keep the Heat Flowing

Clean Coils
Maintain refrigerator coils:

1. Clean evaporator coils, 2. Clean condenser coils, 3. Remove obstructions, 4. Maintain the condensate drain lines

Dirty coils = increased energy + early failure

Maintain the evaporator condensate drain line

keep line clear (at both ends) make sure the line is not frozen repair or install heater wire

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Replace and insulate faulty condensate drain line heater wire.

make sure the line is not frozen

Replace Inefficient Motors

The fan motors inside a walk-in spin 24 hours a day. These motors are old school workhorses - reliable but not too efficient.

Commercial Kitchen Ventilation

Kitchen Ventilation is measured in CFM

CFM (cubic feet per minute) A cubic foot is about the size of a basketball.

Your hood eats a lot of basketballs!

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The Goal
Reduce the CFM but still capture and contain the smoke and heat.

Resource: On-line Design Guides

reduced fan energy consumption reduced fan kW (lower demand) reduced heating and AC energy consumption
potential gas and electric impact
February, 2007 Energy Auditing Techniques for Small Commercial Facilities 150

Optimize the Kitchen Exhaust Hood

Two Nuggets
How to keep the smoke and heat in the hood.

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Add Side Panels Push Appliances Back

Problem: The kitchen exhaust hood operates at 100%.

All day long. (And sometimes all night as well.)

Solution: Variable Speed Exhaust Fan Control Demand Ventilation

Temperature Sensor

Optical Sensor

Whether you are cooking or not!

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Demand Ventilation Control Technology Assessment

Demand Ventilation Savings:

Exhaust and Makeup-Air Fan Energy

Melink Intellihood Duct Temperature Sensor & Vapor Detection

Halton Duct Temperature Sensor & Infrared Sensors

Makeup-Air Heating and Cooling

Captive Aire Duct Temperature Sensor

Bonus: Quiet Kitchen!

Are your appliances riding the clock...?

Cooking

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Control Appliance On Time: 1. Start Up and Shut Down schedule

2. Use timed controls vs. manual 3. maintain appliances

Turn off plug loads when possible!

Pay careful attention to kitchen "plug loads". For instance, turn off holding cabinets, coffee machines, conveyor toasters, steam tables, plate and food warmers, and heat lamps when not needed. Example: 3 coffee warmers = 270 watts

Maintain Your Equipment If it looks wasteful... It is!

Cooking equipment is Energy Intensive!

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Purchase Your Equipment Wisely!

Find efficient appliances with ENERGY STAR

Californias Energy Wise program is an Easy Way to find even more efficient equipment!

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For example: How much money can you save with a high efficiency steamer?

The Steamer Challenge: The open-system design sends a lot of energy and water down the drain.

The Steamer Challenge: The closed-system steamer is much more energy and water efficient

Boiler Based Steamer (low efficiency) Average Water Usage = 40 gph

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8-Year Life-Cycle Cost Three-pan Steamer Example

How much can you save with a High Efficiency Gas Fryer?
Standard Efficiency vs. High Efficiency

$17,500!
$950
Based on 10/kWh and $5 a unit for water

Gas Fryer Efficiency

Life-Cycle Cost* vs. Purchase Cost

Purchase $18,000 $16,000 Present Value $14,000 $12,000 $10,000 $8,000 $6,000 $4,000 $2,000 $0 Maintenance Energy

$3,195!

*Based on $1.20/therm, 16-hr/day usage, 125 lb/day food cooked, a 8-year life expectancy and a 3.1% discount rate

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The more efficiency fryer had a higher initial cost but a lower cost to operate. total energy savings paid for the entire initial cost of the higher efficiency fryer.

After 20 years of site audits, the Food Service Technology Center has a long list of Green Recommendations!

Dilemma: How to share all this information with everybody?

FSTC Partners with the National Restaurant Association and Kendall College
http://www.restaurantsconserve.com

Education and Recognition Program

Online Resource:
Simple and Straightforward Guide for education and implementation of sustainability

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Energy = $$$ = CO2

The Greenest energy is the energy you never used!

www.restaurantsconserve.com

www.FISHNICK.COM

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