Part 8 - CONDITIONS AND RULES OF NAMAAZ ACCORDING TO SUNNAH (HANAFI)

Back to contents of Teachings of Islam (Talim-ul-Haq) Contents of Part 8 Conditions for Namaaz (Sharaait) Namaaz Chart Times for Namaaz Faraaidh (compulsory acts) in Namaaz Waajib (necessary acts) in Namaaz Sunnats in Namaaz Mustahabaat (preferable acts) in Namaaz Makruhat (disliked acts) of Namaaz Mufsidaat (breakers) of Namaaz When is it permissible to break one's Namaaz Salaat with Jamaat and Imamat Reasons when a person is excused from attending Jamaat in a Masjid The manner in which people should stand in Jamaat Who deserves to be an Imam Persons whose Imamat is not accepted What is a Masbooq Qazaa Salaat Niyyat of Qazaa Salaat The Musafir's (travellers) Namaaz

NAMAAZ is a special type of prayer that has been taught by ALLAH and the HOLY PROPHET MUHAMMAD . EIGHT conditions are to be observed before one performs Namaaz. Without them Namaaz cannot be performed. These EIGHT conditions are called SHARAAIT.

CONDITIONS FOR NAMAAZ (SHARAAIT)

EIGHT CONDITIONS THAT MUST BE OBSERVED BEFORE ONE PERFORMS NAMAAZ. 1. To make Wudhu if necessary. 2. To make Ghusl if necessary. 3. Taharah (cleanliness) of body and dress. 4. Taharah (cleanliness) of place. 5. Facing towards the QIBLAH. 6. Covering of the Satr (private parts). 7. Niyyah (intention) for Namaaz. 8. Performing Salaat at the prescribed times. If any one of these conditions is omitted, Salaat will not be accepted. N.B. A MALE'S satr is from the NAVEL to the KNEE (including knee.)

A FEMALE'S satr is her ENTIRE BODY except her FACE and HANDS to the WRIST. TAHARAH (cleanliness) means one be free from all NAJAASAT (Filth and Impurities). There are TWO types of NAJAASAT. One, HAQEEQI, the other HUKMI. NAJAASATE HAQEEQI is that NAJAASAT that CAN BE SEEN (External blood) e.g. stool and wine. NAJAASATE HUKMI is that Najaasat (impurity and filth) which cannot be seen, e.g. (a) HADATH (b) JANABAH. HADATH: to be without WUDHU. JANABAH: state of a person on whom GHUSL or bath has become COMPULSORY. It is necessary that one's body should be free from both types of NAJAASAT before perform Namaaz. One should face towards the KA'BAH when performing Namaaz. We are ordered to face KA'BAH SHARIF because the KA'BA is the House of Allah, which is in the city of MECCA. One must always keep one's chest towards the KA'BA while performing Namaaz. The direction of the HOLY KA'BAH SHARIF is called the QIBLAH. Namaaz is COMPULSORY FIVE TIMES daily. No Nafl Salaat is to be performed after the Farz of Fajr up to about 10-15 minutes after sunrise. No Salaat is to be performed at Zawaal (when the sun has reached the highest point). No Nafl Salaat is to be performed between Asr and Maghrib except the Qaza and Janaaza. Return to Contents of this page

NAMAAZ CHART

Names of five daily Namaz Fajr Zohar Asr Maghrib Esha

No. of Rakats 4 12 8 7 17

Sunnat 2 Ghair Muakkada 4 Muakkada 4 Ghair Muakkada 4

Farz Sunnat 2 4 4 3 4 2 2 2

Nafl

Witr Waajib

Nafl

2 2 3 2

Ghair Muakkada Jumuah 14 Rakats Eid - 2 Rakats Janaazah Namaaz 4 2 4 2 2 (Optional) There is no Zohar Salaat after Friday (Jumuah) Salaat. 2 Rakaats Wajib with six extra TAKBEERS.

No Azaan or Iqaamat for Eidul-Fitr or Eidul-Adha Salaat. No Nafl Salaat before and after Eid Salaat. 4 Takbirs only TARAWIH 20 RAKAATS

No Azaan, Iqaamat or Rakaats

Taraawih namaaz is Sunnat-e-Muakkada for MEN and WOMEN during the month of RAMADAAN only. The twenty Rakaats of Taraawih Namaaz are performed after the FARZ and SUNNAT of ESHA Namaaz. The 20 Rakaats with 10 salaams are masnoon i.e. one should make niyyat for two rakaats of Taraawih each time and WITR namaaz thereafter. Return to Contents of this page

TIMES OF NAMAAZ VARY ACCORDING TO SEASON

FAJR Q. When does the time for Fajr begin and when does it end? A. From SUBHA SADIQ (early dawn) up to a little before SUNRISE. ZOHAR Q. When does the time for Zohar begin and when does it end? A. From after ZAWAAL (past noon) up to the time that the shadow of any object becomes twice the length of the object plus the original shadow that was there at MID-DAY (ZAWAAL). ASR Q. When does the time for Asr begin and when does it end? A. It begins when Zohar time finishes and ends at a little before SUNSET. To delay the Asr Namaaz until the colour of the sun has turned PALE (yellow) is MAKRUH. MAGHRIB Q. What is the time for Maghrib Namaaz? A. From SUNSET up to the time the REDNESS fades on the horizon. ESHA Q. When does Esha begin? A. Esha time begins after the REDNESS on the horizon disappears (about an hour and hour after sunset) and lasts up to a little before SUBHA SADIQ (dawn). It is MUSTAHAB to read Esha Namaaz before one third of the night has passed and it is MAKRUH to delay Esha Namaaz until after MIDNIGHT. FARZ (Compulsory) IN NAMAAZ There are six Farz in namaaz. 1. TAKBEERE TAHRIMA. 2. QIYAAM (standing position). 3. QIRAAT (reciting of at least three aayats or one long aayat of the Quraan. 4. RUKU (to bow down).

5. Both the SAJDAHS (prostrate). 6. QAADAH AKHEERAH (to sit so long at the end of the last Rakaat that one can read the TASHAHHUD). Return to Contents of this page

WAAJIB (Necessary) IN NAMAAZ

Q. What does WAAJIBBATE NAMAAZ mean? A. WAAJIBAAT are those items that are necessary to complete the Namaaz. If one misses any one of them unknowingly, this mistake can be compensated by performing SAJDA SAHW (sajda done for mistakes made unknowingly). If one does not perform SAJDA SAHW or if one misses a WAAJIB knowingly, it is necessary to perform that Namaaz all over again. There are fourteen WAAJIBAAT in Namaaz 1. Fixing the first Rakaats of the Farz Namaaz for QIRAAT. 2. It is Waajib to recite Surah Faatiha in all the Rakaat of every Namaaz. However, in the third and fourth Rakaat of any Farz Namaaz, it is Sunnat and not Waajib. 3. To recite a Surah or a lengthy Aayat or three small Aayats after SURAH FAATIHA in the first two Rakaats of FARZ Namaaz and in all the Rakaats of WAAJIB, SUNNAT and NAFL Namaaz. 4. To read SURA FATIHA before any other Surah or Aayat 5. To maintain order between QIRAAT, RUKU, SAJDA and RAKAAT. 6. QAUMA (Standing up erect after RUKU). 7. JALSA (Sitting between the two SAJDAS). 8. TA'DEELE ARKAAN, i.e. performing RUKU, SAJDA, etc with contentment and in a good way. 9. QAADAH-OOLAA or sitting to the extent of saying TASHAHHUD after two Rakaats in Namaaz of three or four Rakaats. 10. To read TASHAHHUD in the two QAI'DAAS. 11. To recite QIRAAT aloud in Fajr, Maghrib, Esha, Jumuah, Eidain and Taraweeh Salaat in Ramadaan by the Imam. The Imam should recite Zohar and Asr Namaaz silently. 12. To end the Namaaz by saying 'SALAAM' 13. To say TAKBEER (Allahu-Akbar) for QUNOOT in Witr Namaaz and also recite DUA-E-QUNOOT. 14. To say six additional TAKBEERS in both Eid Namaaz.

Sunnats in Namaaz
Q. What is meant by SUNNAT in NAMAAZ? A. Things which have been proven to be done in Namaaz by the Holy Prophet but not so much stress has been laid upon them as is laid upon things FARZ and WAAJIB are known as SUNNAT. If any of these are missed unknowingly, neither does it invalidate the Namaaz nor does Sajda Sahw become necessary. If these are left knowingly, the Namaaz is valid and there is no need for Sajda Sahw. However, such a person is condemned. There are 21 Sunnats in Namaaz 1. To raise the hands upto the EARS before saying TAKBEERE TAHREEMA. 2. While raising the hands for Takbeer, keep the fingers of both the hands RAISED and facing the QIBLAH. 3. Not to BEND the HEAD when saying Takbeer. 4. Saying Takbeere Tahreema and other Takbeers ALOUD by the IMAAM according to the NEED, while

going from one RUKN (posture) to the other. 5. To fold the RIGHT hand around the LEFT below the NAVEL. 6. Saying SANAA. 7. To recite TA'AWWUZ. 8. To recite the complete BISMILLAH. 9. To recite only SURAH FATIHA in the THIRD and FOURTH Rakaats of FARDH Namaaz. 10. To say AAMEEN (softly). 11. To recite Sanaa , Ta'awwuz and Aameen SOFTLY. 12. To recite as much QIRAAT as is SUNNAT for every Namaaz. 13. To say TASBIH at least in RUKU and SAJDAH. 14. To keep the BACK and the HEAD in SAME LEVEL while holding the KNEES FINGERS of both the hands in RUKU. 15. Saying by Imaam SAMIALLAHU LIMAN HAMIDAH in Qawmah followed by RABBANA LAKAL HAMD by Muqtadi. The MUNFARID should say both TASMI and TAHMEED. 16. While going into SAJDAH, FIRST place the KNEES, then the HANDS and, lastly the FOREHEAD on the GROUND. 17. In QA'IDAH or JALSA, placing the LEFT FOOT on the ground HORIZONTALLY and sitting upon it and RAISING the RIGHT FOOT VERTICALLY so that the TOES are facing the QIBLAH and resting both the HANDS on the THIGHS. 18. To RAISE the INDEX FINGER of the RIGHT HAND as one says "ASH HADU ALLA ILAHA" in TASHAHHUD. 19. To recite DUROOD SHARIF in QA'IDAH AKHEERA after TASHAHHUD. 20. To read DUA after DUROOD SHARIF. 21. To turn the FACE for SALAAM .towards the RIGHT FIRST and then to the LEFT. Return to Contents of this page

Mustahabbat-e-Namaaz
There are 5 Mustahabs (preferable) in Namaaz 1. To pull the PALMS out of the SLEEVE while saying TAKBEERE TAHREEMA. 2. Saying TASBIH more than THREE times in RUKU and SAJDAH by MUNFARID. 3. To keep the EYES towards the place of SAJDAH in QIYAAM at the TOES in RUKU towards the LAP in QA'IDAH and JALSA, and at the SHOULDERS while turning for SALAAM. 4. To try best NOT to COUGH. 5. To try and keep the MOUTH CLOSED when YAWNING, but if it is OPENED, to COVER it by the UPPER portion of the RIGHT HAND in QIYAAM and by the LEFT HAND in all other postures.

Makruhaat-e-Namaaz (acts disliked in Namaaz)

(Doing of a MAKRUH act in Namaaz causes the full blessing of the Namaaz to be lost although the Namaaz will not have to be repeated.) Some MAKROOH ACTS in NAMAAZ are: 1. Saying NAMAAZ BARE-HEADED due to LAZINESS or CARELESSNESS and to EXPOSE the ARMS ABOVE the ELBOWS. 2. PLAYING with CLOTHES or the BODY. 3. Performing Namaaz in CLOTHES in which people do NOT ORDINARILY LIKE to go OUT. 4. To dust the floor with one's hands to prevent the soiling of clothes. 5. Performing Namaaz when one has the URGE to URINATE or PASS STOOL. 6. To CRACK one's FINGERS or PUTTING of FINGERS of one hand into FINGERS of the other HAND.

7. TURNING the FACE away from QIBLA and LOOKING AROUND. 8. It is MAKROOH for MEN to REST BOTH the ARMS and WRISTS on the GROUND in SAJDAH. 9. Performing Namaaz when another person FACING him sits AHEAD. 10. YAWNING INTENTIONALLY and NOT PREVENTING it if one CAN do so. 11. CLOSING the EYES, but if it is done to CONCENTRATE in Namaaz, it is ALLOWED. 12. It is Makrooh for a Baalig (mature) person to stand alone behind a Saff (row) when there is place in the Saff before him. 13. Performing Namaaz in CLOTHES with PICTURES of LIVING OBJECTS on them. 14. Performing Namaaz at a place where there is a PICTURE of a LIVING (animate) object ABOVE or on the RIGHT or LEFT side of the NAMAAZI or on the place where he makes SAJDAH. 15. To COUNT Aayats, Suras or Tasbihs on FINGERS in Namaaz. 16. Performing Namaaz with a SHEET or CLOTHES WRAPPED on the BODY in such a way that it makes it DIFFICULT to FREE the HANDS QUICKLY. 17. To YAWN and STRETCH ARMS to REMOVE LAZINESS. 18. Doing something AGAINST SUNNAT in Namaaz. Return to Contents of this page

Mufsidaat-e-Namaaz (breakers in Namaaz)

(Mufsidaat-e-Namaaz are factors which nullify the prayers (Namaaz) and make it necessary to be repeated.) The following are some of the MUFSIDAAT: 1. To TALK in Namaaz KNOWINGLY or UNKNOWINGLY, a FEW WORDS or MANY will NULLIFY the Namaaz. 2. To GREET a person by Assalamu Alaikum, or by any other method while performing Namaaz. 3. To REPLY to GREETINGS or saying Yarhamukallah to one who SNEEZES and saying Ameen to a DUA NOT CONNECTED to his Namaaz. 4. To say inna Lil Lahi Wa Inna Ilaihi Raajioon on some SAD NEWS or Alhamdulillah or Subhanallah on hearing some GOOD or STRANGE NEWS. 5. To make NOISE or say "OH!" or "AAH!" due to PAIN etc. 6. Correcting the Qiraat of a person other than his own Imaam. 7. To RECITE the QURAAN by LOOKING at the TEXT. 8. To do such an act which gives the IMPRESSION to ONLOOKERS that he is doing something else rather than PERFORMING Namaaz. This, is called AMALE KATHEER. 9. EATING or DRINKING KNOWINGLY or UNKNOWINGLY. 10. To TURN the CHEST away from the QIBLA without an EXCUSE. 11. Doing SAJDA at a NAJIS place. 12. DELAY in COVERING the SATR (private parts) when uncovered to the extent of performing ONE RUKN in Namaaz. 13. UTTERANCES in PAIN or TROUBLE. 14. An ADULT'S LAUGHING ALOUD. 15. To STEP AHEAD of the Imaam DURING the Namaaz. 16. Making some GREAT ERROR in the QIRAAT of the HOLY QURAAN.

IT IS PERMISSIBLE TO BREAK ONE'S NAMAAZ IN THE FOLLOWING CASES:

1. When there is an URGE to PASS URINE or STOOL. 2. When a SNAKE, SCORPION or some other HARMFUL CREATURE or ANIMAL makes it's APPEARANCE. 3. When one FEARS that a TRAIN on which one is to TRAVEL would DEPART and thus cause GREAT

INCONVENIENCE. 4. When one FEARS that a THIEF would away with his SHOES or any c PROPERTY. It is WAJIB to BREAK one's NAMAAZ in order to ANSWER a PARENT or a GRANDPARENT who has CALLED out in DISTRESS. Nevertheless, it is NOT NECESSARY when someone is AROUND to ASSIST. It is FARZ to BREAK one's Namaaz when it FEARED that a BLIND PERSON would FALL in a PIT or a WELL if he is NOT STOPPED. It is FARZ to BREAK one's Namaaz when some person, has caught on FIRE and requires ASSISTANCE.

SALAAT WITH JAMAAT AND IMAMAT

JAMAAT is the PERFORMING of SALAAT by MANY persons COLLECTIVELY, in which the IMAAM (leader) conducts the SALAAT and those following him are called MUQTADIS. To perform the FIVE DAILY SALAAT with JAMAAT is WAAJIB and to NEGLECT the JAMAAT is very SINFUL. Performing SALAAT with JAMAAT has MANY BENEFITS e.g.: 1. The THAWAAB (reward) of performing Salaat with JAMAAT in the MASJID is TWENTY SEVEN times GREATER than performing SALAAT ALONE. 2. Muslims MEET FIVE times a day and this creates LOVE and UNITY. 3. The Salaat of the sinful become more acceptable by joining and performing Salaat with other pious persons, etc. NB. It is NOT WAJIB upon WOMEN CHILDREN, SICK PERSONS, those NURSING the SICK, VERY OLD persons and the BLIND to ATTEND the JAMAAT. Return to Contents of this page

REASONS WHEN A PERSON IS EXCUSED FROM ATTENDING THE JAMA'AT IN A MASJID:

1. HEAVY RAINS. 2. DIRTY and MUDDY ROADS. 3. Very COLD WEATHER. 4. STORMY NIGHT. 5. When a person is a MUSAFIR and the time for DEPARTURE of TRAIN, PLANE or SHIP is NEAR. 6. When one is in NEED to visit the toilet. 7. When one is very HUNGRY and FOOD is being SERVED. A JAMAAT consists of AT LEAST TWO persons: the IMAM and the MUQTADI. The MUQTADI should STAND at the RIGHT of the Imaam in such a manner that the TOES of the Muqtadi should be PARALLEL to the ANKLE of the IMAAM If there are TWO or MORE Muqtadis the Imaam should STAND AHEAD and the Muqtadis BEHIND.

THE MANNER IN WHICH PEOPLE SHOULD STAND IN JAMAAT

The Muqtadis should STAND CLOSE to each other and in a STRAIGHT ROW. NO SPACE should be LEFT in between, CHILDREN should STAND in the BACK ROW. It is MAKRUH to INCLUDE CHILDREN in the MEN'S ROW.

If the Imaam's Salaat becomes FAASID (void) then the Muqtadis Salaat will ALSO become FAASID. It will be NECESSARY for the Muktadis to REPEAT the Salaat.

WHO DESERVES TO BE AN IMAM

1. That person who knows the MASAA'IL (rules) of Salaat WELL provided he is NOT a FAASIQ (an open sinner.) 2. Then a person who can RECITE the HOLY QURAAN WELL. 3. Thereafter a person who is PIOUS. 4. Then the OLDEST person. 5. Then the GOOD-MANNERED and KIND. However, if there is a FIXED Imam in Masjid, then he will still DESERVE the HONOUR to be the Imam. It is MAKRUH to make a FAASIQ, an IGNORANT person or one who indulges in BID'AT or one who is NOT very CAREFUL in OBSERVING the RULES of SHARI'AT, an IMAAM.

PERSON WHOSE IMAAMAT IS NOT ACCEPTED

SALAAT of any person will not be ACCEPTED if the IMAAM is: 1. Insane (mad) 2. Drunk. 3. Kaafir (disbeliever). 4. Mushrik. 5. lf the IMAAM is not BAALIGH (mature) then the Salaat of the BAALIGH will NOT be accepted. 6. lf the IMAAM is a WOMAN, Salaat of MALES will NOT be accepted. Return to Contents of this page

MASBOOQ
A person who has joined the Imam whilst the Imam is in RUKU, will be regarded as one who has performed the complete Rak'at. Once the Imam has completed the Ruku and a person then joins the Imam, he has missed a Rak'at. Such a person is known as a MASBOOQ. A person who has missed any Rak'at and then joined the Jama'at, he should continue the Salaat with the Imam to the end. Once the Imam turns to say the SECOND SALAAM, the Musbooq should stand up and complete the missed number of RAK'AATS. If the Musbooq has missed only ONE Rak'at he should stand up, read the TASMIYAH, SURAH FAATIHA and thereafter complete the Salaat. If the Musbooq has missed TWO Rak'aats in FAJR, ZOHAR, ASR or ESHA, he should complete both the Rak'aats by reciting Surah Fatiha and another Surah in both the Rak'aats. If a person has missed TWO Rak'aats in Maghrib Salaat, then after completing the first Rak'at make QAIDAH read TASHAHHUD and then stand up for the SECOND Rak'at. After reciting Surah Faatiha and another Surah, complete the Salaat. If THREE Rak'aats were missed in ZOHAR, ASR or ESHA, the Musbooq should stand up and read Surah Faatiha and a Surah in the FIRST Rak'at, thereafter make Ruku and Sajdah but BEFORE standing up for the SECOND Rak'at, make QAIDAH (sit down), read Tashahhud and then stand up for the SECOND Rak'at.

In the second Rak'at recite Surah Faatiha and another Surah, complete the second Rak'at and WITHOUT sitting for Tashahhud, stand up for the THIRD Rak'at. In the third Rak'at read ONLY Surah Faatiha and complete the Namaaz. If a person has missed all the Rak'aats of any Namaaz, then he should REPEAT the whole Namaaz after the Imam has said the Salaam except that he should NOT raise his hands to say ALLAHU AKBAR (Takbir) in the FIRST Rak'at. N.B. For a person who joins the Jama'at when the Imam is in RUKU, it is FARZ to stand and recite TAKBEERE TAHREEMA and thereafter to stand at least for the duration long enough in which SUBHANALLAH could be recited once and then go into Ruku. Reciting Takbeer and going into Ruku without PAUSE is not permissible. The Namaaz performed in such a way will not be VALID and should be REPEATED. One should NOT join the Jama'at as soon as the Imam recites the FIRST SALAAM to complete the Namaaz. N.B. A PERSON SHOULD NOT RUN IN THE MASJID TO JOIN THE JAMAAT IF HE IS AFRAID OF MISSING ANY RAKA'AT. IT IS NOT PROPER TO RUN IN THE MASJID Return to Contents of this page

THE QAZAA SALAAT

Any Salaat performed in it's TIME is called ADAA. FARZ and WAAJIB Salaat performed AFTER it's time has EXPIRED will be called QAZAA. E.G. If ASR Salaat is performed at MAGHRIB time, it will be QAZAA. To DELAY any FARZ, WAJIB or SUNNATE MUAKKADAH Salaat INTENTIONALLY and cause them to become QAZAA is very SINFUL. It is COMPULSORY upon every MUSLIM to perform the missed number of Farz and Waajib Salaat since the time one has become baaligh (reached the age of PUBERTY). If a person has missed less than SIX Salaat and no other Salaat besides these are QAZAA, then BEFORE beginning the performance of the SIXTH Salaat in it's time, QAZAA of the missed number of Salaat will have to be performed in ORDER, e.g. If a person has missed the Fajr, Zohar and Asr Salaat and no other Salaat besides these are Qazaa and the time of Maghrib has begun, in this case FIRST the Fajr, Zohar and Asr must be performed in order and thereafter the Maghrib Salaat should be performed. If there is FEAR that by performing the Qazaa Salaat, the time for the Adaa Salaat will EXPIRE, then the ADA Salaat must be performed FIRST. For a person who has missed more than FIVE Salaat, it is NOT necessary upon him to perform the Qazaa Salaat in ORDER. He may perform the ADAA Salaah first and then the QAZAA Salaat.

THE NIYYAT OF QAZAA NAMAAZ

When making the NIYYAT for QAZAA, It is necessary to make Niyyah for the particular Namaaz missed. If one has missed a number of Salaat, then one should make Niyyat (intention) thus: "I am performing such and such day's Fajr or Zohar." If a person has missed MORE than ONE Fajr or Zohar, it will NOT be sufficient to say: "I am performing Qazaa for Fajr or Zohar." One should say: "I am performing such and such day's Fajr." If one has missed so many Farz Salaat that one does NOT remember the exact number of days when the Salaat was missed, then the Niyyat should be made as follows: "Oh Allah! I am performing the FIRST or the FIRST Zohar Farz from those which I have missed." Continue doing this until satisfied that all the missed number of Salaat are performed. Return to Contents of this page

THE MUSAAFIR'S (Traveller's) NAMAAZ

In SHARI'AT a person who intends to TRAVEL a distance of 77 kms (48 miles) or more, is called a MUSAAFIR. A person who travels 77 kms or more and intends to REMAIN at one's destination for LESS than 15 days, is also a MUSAAFIR. A Musaafir who intends remaining at his destination for 15 days or more will only be a Musaafir during his journey. Once he reaches his destination, he will not be a Musaafir. A Musaafir should make QASR of the ZOHAR, ASR and ESHA (FARZ only), i.e. one must perform TWO Farz only instead of FOUR rak'aats. There is no Qasr in the Farz of Fajr and Maghrib. Similarly there is no Qasr of Witr, Sunnat or Nafl Salaat. A Musaafir who performs his Namaaz behind a MUQEEM IMAAM (who is not a musaafir) should perform the full four rakaats in the Zohar ,Asr and Esha Farz. If the IMAAM is a musaafir and muktadi a muqeem, the Musaafir Imaam should complete his Namaaz after two rakaats and there after he must ask the muqeem muktadis to complete their Namaaz by saying: "Complete your Namaaz, I am a Musaafir" The muqeem muktadis should then stand up and complete the remaining two rakaats without reciting Surah Faatiha or any other. Return to Contents of this page Back to contents of Teachings of Islam (Talim-ul-Haq) Home

SAJDAH-E-SAHW

1. If any one or several of the wajib acts of salaah is left out forgetfully, it becomes wajib to make sajdah-e-sahw. By making sajdah-e-sahw, the salaah becomes proper. If one does not make sajdah-e-sahw, the salaah will have to be repeated. 2. If one forgetfully leaves out a fard act of salaah, the salaah will not become proper by making sajdah-e-sahw. It will have to be repeated. 3. The method of making sajdah-e-sahw is that in the last rakaat the person should recite the attahiyyaat only and thereafter make salaam towards the right only and thereafter make two sajdahs. He should then repeat the at-tahiyyaat and thereafter recite the durood, dua, make salaam to both sides and thereby complete his salaah. 4. If a person forgetfully makes sajdah-e-sahw before making salaam, even then it will be considered and the salaah will be proper. 5. If a person forgetfully makes two rukus or three sajdahs, it is wajib to make sajdah-e-sahw. 6. While in salaah, a person forgot to recite Surah Faatihah and only recited another Surah, or he first recited a Surah and then recited Surah Faatihah - sajdah-e-sahw will become wajib. 7. A person forgets to recite another Surah (after Surah Faatihah) in the first two rakaats of a fard salaah. He should therefore recite another Surah in the second two rakaats and also make sajdah-e-sahw. If he forgets to recite another Surah in one of the first two rakaats, he should recite it in one of the latter two rakaats and also make sajdah-e-sahw. If he forgets to recite another Surah in the latter two rakaats as well, i.e. he forgets to recite another Surah in the first two as well as in the latter two rakaats, and only remembers at the time of reciting the attahiyyaat that he did not recite another Surah in one or two rakaats, the salaah will still become proper if he makes sajdah-e-sahw. 8. To recite another Surah (after Surah Faatihah) in all the rakaats of sunnah and nafl salaah is wajib. If a person forgets to recite another Surah in any of the rakaats, he will have to make sajdah-e-sahw. 9. After reciting Surah Faatihah, a person began thinking as to which Surah he should recite. His thinking took so long that in that time Sub'haanallah could be recited three times. Even then sajdah-e-sahw will become wajib. 10. In the last rakaat, after reciting at-tahiyyaat and durood shareef, a person had a doubt as to whether he offered three or four rakaats. While thinking about this, he kept silent and took so long to make the salaam that in that time he could have recited Sub'haanallah three times, and after that he remembered that he offered all four rakaats - even in this case it will be wajib to make sajdah-e-sahw. 11. A person recited Surah Faatihah and another Surah, but thereafter he unintentionally began thinking of something. He took so long to go into ruku that in that time he could have recited Sub'haanallah three times. Even then, sajdah-e-sahw will become wajib. 12. Similarly, sajdah-e-sahw will become wajib in the following instances: while he was busy with his recitation he stopped and began thinking of something, he sat in the second or fourth rakaat

for at-tahiyyaat and did not commence reciting it immediately. Instead, he sat and started thinking of something, when he stood up from the ruku, he stood silently and started thinking of something, when he sat down in-between the two sajdahs, he started thinking of something. In order words, if a person unintentionally delays in executing a particular posture or gets delayed due to thinking of something, then sajdah-e-sahw becomes wajib. 13. In a three or four rakaat fard salaah (irrespective of whether it is a salaah that he is offering for that time, making qada of a salaah which he missed, or it is a witr salaah or the first four rakaats of sunnah of zuhr salaah) when the person sat for the at-tahiyyaat in the second rakaat, he unintentionally recited at-tahiyyaat two times. Even then sajdah-e-sahw will become wajib. And after the at-tahiyyaat if he recited the following from the durood: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! or if he recited more than that and only thereafter he remembered that he was supposed to stand up for the third rakaat, even then sajdah-e-sahw will become wajib. But if he recited less than this, sajdah-e-sahw will not become wajib. 14. With regards to nafl salaah (or even a salaah which is offered after the fulfilment of a particular wish) it is permissible to recite the durood after the at-tahiyyaat when sitting for the second rakaat. By reciting the durood in a nafl salaah, sajdah-e-sahw does not become wajib. However, if at-tahiyyaat is recited twice, sajdah-e-sahw will become wajib even in a nafl salaah. 15. A person sat down for at-tahiyyaat but mistakenly recited something else, or he recited Surah Faatihah. Sajdah-e-sahw will become wajib. 16. Upon commencing with his salaah, a person recited dua-e-qunoot instead of reciting the thanaa'. Sajdah-e-sahw will not become wajib. Similarly, if he recited at-tahiyyaat or something else instead of Surah Faatihah in the third or fourt rakaat of a fard salaah, sajdah-e-sahw will not be wajib. 17. In a three or four rakaat salaah, a person forgot to sit down after the second rakaat. Instead, he stood up directly for the third rakaat. While standing up, if he is closer to the sitting posture, he should sit down and recite the at-tahiyyaat and thereafter complete his salaah and there is no need to make sajdah-e-sahw. But if he is closer to the standing posture, he should not sit down. Instead, he should continue with his salaah without sitting down. He should only sit down at the end. In this case, sajdah-e-sahw will become wajib. If after standing up, he still went back and sat down; he will be committing a sin and even in this case he will still have to make sajdah-esahw. 18. If a person forgets to sit down after the fourth rakaat, then if he is closer to the sitting posture, he must sit down, recite the at-tahiyyaat, durood, etc. and make his salaam. There is no need to make sajdah-e-sahw. And if he stood up completely, even then he should go back and sit down. In fact, even if he has recited Surah Faatihah, another Surah, and went into ruku, he should still sit down, read the at-tahiyyaat and then make sajdah-e-sahw. But if he still did not remember after the ruku and made the sajdahs for the fifth rakaat, he should repeat his fard salaah. This salaah will now be regarded as a nafl salaah and he will have to offer one more rakaat and thereby complete six rakaats. There is no need to make sajdah-e-sahw. If he did not add one more rakaat, or made salaam after the fifth rakaat, four rakaats will be nafl and the one rakaat will not even be considered.

19. If a person sits down for the fourth rakaat, recites at-tahiyyaat and thereafter stands up, he should sit down when he remembers as long as it is before making the next sajdahs. The moment he sits down, he should not recite at-tahiyyaat. Instead, he should immediately make sajdah-e-sahw. But if he makes the sajdahs for the fifth rakaat and only remembers thereafter, he should add one more rakaat and complete six rakaats. The first four rakaats will be for his fard and the other two will be regarded as nafl. He will also have to make sajdah-e-sahw. If he makes sajdah-e-sahw and then salaam in the fifth rakaat, he has committed a sin. In this case, the first four rakaats will be of fard, and the remaining one will not be considered. 20. If a person is offering four rakaats of nafl salaah and he forgets to sit down after the second rakaat, then as long as he remembers before making the sajdahs for the third rakaat, he should sit down. If he has already made the sajdahs for the third rakaat, his salaah will still be valid. But sajdah-e-sahw will be wajib in both cases. 21. A person is in doubt as to whether he offered three or four rakaats. If this doubt was coincidental, i.e. he does not normally have this doubt, then he will have to repeat his salaah. But if these sort of doubts occur quite often, he should ponder in his heart and see what the heart's inclination is. If it is more towards three rakaats, he should offer one more rakaat and sajdah-esahw will not be wajib. But if he feels that he offered four rakaats, he should not add another rakaat nor should he make sajdah-e-sahw. If he still cannot make up his mind after pondering over the matter, then he should regard it as if he offered three rakaats and add one more rakaat. But in this case, he should also sit down after the third rakaat and recite the at-tahiyyaat. He should then stand up and offer the fourth rakaat and also make sajdah-e-sahw. 22. If he has a doubt as to whether it is the first or second rakaat, the above rule will also apply. That is, if the doubt was coincidental, he should repeat his salaah. But if such doubts occur quite often, he should act according to that which his heart tells him. But if he is still not sure, he should regard it as one rakaat. However, he has to sit down after the first rakaat and recite the at-tahiyyaat, because it is possible that this is actually his second rakaat. On completing his second rakaat, he should sit down again. He should also recite another Surah after Surah Faatihah in this second rakaat. On completing his third rakaat, he should sit down again because it is possible that this is actually his fourth rakaat. After the fourth rakaat he should sit down again, make sajdah-e-sahw and then make salaam. 23. If he has a doubt as to whether it is the second or third rakaat, the same rule will apply. If he cannot make up his mind, he should sit down after the second rakaat and thereafter offer the third rakaat. On completing the third rakaat, he should sit down again and recite at-tahiyyaat because it is possible that this is his fourth rakaat. He should then offer the fourth rakaat, make sajdah-e-sahw and then complete his salaah. 24. If the doubt occurrs after having completed his salaah, that is, he is not sure as to whether he offered three or four rakaats. Then this doubt is not even considered - the salaah is valid. But if he clearly remembers that he only offered three rakaats, he should stand up and offer one more rakaat and also make sajdah-e-sahw. However, if on completing his salaah, he started speaking or did something else with which salaah breaks, he will have to repeat his salaah. Similarly, if this doubt creeps in after having recited at-tahiyyaat, the same rule will apply. That is, as long as he does not remember clearly, he should not worry about it. However, it will be good to repeat the salaah as a precaution so that the uneasiness of the heart is removed and no doubt remains. 25. If several things occur in salaah, whereby sajdah-e-sahw becomes wajib, then one sajdah-esahw will suffice for all the mistakes. Sajdah-e-sahw is not made twice in one salaah.

26. After making sajdah-e-sahw, a person commits another mistake which makes sajdah-e-sahw wajib. The first sajdah-e-sahw will suffice and it will not be necessary to make another one. 27. A person made a mistake in his salaah whereby sajdah-e-sahw had become wajib on him. But he forgot to make sajdah-e-sahw and made salaam on both sides. However, he remained sitting in that place without turning his chest away from the qiblah, neither did he talk nor did he do anything whereby salaah breaks. He should make sajdah-e-sahw at that time. In fact, if he remained sitting in that position and engaged himself in reciting the kalimah, durood or any other zikr, even then there is no harm in this. Once he makes his sajdah-e-sahw, his salaah will be valid. 28. Sajdah-e-sahw was wajib on a person but he intentionally made his salaam on both sides and made this intention that he will not make sajdah-e-sahw. Despite this, as long as he does not do anything which makes the salaah invalid, the choice to make sajdah-e-sahw will remain. 29. In a three or four rakaat salaah, a person unintentionally made salaam after the second rakaat. He should immediately stand up, complete his salaah and make sajdah-e-sahw. However, if after making salaam, he did something which invalidates salaah, he will have to repeat his salaah. 30. A person forgetfully recited dua-e-qunoot in the first or second rakaat of witr salaah. This will not be considered. He should recite the qunoot in the third rakaat again and also make sajdah-esahw. 31. While offering witr salaah, a person had a doubt as to whether it is the second or third rakaat. He cannot even make up his mind as to which of the two is more correct. He should recite dua-e-qunoot in that rakaat and after sitting down for the at-tahiyyaat he should stand up and offer one more rakaat. He should recite dua-e-qunoot in this rakaat as well. In the end he should also make sajdah-e-sahw. 32. Instead of reciting dua-e-qunoot in the witr salaah, the person read thanaa'. Later when he remembered, he recited the qunoot. Sajdah-e-sahw will not be wajib. 33. A person forgot to recite dua-e-qunoot in witr salaah. Instead, he went into ruku after reciting a Surah. Sajdah-e-sahw will be wajib. 34. After reciting Surah Faatihah, a person recited two or three Surahs. There is no harm in this and sajdah-e-sahw will not be wajib. 35. In the latter rakaats of a fard salaah, a person recited another Surah after Surah Faatihah in one or both the rakaats. Sajdah-e-sahw will not be wajib. 36. Sajdah-e-sahw is not wajib in the following instances: he forgets to recite the thanaa' in the beginning, he forgets to recite the tasbeeh in ruku, he forgets to recite the tasbeeh in sajdah, he forgets to recite: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! when standing up from ruku, at the time of saying takbeer-e-tahreemah he forgets to raise his hands to his ears (or to the shoulders for women), at the end of his salaah he made salaam without reciting the durood and a dua. In all the above cases, sajdah-e-sahw is not wajib.

37. In the latter one or two rakaats of a fard salaah, he forgot to recite Surah Faatihah and went into ruku after standing silently- even then sajdah-e-sahw will not be wajib. 38. If a person intentionally committs those errors which make sajdah-e-sahw wajib, then sajdah-e-sahw will not become wajib. Instead, he will have to repeat the salaah. Even if he makes the sajdah-e-sahw, the salaah will still not be valid. If a person forgets those things which are not fard nor wajib in salaah, his salaah will remain valid and he will not have to make sajdahe-sahw. 39. If a salaah which has to be offered silently is offered in a loud voice, sajdah-e-sahw will have to be made irrespective of whether the person is a munfarid or an imam. If an imam performs a salaah which has to be offered aloud, silently, then he will have to make sajdah-e-sahw. But if very little qira'at is made in a loud voice in a silent salaah, which is not sufficient for the salaah to be valid, then sajdah-e-sahw will not be wajib. For example, just one or two words come out aloud, or an imam recites one or two words silently in a salaah that is offered aloud, then sajdahe-sahw will not be wajib.