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Power Train Components (1) Final drive (2) Steering differential and brake on the left side of the machine (3) Engine (4) Torque divider (5) Tracks (6) Main drive shaft (7) Planetary gears and brake on the right side of the machine (8 and 11) Axles (9) Planetary transmission (Power shift) (10) Bevel and transfer gear
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The speed clutches and the direction clutches are electronically controlled. The clutches engage in order to transfer power. The power output from planetary transmission (9) turns bevel and transfer gears (10). Bevel and transfer gears (10) turn inner axle shaft (8). Inner axle shaft (8) transfers power to the steering differential and brake (2). Inner axle shaft (8) also transfers power to the planetary gears and brake (7). The steering differential is used to steer the machine. The brakes are used to stop the machine. The steering differential and brake (2) works with the planetary gears and brake (7) in order to send power through the two outer axle shafts (11) to final drives (1). Final drives (1) use two planetary gear sets for double speed reduction. The planetary gears increase the torque in each stage. The sprockets on the final drives transfer mechanical power to tracks (5) that move the machine.
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Schematic of power train hydraulic system (1) Priority valve (2) Wire harness for the electronic control module (3) Torque converter inlet relief valve (4) Oil filter for brakes and for transmission controls (5) Modulating valves and the main relief valve (transmission) (6) Brake control valve (7D) Steering differential and brake on the left side of the machine (7E) Planetary gears and brake on the right side of the machine (8) Passage for the lubrication of the transmission and the bevel gear (9) Oil cooler (10) Torque converter outlet relief valve
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(11) Torque converter (12) Power train oil pump (13) Pump drive (14) Passages to the steering differential, planetary gears and brake lubrication (15) Oil filter for the torque converter (16) Check valve (A) Transmission and controls section (B) Torque converter and lubrication section (C) Transmission and torque converter scavenge section
The power train hydraulic system uses pump (12). The pump consists of three sections. Oil pump (12) is mounted on the implement hydraulic pump. The shafts of the two pumps are connected by splines. The pump is driven from the engine by gears in the flywheel housing. The bevel gear case is the sump for the power train hydraulic system.
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Scavenge Section
Section (C) removes oil from torque converter (11) and from the transmission. The oil is returned to the bevel gear case. The oil is drawn through screens at torque converter (11) and at the transmission.
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Schematic for the power train electronic control (1) Parking brake switch (2) Tiller for the differential steering (3) Cat data link (4) Electronic control module (ECM) (5) CMS (monitoring system) (6) Connector (7) Connector (8) Service tool (9) Steering differential and brake on the left side of the machine (10) Planetary gears and brake on the right side of the machine
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(11) Brake control valve (12) Transmission modulating valves and the main relief valve (13) Priority valve (14) Brake pedal (A) Output speed of the torque converter (B) Intermediate speed of the transmission (C) Output speed of the transmission (D) Engine speed (E) Oil temperature
Reference: Refer to Service Manual, SENR8367, "Power Train Electronic Control System" for system operation, testing and adjusting procedures. The electronic control system for the power train performs two main functions:
The electronic control system for the power train also performs the following functions:
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The electronic control system for the clutch pressure controls the transmission clutch engagement.
Braking
Braking is controlled by the electronic control system for the power train. The brakes are applied with springs. The brakes are released hydraulically. Service brake pedal (14) and parking brake switch (2) inform ECM (4) of the requests for braking. The ECM removes the current from the solenoid valve on brake control valve (11). When braking is not requested, the solenoid valve receives current. The valve opens and the brakes are hydraulically released.
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Torque Divider
SMCS - 3113; 3114
Ver imagen
Illustration 1 (1) Flywheel (2) Turbine (3) Torque converter housing (4) Impeller (5) Case (6) Yoke (7) Freewheel stator (8) Output shaft (9) Ring gear (10) Planetary carrier (11) Planetary gears (12) Sun gear
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The torque divider connects the engine to the planetary transmission. The connection is both a hydraulic connection and a mechanical connection. The hydraulic connection is through a torque converter. The mechanical connection is through a planetary gear set.
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The torque converter uses oil from the torque converter charging pump section to multiply the torque to the transmission. When the machine works against a low load, the torque multiplication is low. When the machine works against a high load, the torque multiplication is higher. A higher torque can then be sent to the transmission during high load conditions. The planetary gear set also multiplies the torque from the engine by making an increase in the mechanical advantage. The torque multiplication also makes an increase as the load on the machine becomes higher. During no-load conditions, neither the torque converter nor the planetary gear set can multiply the torque from the engine. The torque converter housing (3) and sun gear (12) are installed onto engine flywheel (1). The torque divider case is installed on the engine flywheel housing. Output shaft (8) is connected to yoke (6). Yoke (6) is connected to the planetary transmission through a drive shaft. The planetary gear set is composed of the following parts: sun gear (12), planetary carrier (10), planetary gears (11), and ring gear (9). Sun gear (12) is connected to the flywheel by splines. Planetary carrier (10) is connected to output shaft (8) by splines. Planetary gears (11) are held by planetary carrier (10). Planetary gears (11) are engaged by sun gear (12) and by ring gear (9) . The torque converter is composed of the following parts: housing (3), impeller (4), turbine (2), and stator (7). Housing (3) is connected to flywheel (1) by splines. Impeller (4) is connected to housing (3). Turbine (2) is connected to ring gear (9) by splines. Stator (7) is connected to carrier (14) .
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(7) Freewheel stator (11) Planetary gears (13) Outlet passage (14) Carrier (15) Inlet passage (A-A) End view of freewheel stator (7)
Oil for the operation of the torque converter flows through inlet passage (15) in carrier (14) to impeller (4). The rotation of the impeller drives the oil. The impeller sends the oil around the inside of housing (3) to turbine (2) . The force of the oil on the blades of the turbine turns the turbine. The turbine drives the planetary gears (11) around ring gear (9). The torque that is given to the turbine by the force of the oil cannot be a greater force than the torque output of the engine to the impeller. As the oil flows from the turbine, the oil moves in a direction that is opposite from the rotation of impeller (4). Stator (7) changes the direction of the oil. As the stator is connected to carrier (14), most of the oil flows from the stator through outlet passage (13) to the oil cooler. The force of the oil from the stator can now add to the torque output from the engine to the impeller. The extra force can give an increase to the torque output of the engine to the turbine. A larger difference between the speeds of the impeller and of the turbine translates to a larger amount of force of the oil from the stator. The load on the machine changes the speed of the turbine. A greater load translates to a larger difference in the speeds between the impeller and the turbine. The different loads on the machine control the amount of torque multiplication that is added by the force of the oil from the stator.
Freewheel Stator
Freewheel stator (7) reduces the load from the torque converter on the engine during some low load conditions. These conditions are roading, reverse cycles, and downhill runs, when the engine is operating at speed. The freewheel stator releases the torque converter from carrier (14), and the engine speed matches the machine speed without driving the torque converter. Increases in the load cause the freewheel clutch to engage, and the torque converter resumes normal operation.
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Illustration 3 (2) Turbine (3) Torque converter housing (8) Output shaft (9) Ring gear (10) Planetary carrier (11) Planetary gears (12) Sun gear
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The torque converter is driven by the engine through housing (3). The planetary gear set is driven by the engine through sun gear (12). These connections allow the torque output of the engine to go in two separate directions. Because of the larger radius of ring gear (9), most of the torque is sent by the torque converter through the ring gear to planetary gears (11). The remainder of the torque is sent by sun gear (12) to planetary gears (11). If planetary carrier (10) has no resistance to rotation, then the following components turn at the same speed: sun gear (12), planetary gears (11), planetary carrier (10) and ring gear (9) . The torque from the converter and from the planetary gear set is now through the planetary carrier to output shaft (8) and the planetary transmission. Neither the torque converter nor the planetary gear set can multiply the torque from the engine when both these components turn at the same speed. When the machine has a load, planetary carrier (10) has a resistance to rotation. Since sun gear (12) is turning at the rpm of the engine, the resistance to rotation turns planetary gears (11). This rotation is the reverse of the rotation of ring gear (9). The speed of the ring gear decreases. Since turbine (2) is connected to the ring gear, a decrease in speed will cause the torque converter to multiply the torque from housing (3). The torque multiplication is sent to planetary carrier (10) and the output shaft. If the resistance to rotation of planetary carrier (10) increases, the speed of the ring gear will decrease more. The slower speed will allow the torque multiplication through both the torque converter and the sun gear to become higher. If the resistance to rotation of the planetary carrier increases enough, the ring gear stops. During some very high load conditions, the rotation of the planetary carrier and the output shaft also stop. The stopped output shaft turns the ring gear slowly in the opposite direction. The torque multiplication of the torque converter and the sun gear is at the maximum.
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