Lexical variations refer to the differences of individual words that make up the vocabulary of a language.

These differences are common enough as markers of the differences between geographical areas or regions. Lexical variation also occurs depending on the cast, religious community and class system. A cooking pot is called hari in Jhenidah and paila in Barisal dialect. Twilight is called shondha in Kushtia, Jhenidah but hanja in Gazipur dialect. Here we see different kinds of vocabulary used by the people of different region but indicate the same meaning or same thing. A ladder is called moi in Barisal, changa in Gazipur and bashoi in Jhenidah and Jessore district. If we seek for the same lexical variation in Englsih language, we will see the usage of different types of words to indicate the same thing. For an example carbonated soft drink is called pop in the inland North and the West of the United States, soda in the North East, tonic in the Eastern New England and cold drink/drink/dope in various part of South. We can find out lexical variation depending on religious community. For instances, god is named after bhogoban or ishshor in Hindu community of West Bengal but the same person is called allah or khoda in Muslim community of Bangladesh though all these words are used in Bengali language. Again water is called jol by Hindu community but pani by Muslim community and bath is used as snan or chan by Hindu community and gosol by Muslim community. Depending on the cast in society, we can analyze lexical differences among the words of various dialects. Rice is called anno by Brahmmon (people from higher cast) but vat by the people from lower cast. In another example we see that banana is called romva by Brahmmon but kola by people from lower cast. If we try to observe lexical differences throughout class distinction in the same region, we will see that upper and middle class people use the word bil for cultivable land but working class use the word kola.

Phonological variations refer to variation of the system or pattern of speech sounds used in language. This variation is actually the differences in pronunciation within and across dialects. For instance the fact that people from New York and New England might pronounce "greasy" with an s, while people from Virginia and points further South might pronounce it with a z. The stereotypical Bostonian pronunciation of "Park your car in Harvard yard" as Pahk yo' car in Hahvahd yahd includes not only the r-lessness of Pahk, yo', Hahvahd and yahd (the r in car is retained because the following word begins with a vowel)--a feature shared with many other American dialects, particularly in the South. In Bengali language, water is pronounced as pani in Kushtia, Jessore and Jhenidah district but pronounced as hani in Noakhali and Chandpur. To indicate money, people of Kushtia and Jhenidah use the word taka but people of Barisal sound it as taha and Gazipur as teha.