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Chemical Engineering
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Chris Haslego
President
Cheresources, Inc.
ENGINEERING DESIGN CALCULATION - DENNIS KIRK
Bolt Tightening Calculation using Torque (UN inch size bolts) Ver 1.040
Job:
Title:
Thread Form 8UN
Nut Style Heavy Hex
Thread Angle (Included) 60 60 deg
Stud Nom Dia Dn 25.4 mm 1 in
Threads per Inch N 8
Thread Pitch Pt 3.175 mm 0.125 in
Bolt Length (inside nuts) L 0 mm 0 in
Bolt Material
Bolt Material Fu Bfu 861.8 MPa 125000 psi
Bolt Material Fy Bfy 723.9 MPa 105000 psi
Bolt Elastic Modulus E 204771.1 MPa 29700000 psi
Bolt/Nut Proof Load Fpr 0.0 kN 0 lb
Proof Stress Spr 0.0 MPa 0 psi
Bolt Tension Required X 44.00% Bfy 44.00% Bfy
Required Bolt Stress Sb 318.5 MPa 46200 psi
Bolt Load Fb 124.5 kN 27985.5 lb
Bolt Strain e 0.00155556 mm/mm 0.00155556 in/in
dL N/A mm N/A in
Sharp Thread Height H 2.75 mm 0.108253 in
Thread Engagement H1 1.7 mm 0.067658 in
Sharp Root Diameter Dr 20.6 mm 0.810557 in
Stud Minor Dia Dm 21.3 mm 0.837620 in
Pitch Diameter Dp 23.3 mm 0.918810 in
Sharp Crest Diameter 25.7 mm 1.013532 in
Effective Dia Deff 22.3 mm 0.878215 in
Effective Area Aeff 390.8 mm2 0.605748 in
2
Torsion Mom of Inertia Jeff 12153.7 mm4 0.014600 in
4
Nut Flats OD (Nut AF Measurement) Nd 41.3 mm 1 5/8 in
Nut Flats ID (bolt or bolt hole diameter) Ni 28.6 1/8 in 1 1/8 in
Nut Flats PCD Np 34.9 mm 1 3/8 in
Torque Loads: Display chart format Metric
Bolt Extension (no friction)
- Force required at Dp Fbh 5.4 kN 1211.9 lb
- Torque required Tb 62.9 N.m 556.8 lb.in
- Tensile Stress in Bolt Sa 318.5 MPa 46200.0 psi
Friction at Threads
- Force normal to thread Fn 143.7 kN 32314.9 lb
- Thread Coating/Lubricant
- Thread Coeff Friction Ct 0.18 0.18
- Friction Load at Dp Ft 25.9 kN 5816.7 lb
- Force reqd Fth 25.8 kN 5810.7 lb
- Torque required Tt 301.6 N.m 2669.5 lb.in
- Shear Stress in Bolt Ss 276.8 MPa 80288.5 psi
Friction at Nut
- Force Normal to Nut Fb 124.5 kN 27985.5 lb
- Nut Coating/Lubricant
- Nut Coeff Friction Cn 0.18 0.18
- Friction Load at Np Fn 22.4 kN 5037.4 lb
- Torque required Tn 391.3 N.m 3463.2 lb.in
Total Torque to Tighten Stud Bolt 755.8 N.m 557.5 ft.lb
or Torque by Simple Method Bolting Factor 0 0
Torque 0.0 N.m 0.0 ft.lb
Principal Stresses:
Direct Max S
1 478.6 MPa 106646 psi
Direct Min S
2 -160.1 MPa -60446 psi
Shear Max T
12 319.3 MPa 83546 psi
von Mises Stress von Mises Stress 575.6 MPa 146537 psi
Design Margins Required Actual
Shear Yield % Bfy 90% 159.1% Check
von Mises Stress % Bfy 90% 139.6% Check
Ultimate Stress % Bfu 75% 133.7% Check
Proof Load % Fpr 100% N/A N/A
www.ozemail.com.au/~denniskb denniskb@ozemail.com.au
Steel, Lightly Oiled (as delivered)
Steel, Lightly Oiled (as delivered)
A193 B7 <=2.5
Bolt Torque Distribution (Tightening)
Friction at
Threads
40%
Bolt Extension
(no friction)
8%
Friction at Nut
52%
Mohrs Stress Circle
318.5, 276.8
0.0, -276.8
478.6
-160.1
319.3
-319.3
-400
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
400
-200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Sa
S
s
Tightening Bolt
Installed Bolt
Yield Failure Limit
Allowable
Failure Envelope
723.9, 723.9
-1000
-800
-600
-400
-200
0
200
400
600
800
1000
-1000 -500 0 500 1000
S1
S
2
Yield Failure Envelope
Allowable Envelope
Tightening Bolt
Installed Bolt
*
* / 2
Fn Fb Cn
Tn Fn Np
=
=
2 2
1
2 2
2
2 2
12
2 2
1 1 2 2
/ 2 ( / 2)
/ 2 ( / 2)
( / 2)
*
S Sa Sa Ss
S Sa Sa Ss
T Sa Ss
Sv S S S S
= + +
= +
= +
= +
* / 2
* / 2/
Tt Fth Dp
Ss Tt Deff Jeff
=
=
2 2
* * / ( * ) Fth Ft Dp Pt Dp t t = +
* Ft Fn Ct =
/ cos( / 2) Fn Fb u =
* /( * )
* / 2
/
Fbh Fb Pt Dp
Tb Fbh Dp
Sa Fb Aeff
t =
=
=
12
12
% / 2
%
% / 2
%
T Bfy
Sv Bfy
T Bfu
Fu Fpr
<
<
<
>
( )
2
4
/(2*tan / 2 )
1 3/ 8*
2*7/ 8*
2*3/ 4*
2*3/ 8*
/ 8
2*9/16*
* / 4
* / 32
H P
H H H
Dr Dn H
Dm Dn H
Dp Dn H
Dc Dn H
Deff Dn H
Aeff Deff
Jeff Deff
u
t
t
=
=
=
=
=
= +
=
=
=
1/ Pt N =
/ Spr Fpr Aeff =
*
*
/
Sb X Bfy
Fb Sb Aeff
Sb Eb c
=
=
=
Pt
Pt/2
Pt/4
Pt/8
H
H
/
4
H
/
4
3
/
8
*
H
H
/
8
H
/
8
H
/
1
6
60
H
1
D
r
D
m
D
p
D
n
D
e
f
f
ScrewThreadAxis
Pitch Diameter
Bolt External Thread
Nut Internal Thread
Basic Thread Form:
D
c
BoltTorque.xls UNC Inch 8/03/2009

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