ABSTRACT

Submitted By:
UTKARSH BHASKAR & DWIJAY BANE e-mail- Utkarsh_234@yahoo.com & dwijay_bane@rediffmail.com contact no.-9251759355,9309259189

3D HOLOGRAPHIC DISPLAY

What is a Hologram?
1. A Hologram is a picture that changes when looked at from different angles. 2. Holography is a technique that allows the light scattered from an object to be recorded and let a reconstructed so that it appears as if the object is in the same position relative to the recording medium as it was when recorded.

How does Hologram works?

1. Typically coherent light from an object and combined at the film with light from a reference beam. 2. Interference pattern produced by beams is recorded. 3. The resulting light field is an apparently random pattern of varying intensity which is hologram.

Characteristics of Hologram:
1. Photograph of light wave interference. 2. 3D in nature. 3. Lens less photography. 4. Any part of the hologram contains the whole image.

5. The images are scalable.

Types of Holograms:
Multi-image Holograms: Several images can be seen successively by changing the view point or illuminating light or by tilting the hologram. Rainbow Holograms: These are transmission holograms viewable by white light, made by transfer wih te master hologram masked down to a narrow horizontal slit. Focused-Image Holograms: The optical image formed by a lens is used as object beam. This principle can be used to form holographic images in a modified conventional cameras. Embossed Hologram: The final transfer hologram is made on photo resist, so that the interference pattern is formed in ridges and can be reproduced by mechanical hot stamping from a metal replica. Holographic stereograms: These represent the ultimate in multi-image transfer hologram. A series of upto 100 images produced by a moving camera is recorded as a set of adjacent narrow holograms 1 to 2 mm wide on a continuous length of holographic film. The whole series is then transferred holographically to give a single final image. This system has the advantages of not needing a laser for its origination, and of being able to produce an image of any required size. Holographic (or diffractive) optical elements: A hologram of a lens or of an optical mirror behaves exactly like the original lens or mirror. It is thus a holographic element (HOE). The main advantages of HOEs and DOEs is that a large number of elements can be superimposed on a single surface, an impossibility with conventional optical systems. The disadvantage is that they are highly dispersive and can therefore reused affectively only with monochromatic light. Holographic interferograms: If a hologram is doubly exposed, and between the two exposers the object is slightly distorted, in the resulting image he distortion is contoured by secondary interference fringes at half wavelength intervals. This property makes holography an important tool in the analysis of stresses and vibration.

Application of Holography:
Data Storage: A technique that can store information at high density inside crystals and photo polymers. Security: Security holograms are used widely in mini currencies, credit and bank card as well as books, DVDs , sports equipments as they are difficult to forge. Art: Some artist use holography as their main medium and many more artist integrate holographic elements into their work. Hobbyist Use: Many experiments have been made by people to explore more on holographic to find an inexpensive ways of making holograms. Determining Cubic Dimensions: Holographic scanners are in use post offices, larger shipping firms and automated conveyor system to determine the 3-Dimensional size of a package.

How does it works?

1. More than 35 cameras used to shoot. 2. A 3D image is created. 3. 3D model rendered and textured with video signal and sent to the destination. 4. At the destination, some special effects added to give final holographic image.

Future Possibilities:
1. Wartime decision makers would benefit from looking at a3-d representation of a battle landscape. 2. Industrial designers will be able to modify a sports cars body using the tip of a stylus, instantly establishing the changes effect on overall design. 3. Surgeons will be better able to determine the safest approach for removing a brain tumour without ever wielding a knife. 4. Even real-time holographic imaging based video games can become a reality if costs come down.