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Borrador, Resumen de avances tecnolgicos en resolucin de video para televisin.. STANDARD-DEFINITION TELEVISION (SDTV)
Sistemas PAL y SECAM = 576i = 576 interlaced lines of resolution Sistema Americano NTSC = 480i = 480 interlaced lines of resolution SDTV en el standard ATSC = 720 pixels x 480 lneas = 16:9 o 640 pixeles x 480 lneas Refresh rate = 24, 30 o 60 frames per sencond SDTV Digital en 4:3 se ve igual que la TV anloga pero sin fantasmas, snowy images o white noise.
HDTV ANALOGA.
This French set was apparently made around 1951. It has a round picture tube, and is for the 819 line standard.
SISTEMA JAPONS HI-VISION (1035i) MUSE (Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding) de 1125 lineas.
Japan had the earliest working HDTV system, with design efforts going back to 1979. The country began broadcasting wideband analog high-definition video signals in the late 1980s using an interlaced resolution of 1035 or 1080-lines active (1035i) or 1125-lines total supported by the Sony HDVS line of equipment. The Japanese system, developed by NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories in the 1980s, employed filtering tricks to reduce the original source signal to decrease bandwidth utilization. MUSE was marketed as "Hi-Vision" by NHK. In the typical setup, three picture elements on a line were actually derived from three separate scans. Stationary images were transmitted at full resolution. However, as MUSE lowers the horizontal and vertical resolution of material that varies greatly from frame to frame, moving images were blurred in a manner similar to using 16 mm movie film for HDTV projection. In fact, whole-camera pans would result in a loss of 50% of horizontal resolution.
Though Japan has since switched to a digital HDTV system based on ISDB, the original MUSE-based BS Satellite channel 9 (NHK BS Hivision) was still being broadcast as of 2007. It broadcast the same programs as BS-digital channel 103, but transmission ended on November 30, 2007.
The HD-MAC standard was abandoned in 1993, and since then all EU and EBU efforts have focused on the DVB system (Digital Video Broadcasting), which allows both SDTV and HDTV.
For transport, ATSC uses the MPEG systems specification, known as an MPEG transport stream, to encapsulate data, subject to certain constraints.
EURO1080
On January 1, 2004 when the Belgian company Euro1080 launched the HD1 channel with the traditional Vienna New Year's Concert. Test transmissions had been active since the IBC exhibition in September 2003, but the New Year's Day broadcast marked the official start of the HD1 channel, and the start of HDTV in Europe. The HD1 channel was initially free-to-air and mainly comprised sporting, dramatic, musical and other cultural events broadcast with a multi-lingual soundtrack on a rolling schedule of 4 or 5 hours per day. These first European HDTV broadcasts used the 1080i format with MPEG-2 compression on a DVB-S signal from SES Astra's 1H satellite. Euro1080 transmissions later changed to MPEG-4/AVC compression on a DVB-S2 signal in line with subsequent broadcast channels in Europe. In December 2009 the United Kingdom became the first European country to deploy high definition content on digital terrestrial television (branded as Freeview) using the new DVB-T2 transmission standard as specified in the Digital TV Group (DTG) D-book. The
Freeview HD service currently contains 4 HD channels and is now rolling out region by region across the UK in accordance with the digital switchover process. Some transmitters such as the Crystal Palace and Emley Moor transmitters are broadcasting the Freeview HD service ahead of the digital switchover by means of a temporary, low-power pre-DSO multiplex.
720p
XGA = 1024 x 768 = 786,432 pixeles = 4:3 (PC) Normal= 1280 x 720 = 921,600 pixeles = 16:9 (Standard HDTV, High end video projectors) WXGA = 1366 x 768 = 1,049, 088 pixeles = aprox. 16:9 (HD ready Tv's con tecnologa LCD)
1080p y 1080i
1080i = 1080 actively interlaced lines of resolution 1080p = 1080 progressively scanned lines
1080p/1080i
Normal= 1920 x 1080 = 2,073,600 pixeles = 16:9 ratio (Standard HDTV, Full HD)
So to give the viewer the sensation of being engulfed in images on a display, the desirable horizontal viewing angle was set at 100 degrees. This means that with the standard recommended viewing distance 0.75 times the display height, NHK calculates that the standard size for a Super Hi-Vision display in the home would be 100 inches. Therefore, the viewer would have to be about 1 meter from the display. *[Para dar al espectador la sensacin de estar absorto en las imgenes que se muestran, El angulo horizontal deseable para ver fue de 100 grados. Esto significa que con la distancia estndar para ver siendo 0.75 veces la altura del display o televisor, NHK calcula que el tamao estndar para un televisor con Super Hi-Vision en casa seria de 100 pulgadas. As, el televidente tendra que estar a un metro de distancia del televisor]
Under those conditions, 8K x 4K was the resolution at which the viewer would not see individual pixels. "The specifications were defined as the ultimate resolution from the viewpoint of the human factor. *[Bajo estas condiciones, 8k x 4k (Ocho veces por 4 veces la resolucion del HD), fue La resolucin con la que el televidente ya no vera pixeles individuales (es decir, a la distancia correcta de 1 metro, no se pueden ver los pixeles, siendo esta distancia la Adecuada para apreciar la imagen del televisor). Las especificaciones fueron definidas Como la ultima resolucin desde el punto de vista del factor humano.]
SHARP SUPER HI-VISION 85 LCD La primera ULTRA HIGH DEFINITION TELEVISION (UHDTV) en el mundo. 7,680 x 4,320 pixeles