Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Respiration
Revision Summary
Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration
Similarities:
- Both involve breakdown of food to release energy (in ATP) to allow cells to do work
- Both are chemical reactions, involving enzymes, occurring within cells
Differences
Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration
Breakdown of food in the presence of Breakdown of food in the absence of oxygen
oxygen
Releases large amount of energy Releases small amount of energy
Products: Carbon dioxide and water Products: Animal cells (eg. Muscle) – Lactic acid
Yeast – Ethanol and carbon dioxide (Alcoholic
fermentation)
Occurs generally in all living cells in Occurs in skeletal muscle cells when additional energy is
presence of oxygen needed in the presence of insufficient oxygen
the presence of oxygen with the and out of the lungs alveoli and blood in the capillaries
release of large amounts of (inhalation and surround the alveoli.
energy. Carbon dioxide and water exhalation).
are released as waste products.
In all living cells, occurs in Along respiratory tract Between alveoli in lungs and
Location
Chemical reaction depends on: *Physical mechanism Physical exchange facilitated by:
1. Availabillity of glucose due to actions of: 1. Film of water on inner walls of
2. Availability of oxygen 1. Intercostal alveoli
Mechanism
Feature Function
Hairs in nostrils Filters incoming air by trapping dust
Mucus produced by gland cells lining nasal Mucus traps dust and bacteria, prevents entry of these
passages, trachea and upper half of bronchi particles into alveoli
Cilia lining nasal passages, trachea, and Sweep mucus with trapped dust up airways into pharynx
upper hallf of the bronchi
C-shaped rings of cartilage around trachea Support airways to ensure it is always kept open, prevents
and bronchi lumen from collapsing when pressure in thoracic cavity falls
Elastic nature of lungs Allows lungs to expand and contract easily during breathing
Pleural membranes with pleural fluid Reduce friction when they rub against the ribcage
Millions of alveoli in the lungs Provide a large surface area for maximum gaseous
exchange
Alveolar Structure and Function
Experiments in Respiration