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BasketballTerminology

Likeanysportordiscipline,basketballhasitsownlanguage.Anovicecouldlistentotwo coachestalkingtoeachotherandnothaveanyideaofwhattheyaretalkingabout!Thisistrue inalmostanysubject.Studyingtobecomeadoctor,youfirsthavetoknowthenamesofallthe partsbeforeyoucancut'emout!Howdowecomeupwithalltheseterms?Itisan evolutionaryprocessovertheyears.Anexpertcoachusessomenewtermatabasketball camp,anditbecomespartofthevernacular.AcolorfulTVcommentator(AlMcGuireandhis "aircraftcarrier",DickVitale,etc)comeupwithverycolorfulexpressions,anditbecomespart ofthegame,BABY! Thispagewillbelikeabasketballdictionary,tryingtodefineourterms.Realizethatsometimes coachesdon'tcompletelyagreeonwhatsomethingmeans,andsometimeswehavemore thanonetermforthesamething...e.g.a"screen"anda"pick"(samethingtome). Thispagecanbeaworkinprogress.Ifanyonehasatermtoaddtothislist,ordisagreeswith mydefinition,pleaseemailme. First,letslookatthe"halfcourt"diagrambelowtodefineareasofthefloor. The"paint"istheareainsidethelane linesfromthebaselinetothefree throwline.Ifyouroffensiveplayerhas afooton,ourinsidetheselinesfor3 secondsorlonger,hewillbecalledfor the3secondviolation.Thereisno restrictiononthetimedefensive playerscanoccupythepaint. "Freethrowline",("charitystripe")is thelineyoumuststandbehindwhen shootingafreethrow. "Lowpost"areaistheareanearthe"block"oneithersideofthelane(or"paint"area),toabout halfwayupthelanetowardthefreethrowline. "Highpost"isthatareaalongthefreethrowline,andboth"elbows". The"point"isoutfront,andthe"wings"oneitherside.The"topofthekey"isabovethefree throwcircle(manyyearsago,thelanewasnotaswideasthefreethrowlineandcircle,and soitlookedlikeakey,orkeyhole).The"shortcorner"isbetweenthecornerandthebasket, about12feetout. "Ballside"referstothesideofthefloorwheretheballis."Weakside"istheoppositeside awayfromtheball.Playerscuttingontheweaksidetowardthehoop,areusingthe"back door". "10secondline",orhalfcourtline,isthelinedownthecenterofthefloor.Itdividesthe"full court"(entireplayingarea)intotwo"halfcourts".Your"forecourt"isthehalfcourtwithyour basket,andthe"backcourt"isthehalfcourtwiththeopponent'sbasket.Onceateamgets possessionoftheball,ithas10secondstogettheballacrossthehalfcourtlineintoitsfore court.Onceacrossthisline(allthreepointstheballandbothfeet),theymaynotpassor dribbletheballbackacrossthisline,orstepontheline(whilehavingpossession)orthe"over andback"violationoccurs.Theoffensemayretrievetheballwithoutpenaltyifdeflectedacross byadefensiveplayer.

Numberingplayers,offensiveterminology. Yearsago,numberswerenotused.Youusuallyhadtwo"guards"whoplayedthe"perimeter" andbroughttheballupthefloor.The"center"usuallyplayedaroundthehighpostarea,and thetwo"forwards",startedintheshortcornertocornerareas,extendingouttothewings. Now,mostcoachesuseanumberingsystem,astheolddefinitionsoftendonotapplyany more,withplayersplayinginmultipleoffensiveformations.Usinganumberingsystem,makes iteasierforcoachesandplayerstounderstandplays,sets,andknowtheirroles.Different numberingsystemsexistandcoacheshavetheirownfavoritewaysofdoingthis.Hereisthe numberingsystemthatIuse,whichIfeelisveryeasyforyoungplayerstolearn.Thediagram belowshowsa"32set". The"pointguard"isO1.Theright"wing"isO2,andtheleft wingisO3.TherightlowpostisO4,andtheleftlowpostis O5.O2isusuallytheshootingguard,O3isthesmall forward,O4isthepowerforward,andO5isthecenteror strongpostplayer. Thisiseasyforyoungplayersplaystolearnifyoutellthem thattheevennumbers(2and4)areontherightside,and theoddnumbers(3and5)areontheleft. Inthisset,youhavethreeguards,or"perimeterplayers", andtwo"postplayers",ratherthantheolddefinitionoftwo guards,twoforwardsandacenter. Ina"131set",youwouldbringoneofthelowpostsuptothehighpostarea.Ina"14set", youbringbothpostplayersuptotheelbows("stackoffense"),oryoucandropbothwings downtothecorners("lowstack").Youcouldusea"4out,1inoffense"withfourperimeter playersandonepostplayer.The"openpostoffense"(5out)isyetanother. "Pickandroll"aplaywhereanoffensiveplayersetsa"screen"("pick")onateammate's defender,therebyfreeinguptheteammate,afterwhichthescreenermoves,or"rolls"offthe screentothehoop,oranopenareaforthereturnpass(seeSettingScreens). "Giveandgo"averybasicplaywhereafterpassingtoateammate,thepasserquicklycuts towardthebasket,andreceivesthereturnpassbackfromhisteammateforthelayup(see" Play23"). "Reversetheball"thismeanstoquicklymovetheball,bypassing,totheoppositesideof theforecourt,eitherbyaseriesofquickpasses,orbymeansofa"skippass"(apassdirectly acrosscourt,thereby"skipping"oneormoreoffensiveplayersinthesuccessionaroundthe perimeter).Youmaywanttoreversetheballquicklyto"overshift"azonedefense.Bymoving someofyouroffensiveplayerstoonesideofthefloor(e.g.againstazonedefense),you "overload"thezone. "Postup"offensivemovewhereinalowpostplayerpositionshimself,and"seals"his defenderoffsothathecanreceivethepassdownlowontheblock,wherehecanusea"post move"forascore,orquicklypasstheballbackoutsidetoanopenteammateforathree pointer(going"insideout"). Thereatermsreferringtotypesofoffensivecutsmadebyplayers,usuallymovingwithoutthe ball.Ratherthanredefiningthemhere,pleasereadthepageon"CuttingandFaking". Therearetermsthatrefertovarioustypesofdribblemoves(see"Dribbling").

Tounderstandtheterms"triplethreatposition","jabstep"andperimeteroneononemoves, see"Outside,PerimeterMoves". "Outofboundsplays"areusedinanattempttogetaquickscoringopportunitywhenyouhave toinboundstheball(eitherunderyourbasket,oralongthesideline.)Therearemanyofthese playstochoosefromonthehomepage. Therearedefensiveterms. Mantomandefense"eachdefensiveplayerisassignedtoguardaspecificopposingplayer. Hemay"switch"hisplayerwithanotherteammateifhegetsscreened.Mantomandefenders mustlearnthemeaningof"onball"(defendingtheplayerwiththeball),"deny"(preventing yourmanfromgettingtheball),and"helpside"(saggingoffyourmantohelpyourteammates preventinside"penetration"(seeBasicDefense).Theterm"closeout",referstothemethodin whichadefenderquicklyslidesupto,andcontainstheballhandler,orballreceiver. Therearetheterms,"ontheline"and"uptheline".Thesetwotermsrefertoadefender's positiononthefloor,relativetotheballhandlerandhisman.Usethisillustration...stretcha ropebetweentheballhanderandyourman(let'ssaybetweenthepointguardandthewing). "Ontheline"meansyourdefensivepositionissuchthatyoucanseeyourmanandtheball, andyourbodyisdirectlyonthatimaginarylineusuallywithchesttowardtheplayer,andhead towardtheballwitharmupinthepassinglane,ina"fulldenial"situation."Uptheline"means youareinapositionbackedofffromthisimaginaryline,towardthebasket,inapositionwhere youcanseebothballandyourman,preventthe"backcut",andyetbeabletoforcetheball handlertopassawayfromyourman.Thefartheraparttheballhanderandthewingplayer are,themorethedefendercandropback"uptheline",andstillbeinpositiontointerceptor deflectthepass. A"trap"issetwhentwodefendersdoubleteamtheballhandler,tryingtoforceaturnoverora jumpballsituation. "frontthelowpost"ondefense,thishastodowithhowyoudefendthelowpostplayer.The defendercanstaybetweenhimandthebasket,orgetoutin"front"ofhimbetweenthelow postplayerandthepasser,soasto"deny"himthepass. "boxout"whateveryplayershoulddowhenashotgoesup...trytoblockout,or"boxout", thepersonheisguardingtokeephimawayfromthebasketandpreventhimfromgetting "insideposition"fortherebound.See"Rebounding". "Zonedefense"eachdefender,ratherthanguardingaspecificopposingplayer,isassigned toguardorcoveracertainareaofthefloor,orzone.Thesemantomanandzonedefinitions areverygeneralandbroad,as"agoodzonelookslikeamantoman,andagoodmantoman lookslikeazone",eachincorporatingcertainaspectsofeachother,foranoverall"team defense".Manydifferentzonesetsareused,23,32,131,122,etc(see"ZoneDefense"). Bydefinition,theterm"zoneoffense"referstoateam'soffensivestrategyusedtodefeata zonedefense(see"ZoneOffense"). Therearevarious"gimmick"defensesthatcombineelementsofzonedefenseandmanto mancoverage(e.g."boxand1","triangleand2",etc).See"JunkDefenses"and"Matchup ZoneDefense". "Transition"istheprocessofchangingfromdefensetooffense,orviceversa."Transition offense"istheformer,and"transitiondefense"isthelatter.Transitionoffensivestrategymay involveafullcourt"fastbreak",ora"secondarybreak"(see"TransitionOffense")whereinthe offenseattemptstoquicklymovetheballupthefloorinhopesofgettingtheeasylayup. Transitiondefensemaybesimplygettingbackdownthefloorasquicklyaspossibleon

defense,ormayinvolvea"fullcourtpress",whichcanbemantoman,ora"zonepress"(see "TransitionDefense").Againstafullcourtpressdefense,theoffensewilloftenusea"press breaker",aplaydesignedtocounteractthefullcourtpress. Alsoseethisbasketballdictionary:http://ebastats.com/form/directory/global_Index.htm Copyright20022006,JamesA.Gels,allrightsreserved FromtheCoachsClipboardBasketballPlaybook,@http://www.coachesclipboard.net AbouttheAuthor


"TheCoach'sClipboardbasketballcoachingwebsiteisownedandeditedbyDr.JimGels. Mostofthearticles havebeenauthoredbyCoachGels,buttherearevaluablecontributionsfromothercoachesaswell,includingDr. HalWissel,KenSartini,TomEmma,DianneJones,andothers. Dr.GelsisapracticingphysicianinCharlevoix, Michigan,USA. Gelshasbeencoaching youthandhighschoolbasketball,boysandgirls,forthepast20years. Hecurrentlyisassistantboysandgirls varsitycoach,involvedinaverysuccessfulprogramunderheadcoachKeithHaskewhoseteams(boysandgirls) havehadseveralMichiganStateFinalappearancesinthepastseveralyears. Thewebsiteisacomprehensivecollectionofmanyarticles,whichincludeplayerfundamentals,coachingarticles andstrategies,offenses,plays(withanimations),defenses,pressdefenses,pressoffenses,drills,etc. The animateddiagramsareveryhelpfulinbringingplays,offensesanddefenses"tolife",showingtheimportant timinginvolved. Additionally,therearemanyvideoclipsthatdemonstrateplayerfundamentals,includingball handlingdrills,oneandtwoballdribblingdrills,dribblemoves,perimeterandpostplayermoves. Andnew articles,plays,etc.areaddedregularly. Coachesthatfavormantomandefensewillfindtheverydetailed,extensivearticleon"MantoManPressure Defense"andbreakdowndrillshelpful.Thosewhowanttoteachafullcourtpressing"system"willlikethe"Match UpPresses"(andbreakdowndrills),similartothatusedbycoachinglegendRickPitino. Thereisanextensive, newlyreviseddiscussionofthe4outmotionoffense. Thesearejustafewexamples. Manyotherarticles,too numeroustolisthere,areincludedandareallindexedinboththelefthandmenuseenoneverypageofthis userfriendlysite,oronthe"Playbook"page. Allarticlesandplayscanbeprintedcleanlywithoutbannersand otherdistractionscommontomanywebpages. AndthisallcomestoyouabsolutelyFREE! Thereishowever,aCDPlaybookthatyoucanpurchase,aswellas aPlayer'sCDandseveraldownloads. Mainly,thewebsiteisa"laboroflove",wheretheoldcoachshareshis passionandinformationwithothers."

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