PUMPS Rule of thumbs

1 Affinity Laws Capacity = D & Speed; D = impeller Dia Head = D & Speed Horsepower = D & Speed 2 Pump Horsepower Flow= Suction P= Discharge P= Suction P= Discharge P= HP= Flow GPM= Delta P Eff= Specific Gravity HP= Head 3 Pump Efficiency F= G= Eff= Ranges of applicability; F= 50-300ft G= 100-1000GPM For flows between, 25-99GPM, Eff @ 100GPM-(0.35%*(eff @ 100GPM-Eff @ low Flow) At 100GPM= 79.2 By putting G=100 in above equation. At low flow 79.2 By putting G= Actual low flow Efficiency @ low flow = 79.2 1m/hr= ### GPM 1kg/cm= 14.21 psi efficiency= 72 % 1m= 3 Ft

5.72 m/hr 1.2 Kg/cm 4 Kg/cm 2.8 17.05 psi 56.84 psi X Pump Horsepower 0 Gallons Per Minute 39.79 Disharge P - Suction P, PSI 0.72 Pump efficiency, Fraction 0.99 0 2.84 2.8 Developed Head, M 8.4 FT 0 Flow, GPM 79.2

4 General Suction System Two major jobs 1 NPSH= should be sufficient to avoid cavitaion in pumps 2 Pressure inside the pump must be higher than the vapor pressure of that service @ pump NPSH NPSH is the pressure available at the pump suction nozzle after subtracting vapor pressu Expressed in terms of Liquid head. It thus reflects the amount of head loss that the pump can sustain internally before the va Specified by manufacturer For design work, know pressure is the pressure of vessel from which the pump is drawing therefore, Pressure and NPSH must be calculated. Vessel Pressure and static head are added.

Vapor pressure and any other Pressure drop is subtracted. Pressure losses like; 1. frictional losses in straight pipe, valves and fittings 2. Loss from vessel to suction line. 3. loss through equipment in the suction line (like exchangers etc.)

Rules of thumb: 1. The minimum liquid head above the drawoff nozzle must be greater than the nozzle ex Velocity head K factor= 0.5 Nozzle velocity= A ft/sec g= 32.2 ft/sec hL= 0 Ft, liquid level above nozzle

Typical suction line pressure drops; saturated liquids: 0.05-0.5 psi/100ft Sub-cooled liquids: 0.5-1.0psi/100ft 5 NPSH calculation for pressured drum: NPSH= Abs pressure - vapor pressure -Line loss +/- Difference in elevation Absolute Pressure= 17.07 Psi Vapor Pressure 1.07 Psi Line Loss 0.05 Psi Difference in elevation 0.1 Ft Specific gravity of fluid Abs pressure Vapor Pressure Line Loss 0.99 39.75 Ft 2.48 Ft 0.12 Ft

NPSH available= 37.04

Ft

5 Estimation of NPSH For initial design, it is good to have quick estimation of pump NPSH n, speed = rpm Capacity= 0 C= constant fig.1 This graph is for C=9000 NPSH= #DIV/0!

###

100GPM=

0 m/hr

hat service @ pumping Temp.

acting vapor pressure.

ernally before the vapor pressure is reached.

he pump is drawing the liquid.

r than the nozzle exit resistance.

DATA IN RED HAVE BEEN CONSIDERED BY ESTIMATION

Pump NPSH GA-BWWS 101 Flow Density Pipe Dia Height of FA-601 m3/hr kg/m3 m m 5.72 1 0.06 3 70 93.33 753.41 0.15 7 55 93.33 764.76 0.15 7 101 96.5 730.09 0.15 7 70 93.33 753.41 0.15 7

Height of liquid FSD Pressure Viscosity Length of pipe

m kg/cm2g cp m

1.5 1 0.49 10

3.5 2.5 0.68 10

3.5 2.5 0.87 10

3.5 1.5 0.49 10

3.5 1.5 0.68 10

Area of pipe Velocity Viscosity Reynolds Number f(smooth pipe) Hfs

m2 m/sec kg/m-sec -

0 0.5 0 64.7 0

0.02 1.42 0 240978.74 0 0.05

0.02 1.42 0 190534.65 0 0.05

0.02 1.47 0 332732.62 0 0.05

0.02 1.42 0 240978.74 0 0.05

0.01

NPSHA metre Press Vapour pressure Friction 20040.08 541.08 3114.23

NPSHA metre 46.46 0.17 4.25

NPSHA metre 45.77 0.08 4.25

NPSHA metre 34.24 0.74 4.26

NPSHA metre 33.18 0.17 4.25

Elevation from pump centre line to FSD NPSH(available)

4.1 16388.87

4.1 46.13

4.1 45.54

4.1 33.35

4.1 32.86

55C Density,kg/m3 764.76 0.57 Pressure in FA-601,barA (Pr+level),bara friction DP,bara Total pr at suction,bara V.P,bar 3.5 4.07 0.33 3.74 0.01 3.73 NPSHA,mlc 49.8

101C 728.32 0.55 3.5 4.05 0.33 3.72 0.05 3.67 51.4

46.6 54.2 49.8

NSIDERED BY ESTIMATION Pump NPSH

55 93.33 764.76 0.15 7

GA-701

Flow m3/hr Density kg/m3 Pipe Dia m Height of FA-701 m

50
584

0.2 6.6 (70%leve l considere 4.62 d) 1.7 0.32

10

3.5 1.5 0.87 10

Height of liquid FSD Pressure Viscosity Length of pipe

m kg/cm2g cp m

0.02 1.42 0 190534.65 0 0.05

Area of pipe m2 Velocity m/sec Viscosity kg/m-sec Reynolds Number f(smooth pipe) Hfs m

0.03 0.43 0 158760.34 0 0

NPSHA metre

NPSHA metre 32.69 0.08 4.25

m m m

4.1 32.46

m m
70C 753.06 0.57 3.5 4.07 0.33 3.74 0.01 3.73 50.52

Press Vap press Friction Elevation from pump centre line to FSD
NPSH(available)
55C 764.76 0.58 2.5 3.08 0.33 2.75 0.01 2.75 36.62

2.7 0.38

46.23 6.51 m 0m

5m 44.72
101C 728.32 0.55 2.5 3.05 0.33 2.72 0.05 2.67 37.4 70C 753.06 0.57 2.5 3.07 0.33 2.74 0.01 2.73 36.97