AN OVERVIEW OF THE

EXTRA HIGH VOLTAGE SUBSTATION

(400/220KV)
AT

SUBHASGRAM (400/220KV) SUBSTATION

POST: GARIA (SOUTH), WESTBENGAL
FROM 2ND JUNE TO 1ST JULY, 2O11

THE PROJECT HAS BEEN PREPARED BY:

SUBRATA SARKER-GURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY,KOLKATA

DEBOMITRA SINHA-GURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY,KOLKATA

PRATYAYA ACHARYA-GURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY,KOLKATA
STREAM: APPLIED ELECTRONICS AND
INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

PRADIP KUMAR GHOSH-KALYANI GOVT. ENGG.

COLLEGE
STREAM: ELECTRICAL ENGG.

PROJECT COORDINATORS: MR. S. GUPTA

(ENGINEER)
MR. R.K. SINGH
(JUNIOR ENGINEER)
ii

ACKOWLEDGEMENT
CONFESSING GRATITUDE
At the end of an informative training we convey our sincere
thanks to all the respected employees of Subhasgram 400/220kv
substation, Power Grid Corporation of India Limited for helping
us to complete this vacational training.
We wish to express our sincere thanks to POWER GRID
CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED for providing us with the
opportunity to pursue our summer training project at Subhasgram
substation-a grid substation of repute. We would like to express our
profound gratitude to Mr. S. Chattopadhyay (Deputy General Manager),
Mr. M. Pandey (Deputy Manager), Mr. D.S. Rautray (Senior Engineer),
Mr. S. Gupta (Engineer), Mr. R.K. Singh (Junior engineer), Mr. J. Dutta
(Junior Engineer), Mr. B.K. Das (Technician), Miss S.Paul who have
guided us properly and have been the constant source of inspiration during
our project. We are deeply thankful to all of them for providing us
invaluable suggestion and encouragement for the completion of our project.

SUBRATA SARKER-GURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY,KOLKATA

DEBOMITRA SINHA-GURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY,KOLKATA

PRATYAYA ACHARYA-GURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY,KOLKATA

STREAM: APPLIED ELECTRONICS AND

INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

PRADIP KUMAR GHOSH-KALYANI GOVT. ENGG. COLLEGE

STREAM: ELECTRICAL ENGG.
iii

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Subrata Sarker, Debomitra Sinha,
Pratyaya Acharya of GURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY, KOLKATA and Pradip Kumar Ghosh of
KALYANI GOVT. ENGG. COLLEGE has successfully
completed their project on An overview of the extra high
voltage substation at Subhasgram 400/220kv substation, of
Power Grid Corporation of India Limited from 02/06/2011 to
01/07/2011

Mr. M. Pandey

Mr. D.S. Rautray

Deputy Manager

Senior Engineer

Power Grid Corporation

Power Grid Corporation

Of India Limited

Of India Limited
iv

CONTENTS
1. An overview of Powergrid Corporation of India limited............................01
2. Milestones achieved by Powergrid through years......................................01
3. Introduction to an EHV substation.............................................................02
4. Single line diagram (SLD)..........................05
5. Different layouts of substations...07
6. Switchyard detailing
A. Feeders, bus, bus bar....12
B. Inter connected transformer (ICT)...................................................13
C. Current transformer (CT)..................................................................20
D. Capacitive voltage transformer (CVT).........23
E. SF6 Circuit breaker...........................................................................27
F. Isolator..................................................32
G. Lighting arrester...............................................................................35
H. Wave trap.........................................................................................38
I. Power line carrier communication.......39
J. Reactor.............................................................................................40
7. Auxiliary switchyard components..42
8. Relays & protection detailing.....................................................................45
A. Transformer protection.........................50
B. Transmission line & lighting protection.......54
6. Conclusion.................................................................................................55
7. Bibliography..............................................................................................56