NURSING INFORMATICS

Prepared by:

Dr. Donna Lou E. Neri

 During the course of any day, nurses handle large amounts of DATA and INFORMATION and apply KNOWLEDGE
This is true to all nurses, whether they provide direct care or serve as administrators, educators, researchers, etc...

What are DATA?

A collection of numbers, characters, or facts gathered according to some perceived need for analysis and possibly action at a later point in time A single datum is meaningless, but a collection of data can be examined for patterns and structure that can be interpreted

Information is data that have been interpreted.

EXAMPLE: Temperature of 38 degrees centigrade

TEMPERATURE
38.5 38 37.5 37 TEMPERATURE

8:00 AM

10:00 12:00 AM PM

2:00 PM

4:00 PM

6:00 PM

8:00 PM

Knowledge is...
synthesis of information derived from several sources to produce a single concept or idea
based on a logical process of analysis and provides order to thoughts and ideas and decreases uncertainty

WISDOM...
Occurs when knowledge is used appropriately to manage and solve problems

It results from understanding and requires human effort Comes from cumulative experiences

DATA INFORMATION KNOWLEDGE WISDOM

 Current demands for safer, cost-effective, quality care require evidence of the best

practices supported by research

Computers and information technology (IT)

provide tools that aid data collection and the analysis associated with research to support the overall work of nurses.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT)

refer to the management and processing of information with the assistance of computers

Informatics

Process, manage, & analyze data

Add to scientific foundation of nursing

Improved patient care

NURSING SCIENCE

The NURSE as a knowledge worker!

Advancements in knowledge, skills, interventions and drugs are growing at an exponential rate Increase in acuity level of clients

Task-based

Knowledgebased

CRITICAL THINKING

CRITICAL SYNTHESIS

Roles of nurses during the course of client care:

Data gatherer Information user Knowledge user

Knowledge builder

Good information management

ensures access to the right information at the right time to the people who need it

particularly important when the volume of information exceeds human processing capacity

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT is...

Refers to the creation of systems that enable organizations to tap into the knowledge, experiences, and creativity of their staff to improve their performance

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT is...

Structured process for the generation, storage, distribution, and application of both tacit knowledge (personal experience) and explicit knowledge (evidence) in organizations

informatics
First coined (1957) by German computer scientist, Karl Steinbuch, as Informatik followed by Phillippe Dreyfus in 1962 as Informatique further translated into Informatics by Walter F. Bauer

the term informatics combined the terms information and automation to name automatic information processing

 The combination of informat with the suffix ics broadened the definition to address the actual science and inherent theories of information and information processing INFORMATICS is the science and art of turning data into information

History of Nursing Informatics

Florence Nightingale has been recognized as an early informatics nurse because of her use of data to inform knowledge and change nursing practices. In 1863 she wrote:
In attempting to arrive at the truth, I have applied everywhere for information, but in scarcely an instance have I been able to obtain hospital records fit for any purpose of comparisonif wisely used, these improved statistics would tell us more of the relative value of particular operations and modes of treatment than we have any means of obtaining at present. They would enable us, besides, to ascertain the influence of the hospital upon the general course of operations and diseases passing through its wards; and the truth thus ascertained would enable us to save life and suffering, and to improve the treatment and management of the sick and maimed poor.

NURSING INFORMATICS (ANA, 2007)

a specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom into nursing practice

NURSING INFORMATICS (ANA, 2007)

facilitates the integration of data, information, knowledge, and wisdom to support patients, nurses, and other providers in their decision making in all roles and settings

In 1996, Turley introduced a model that accurately illustrates the intersection of the sciences that contribute to nursing informatics, adding cognitive science to Graves and Corcorans definition to include such topics as problem-solving, memory, language processing, mental models and visual attention

TIGER Initiative
Technology Informatics Guiding Education Reform (2007) Nursing must transform itself as a profession to realize the benefits that electronic patient records can provide

NURSES- to provide safer, higher quality patient care through the use of IT

TIGER Initiative
Redesign nursing education to: keep up with rapid changes in technology

active participation by nurses in the design of informatics tools

Increased visibility by nurses in the national health IT agenda

Entry-level core competencies for the beginning NURSE

Scope and Standards of NI Practice (ANA, 2007) Basic computer literacy, use basic desktop applications and electronic communication Use IT to support clinical and administrative processes (evidence-based practice) Access data and perform documentation via computerized patient records Support patient safety initiatives via use of IT Recognize role of informatics in nursing

The Informatics Nurse

Has advance preparation in information management and possesses the following skills (ANA, 2007): Proficiency with informatics applications to support all areas of nursing practice including quality improvement activities, research, project management, system design, development, analysis, implementation, support, maintenance, and evaluation Fiscal management Integration of multidisciplinary language/standards of practice Skills in critical thinking, data management and processing, decision making, and system development and computer skills Identification and provision of data for decision making

To err is human
Nearly 15 million instances of medical harm (US)

The push for patient safety...

Current problems related to patient care: Look-alike, sound-alike medications Patient identification Communication during patient hand-over Correct procedure and body site Electrolyte solution concentration Medication accuracy Catheter and tubing misconnections Needle reuse and injection devise safety Hand hygiene

IT utilization in NURSING

APPLICATIONS OF NURSING INFORMATICS

1. Nursing Practice
2. Nursing Administration

3. Nursing Education
4. Nursing Research

Snack time!