Understanding and Using English Grammar, 4 Edition

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Chapter 17: Adverb Clauses Worksheet 1. Reading: Taking Care of the Common Cold Read the passage about the common cold based on information from the Mayo Clinic. Then review the glossary and complete the exercises that follow it.
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If you catch a cold, you can expect to be sick for about a week. But that doesn't mean you have to be miserable. These remedies may help your symptoms. Water and other fluids. As soon as your symptoms begin, start drinking a lot of liquids. Water, juice, clear broth, and warm lemon water with honey help loosen congestion and prevent dehydration. Even if you are used to drinking coffee and caffeinated sodas, avoid them when you have a cold since these particular drinks make dehydration worse. Salt water. If you have a sore throat, a saltwater gargle may temporarily relieve the soreness. Dissolve 1/2 teaspoon of salt in an 8-ounce glass of warm water and gargle with the solution several times a day. Saline nasal sprays. Because they combat stuffiness and congestion, over-the-counter saline nasal sprays are good to use. Most nasal sprays are safe and non-irritating, even for children. Chicken soup. You should add hot chicken soup to your list of liquids, now that researchers have found scientific evidence that chicken soup really does relieve cold and flu symptoms. When researchers compared homemade chicken soup with canned versions, they found that most canned chicken soups worked just as well as soups made from scratch. Over-the-counter cold medications. Non-prescription decongestants and pain relievers offer some symptom relief, even though they won't prevent a cold or shorten its duration. Humidity. Since cold viruses thrive in dry conditions, colds are more common in winter when the air is dry. Dry air also dries your nasal membranes, causing a stuffy nose and scratchy throat. A humidifier can add moisture to your home, but it can also add mold, fungi, and bacteria if not cleaned properly. Dont use a humidifier unless you change the water in it daily and clean the unit at least once every three days.

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Chapter 17: Adverb Clauses Worksheet 1 (page 2)

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Many people believe that vitamin C, Echinacea, or zinc may be helpful, but scientists dont know yet whether or not this is true. Researchers have concluded that among the treatments that dont work are antibiotics (although they destroy bacteria, they are no help at all against cold viruses), antihistamines, and over-the-counter cough syrups. Recently, doctors and health officials have been reminding the public to take this precaution: Wash your hands frequently and well after you have been in public places and before you touch your face or any food or drink. If you do this, you might actually avoid catching a cold, as hand-washing is the most effective preventive action against colds. In case you do catch a cold, though, take these steps and continue them until your symptoms subside: rest, drink fluids, gargle, use a saline nasal solution, and keep the air around you moist. Although colds are usually minor, having one can make you feel miserable.

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Glossary
Line 4 Line 7 Line 9 Line 16 Line 17 Line 21 Line 22 Line 22 Line 24 Line 24 Line 24 broth clear soup gargle washing inside your mouth and throat by blowing air through water or medicine in the back of your throat solution a liquid mixture from scratch make something without using anything that already existed or was prepared beforehand over the counter available without a prescription mold a soft gray, green or black substance that grows on old food fungi plural of fungus, a simple type of plant without leaves or flowers which grows on other plants bacteria very small living things, some of which cause illness or disease vitamin C a vitamin that is also known as ascorbic acid Echinacea a wild purple or white flower commonly found in the U.S. It is often used as an herb or a medicine. zinc a chemical element whose symbol is Zn

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Understanding and Using English Grammar, 4 Edition

Vocabulary Worksheets th

Chapter 17: Adverb Clauses Worksheet 1 (page 3) Comprehension practice Check all the completions that are correct, according to the reading. Some sentences have more than one correct completion.
1. Some good treatments for the symptoms of colds are _____. a. b. drinking a lot of liquids gargling with salt water c. d. drinking a lot of coffee taking antihistamines

2. Salt water is good to _____. a. b. drink wash with c. d. gargle with shampoo with

3. A nasal spray helps your _____. a. b. eyes mouth c. d. nose stomach

4. Additional things that have been proven to relieve cold symptoms are _____. a. b. chicken soup over-the-counter cough syrups c. d. humidity vitamin C

5. Some helpful over-the-counter items could be _____. a. b. decongestants pain relievers c. d. dry air nasal membranes

6. You should wash your hands _____. a. b. after lunch and dinner before you touch food c. d. after you have been in public places before you go to public places

7. Its good to wash your hands _____. a. b. because it helps prevent colds since it makes you feel better c. d. even though its useless as soon as you get sick

8. Colds _____. a. b. are usually very serious last about a week c. d. can make you feel miserable should be treated with antibiotics

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Understanding and Using English Grammar, 4 Edition

Vocabulary Worksheets th

Chapter 17: Adverb Clauses Worksheet 2. Definition practice Write the letters of the correct completions in the blanks.
1. In Line 2, miserable means ____. a. poor b. mean 2. In Line 4, loosen is the opposite of ____. a. improve b. tighten c. very uncomfortable c. enlarge

3. In Line 4, congestion refers to a lot of ____ material in the nasal passages. a. gassy b. solid c. liquid 4. In Line 5, dehydration occurs when something has too little ____. a. food b. water c. rest 5. In Line 10, combat means ____. a. contain b. suffer from c. fight

6. In Line 10, stuffiness means that it is difficult to ____. a. breathe b. eat c. drink 7. In Line 15, versions mean ____. a. plates b. types 8. In Line 17, decongestants are supposed to ____. a. make you sleepy b. clear your nose c. drinks c. relieve your cough

9. In Line 19, viruses are small living things that cause ____. a. dryness b. heat c. sickness 10. In Line 20, membranes are ____. a. thin layers of skin b. noses 11. In Line 21, moisture occurs when things are ____. a. wet b. hot c. congestion c. dry

12. In Line 21, scratchy describes something that is ____. a. big b. dark c. irritated 13. In Line 28, a syrup is a liquid that is similar to honey. It is ____. a. sweet and thick b. bitter c. salty and thin 14. In Line 30, precaution refers to something that _____ another thing from happening. a. helps b. prevents c. causes 15. In Line 34, subside means ____. a. get larger b. get smaller 16. In Line 35, minor means ____. a. very large b. very important c. get hotter c. very small

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Understanding and Using English Grammar, 4 Edition

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Chapter 17: Adverb Clauses Worksheet 3. Vocabulary practice: Opposites Complete the sentences. Write the letter of the word(s) in Column B that is the opposite of the bold word(s) in Column A. Column A
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. The opposite of minor is ____. The opposite of loosen is ____. The opposite of miserable is ____. The opposite of humidity is ____. The opposite of subside is ____. The opposite of over the counter is ____. The opposite of from scratch is ____. The opposite of prevent is ____. The opposite of temporary is ____. The opposite of thrive is ____.

Column B
a. dryness b. major c. cause d. already made e. worsen f. prescription g. comfortable h. permanent i. increase

j. tighten

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Understanding and Using English Grammar, 4 Edition

Vocabulary Worksheets th

Chapter 17: Adverb Clauses

Answer Key
Worksheet 1 1. a, b 2. c 3. c 4. a, c Worksheet 2 1. c. very uncomfortable 2. b. tighten 3. c. liquid 4. b. water 5. c. fight 6. a. breathe 7. b. types 8. b. clear your nose Worksheet 3 1. b. major 2. j. tighten 3. g. comfortable 4. a. dryness 5. i. increase Worksheet 4 1. made it from scratch 2. loosen my belt 3. have bad congestion in my nose

5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

a, b b. c a b, c c. sickness a. thin layers of skin a. wet c. irritated a. sweet and thick b. prevents b. get smaller c. very small

6. f. prescription 7. d. already made 8. c. cause 9. h. permanent 10. e. worsen

4. is available over the counter 5. gargle with warm saltwater 6. take this precaution

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Understanding and Using English Grammar, 4 Edition

Vocabulary Worksheets th

Chapter 17: Adverb Clauses

Word List
antihistamine bacteria breathe broth combat congestion cough decongestant dehydration Echinacea enlarge from scratch fungi, fungus gargle humidity increase liquid loosen major membrane minor miserable moisture mold nasal over the counter pain reliever permanent precaution prevent scratchy shampoo solution sore throat spray stuffiness subside syrup temporary thrive tighten treatment version virus vitamin C worsen zinc

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