WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT FORMAT 1.

0:INTRODUCTION OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE

Open-source software (OSS) is computer software that is available in source code form: the source codeand certain other rights normally reserved for copyright holders are provided under a software license that permits users to study, change, improve and at times also to distribute the software. Open source software is very often developed in a public, collaborative manner. Open-source software is the most prominent example of open-source development and often compared to (technically defined) user-generated content or (legally defined) open content movements.
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HARDWARE
Hardware is a general term for the physical artifacts of a technology. It may also mean the physicalcomponents of a computer system, in the form of computer hardware. Hardware historically meant the metal parts and fittings that were used to make wooden products stronger, more functional, longer lasting and easier to fabricate or assemble.[citation needed] Modern hardware stores typically sell equipment such as keys, locks, hinges, latches, corners, handles,wire, chains, plumbing supplies, tools, utensils, cutlery and machine parts, especially when they are made of metal.

SOFTWARE
Computer software, or just software, is a collection of computer programs and related data that provide the instructions for telling a computer what to do and how to do it. In other words, software is a conceptual entity which is a set of computer programs, procedures, and associated documentation concerned with the operation of a data processing system. We can also say software refers to one or more computer programs and data held in the storage of the computer for some purposes. In other words software is a set of programs, procedures, algorithms and its documentation. Programsoftware performs the function of the program it implements, either by directly providing instructions to the computer hardware or by serving as input to another piece of software. The term was coined to contrast to the old term hardware (meaning physical devices). In contrast to hardware, software is intangible, meaning it "cannot be touched".[1] Software is also sometimes used in a more narrow sense, meaning application software only. Sometimes the term includes data that has not traditionally been associated with computers, such as film, tapes, and records.[2]

2.0:THE LATEST OPEN SOURCE OPERATING SYSTEM (OS)

2.1:MEANING OF OPEN SOURCE OS

Open Source Operating System is any operating system that is free to use and which provides the original code where the source code is available (under a copyright license) to the public, which enables them to use, modify / enhance the operating system, and redistribute the modified (or unmodified) form of the operating system. The advance user can modify the code of the operating system to make it works better for them in starting the computer or a likely user interface.

2.2:EXAMPLE OFOPEN SOURCE OS 1.LINUX

Linux is one of the most prominent examples of free software and open source development; its underlying source code can be modified, used, and redistributed by anyone, freely.[1] The Linux kernel was first released to the public on 17 September 1991, for the Intel x86 PC architecture. The kernel was augmented with system utilities and libraries from the GNU project to create a usable operating system, which later led to the alternate term GNU/Linux.[2] Linux is now packaged for different uses in Linux distributions, which contain the kernel along with a variety of other software packages tailored to requirements. Predominantly known for its use in servers, Linux has gained the support of corporations such as IBM,[3] Sun Microsystems,[4] Hewlett-Packard,[5] and Novell,[6] and is used as an operating system for a wide variety of computer hardware, including desktop computers, supercomputers,[7] and embedded devices such as cellphones and routers.

2.MINIX 3
MINIX 3 is a new open-source operating system designed to be highly reliable, flexible, and secure. It is loosely based somewhat on previous versions of MINIX, but is fundamentally different in many key ways. MINIX 1 and 2 were intended as teaching tools; MINIX 3 adds the new goal of being usable as a serious system on resource-limited and embedded computers and for applications requiring high reliability This new OS is extremely small, with the part that runs in kernel mode under 6000 lines of executable code. The parts that run in user mode are divided into small modules, well insulated from one another. For example, each device driver runs as a separate user-mode process so a bug in a driver (by far the biggest source of bugs in any operating system), cannot bring down the entire OS. In fact, most of the time when a driver crashes it is automatically replaced without requiring any user intervention, without requiring rebooting, and without affecting running programs. These features, the tiny amount of kernel code, and other aspects greatly enhance system reliability.

3.0:THE LATEST OPEN SOURCE APPLICATION SOFTWARE

3.1:MEANING OF OPEN SOURCE APPLICATION SOFTWARE

Open source application software is computer software that is available in source code form for which the source code and certain other rights normally reserved for copyright holders are provided under a software license that permits users to study, change, and improve the software. Open source licenses often meet the requirements of the Open Source Definition. Some open source application software is available within the public domain. Open source application software is very often developed in a public, collaborative manner. Open source application software is the most prominent example of open source development and often compared to user-generated content or open content movements. The term open source application software originated as part of a marketing campaign for free application software.

3.2:EXAMPLE OF OPEN SOURCE APPLICATION SOFTWARE

OpenOffice.org A free office suite of applications available for many different operating systems including Linux, Microsoft Windows, Solaris, OpenVMS, IRIX and Mac OS X. It supports the OpenDocument standard for data interchange. OpenOffice.org is based on StarOffice, an office suite developed by StarDivision and acquired by Sun Microsystems in August 1999. The source code of the suite was released in July 2000 with the aim of reducing the dominant market share of Microsoft Office by providing a free, open and high-quality alternative. OpenOffice.org is free software, available under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL). The project and software are informally referred to as "Open Office", but project organizers report that this term is a trademark held by another party, requiring them to adopt "OpenOffice.org" as its formal name, and abbreviated as OOo or OO.o KOffice A free, integrated office suite for KDE, the K Desktop Environment. KOffice is an integrated office suite for the KDE (K Desktop Environment) consisting of several applications like for examples a word processor (KWord) and a spread sheet (KSpread). Based on the KParts component model, KOffice offers a lot of interoperability between all its components. For example, you can embed every KOffice component into another component (for example a KSpread table into your KWord document.) KOffice is an open-source project and completely free. All licences are GPL-compatible, mostly GPL or LGPL version 2. Apart exceptions, libraries and filters are mostly LGPL, while applications are LGPL or GPL.

4.0:THE LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN ICT

4.1:HARDWARE
Wireless Keyboard 3000. Wireless Keyboard 300 have 2.4 GHz wireless technology which confident connection out of the box and with up to a 45-foot range. Beside that, it also have quiet-touch keys which quiet, responsive, and thin-profile keys.It is available with soft-touch palm rest which has some benefits like we will get better comfortable which support when we type with the plush, integrated palm rest. Its spill-resistant design is integrated water channels drain the liquid away. It also has media center which can control media playback from our keyboard. Some hot key that it have are one-touch access to Windows Media Player, e-mail, Home, calculator, My Documents, zoom instant massaging and photos. Compare with Wired Desktop 600, this keyboard have media center with four hot keys to let we control the mostused media activities like play house, volume up, volume down, and mute. Beside that, it also have calculator hot keys which has a function to quickly access the calculator if we touch its button. Its spillresistant design is use to enjoy a drink while we work. This keyboard is designed to withstand an accidentall spill. We can press to launch our Start menu and search our PC or the Web if we have Windows Vista installed. No software are needed in plug and play. We just connect the keyboard to our PC and go! Its optical technology is navistigate with better speed, accuracy and realibility. The optical sensor tracks movement on nearly any surface without the hassle of clogged mouse parts.

4.2:SOTWARE
GNOME 2.26 is the latest version of the GNOME Desktop, a popular, multi-platform desktop environment for your computer. GNOME focus is easy to use, stability, and first class internasionalisation and accessibility support. GNOME is free and open source software and provides all of the common tools computer users expect of a modern computing environment, such as e-mail, groupware, web browsing, file management, multimedia, and games. Furthermore, GNOME provides a flexible and powerful platform for software developers, both on the desktop and in mobile application. The GNOME desktop is released every six month and contains many new features, improvement, bug fixes, and translations. GNOME 2.26 continues this tradition. To learn more about GNOME and the qualities that distinguish it from other computer desktop environments (such as usability, accessibility, internationalization, and freedom) visit the about GNOME page on our website. Join us today and see what a difference that you can make. GNOME 2.26 includes all of the improvements made in GNOME 2.24 and earlier. You can learn about the changes that happened in GNOME 2.24 from its release notes.

5.0:PREVASIVE COMPUTING

5.1:MEANING OF PREVASIVE COMPUTING

Pervasive computing is refers to the use of computers in everyday life, including PDAs, smartphones and other mobile devices. It also refers to computers contained in commonplace objects such as cars and appliances and implies that people are unaware of their presence. One of the Holy Grails of this environment is that all these devices communicate with each other over wireless networks without any interaction required by the users. The two examples of the pervasive computing are Nokia E51 and Nokia E55.

5.2:EXAMPLE OF PERVASIVE COMPUTING

The Nokia E51 is a GSM/WCDMA dual mode hand portable phone supporting EGSM 850/900/1800/1900, WCDMA 850/2100, HSDPA, WLAN, and VoIP. Nokia E51 features include a 2 QVGA (240 x 320 pixels) 16M color display and an integrated 2 Megapixel camera with digital zoom, MMS 1.2, web browsing and A2DP support for Bluetooth 2.0 stereo headsets.It has many local connectivity like Bluetooth 2.0+EDR, Bluetooth Stereo Audio, Infrared, Mini USB, Nokia AV 2.5mm, USB 2.0, USB Cable Nokia DKE-2, USB Mass Storage and WLAN. Its WLAN supports are 802.11 b/g, WEP,WPA, and WPA2 (AES/TKIP). Its also has bluetooths profile like A2DP, AVRCP, BIP, DUN, FTP, GAVDP, GOEP, HFP, HSP, OPP, and SAP. Nokia E55 has 116 x 49 x 9.9 mm, 54 cc in dimension and 98 g in weight. It comes in Black Aluminum, White Aluminum, and Red in colour with standby up battery to 672 h (2G) / 432 h (3G). It has talk time up to 8 h (2G) / 6 h (3G) with music play up to 18 h. It has GPS with integrated 3-month license for turn-byturn navigation, even a fun gaming experience with N-Gage. In its operating system Symbian OS, S60 rel. 3.2, it also has CPU with ARM 11 600 MHz processor. Beside that, it available with 2G network like GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900 and 3G network like HSDPA 900 / 1900 / 2100. Nokia E55 come from Class 32 in GPRS. Its also has others benefit like HSDPA 850 / 1900 / 2100 for US and browser WAP 2.0/xHTML, HTML with messaging like SMS, MMS, and Email.

6.0:CONCLUSION
Today, most preschools and middle-class homes have a computer. Nikhil started at one, but today tenmonth-old infants sit at the computer with mum or dad as part of the interactive parent-child programme at school.

REFERENCES
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenOffice.org)

http://mbarhanudin.blogspot.com/2011/04/pervasive-computing.html

NAME: AMINAH AQILAH BINTI ABIMAYU CLASS: 5TM IC.NO: 940213-01-5792

TITLE: THE LATEST OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE AVAILABLE AND THE LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN ICT