Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) came into existence on 1st October 1964.

The Company was Manufacturing Depot, Kanpur.It is establish in dec. 1940,and founded by Shri Walchand Hirachand. The Company traces its roots to the pioneering efforts of an industrialist with extraordinary vision, the late Seth Walchand Hirachand, who set up Hindustan Aircraft Limited at Bangalore in association with the erstwhile princely State of Mysore in December 1940. The Government of India became a shareholder in March 1941 and took over the Management in 1942. Today, HAL has 19 Production Units and 10 Research and Design Centres in 8 locations in India. The Company has an impressive product track record - 15 types of aircrafts/Helicopters manufactured with inhouse R & D and 14 types produced under license. HAL has manufactured over 3658

Aircrafts/Helicopters , 4178 engines, Upgraded 272 aircraft and overhauled over 9643 aircraft and 29775 engines. HAL has been successful in numerous R & D programs developed for both Defence and Civil Aviation sectors. HAL has made substantial progress in its current projects :

Advanced Light Helicopter Weapon System Integration (ALH-WSI) Tejas - Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Intermediate Jet Trainer (IJT) Light Combat Helicopter (LCH)

Various military and civil upgrades.

Dhruv was delivered to the Indian Army, Navy, Air Force and the Coast Guard in March 2002, in the very first year of its production, a unique achievement. HAL has played a significant role for India's space programs by participating in the manufacture of structures for Satellite Launch Vehicles like

PSLV (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle) GSLV (Geo-synchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle)

IRS (Indian Remote Satellite) INSAT (Indian National Satellite)

Apart from these, other major diversification projects are Industrial Marine Gas Turbine and Airport Services. HAL has formed the following Joint Ventures (JVs) :

BAeHAL Software Limited Indo-Russian Aviation Limited (IRAL)

Snecma-HAL Aerospace Pvt Ltd SAMTEL-HAL Display System Limited HALBIT Avionics Pvt Ltd HAL-Edgewood Technologies Pvt Ltd INFOTECH-HAL Ltd TATA-HAL Technologies Ltd

HATSOFF Helicopter Training Pvt Ltd International Aerospace Manufacturing Pvt Ltd Multi Role Transport aircraft Ltd

Several Co-production and Joint Ventures with international participation are under consideration. HAL's supplies / services are mainly to Indian Defence Services, Coast Guards and Border Security Forces. Transport Aircraft and Helicopters have also been supplied to Airlines as well as State Governments of India. The Company has also achieved a foothold in export in more than 30 countries, having demonstrated its quality and price competitiveness.

HAL has won several International & National Awards for achievements in R&D, Technology, Managerial Performance, Exports, Energy Conservation, Quality and Fulfillment of Social Responsibilities.

Golden Award for Quality and Business Prestige from Otherways Management Association Club, France International Aerospace Awards (instituted by SAP Media Worldwide Ltd) as mark of recognition to the Indian Industry for excellence in innovation, indigenous technology and entrepreneurship under the following categories: Outstanding contribution to the Defence Industry. Most Influential Company of the year

Excellence in Indigenous Technology Excellence in Exports

Divisional level: Foundry & Forge Division, Bangalore : Casting of the Year 2010 award to Main Gear Box
(MGB) casting of ALH from the Institute of Indian Foundrymen

Aerospace Division, Bangalore: Runner-Up in Viswakarma Rashtriya Puraskar and National Safety Award 2008 instituted by Ministry of Labour Industries, Government of India.

Engine Division (Bangalore Complex) : A Commendation for Large Scale Manufacturing IndustryEngineering & Others for Rajiv Gandhi National Quality Awards 2009, instituted by Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi. Avionics Division, Korwa: IMTMA-SIEMENS Productivity Championship Award for excellence and outstanding work in the area of productivity Some of the prestigious Awards received during last 5 years are:

Conferred NAVRATNA status by the Government of India on 22nd June 2007

Raksha Mantri's Awards for Excellence for the years 2006-07, 2007-08 and 2008-09, HAL was conferred with the Raksha Mantri's Awards for Excellence as follows: 2006-07: i) Division/Factory Award 2007-08: i) Institutional Award 2008-09: : Excellence in Performance : Transport Aircraft Division, Kanpur ii) Group/Individual Awards : Design Effort Awards for TARDC, Kanpur

i) Institutional Award

: Best Performance in Exports

HAL was awarded the MoU Excellence Award for the years 2004-05, 2005-06, 2006-07, 2007-08 and 2008-09.

The Company scaled new heights in the financial year 2009-10 with a turnover of Rs.11,457 Crores.

 Hindustan Aeronautics Limited. All rights reserved

Services provided by the Helicopter Division The Helicopter Division offers service to customers on

Upgrade of Helicopters Development of modifications to introduce new systems to improve performance and make the helicopters more efficient and cost-effective Development of modifications as desired by the Customers

Maintenance of civil helicopters In-situ and in-house repairs of helicopters Scheduled and unscheduled servicing of helicopters Supply of spares against AOG demands and on clean exchange basis for civil helicopters Supply of Ground Handling and Ground Service Equipment

Assistance in Investigations of Accidents/incidents and Defects Life Extension Studies Technical support in the form of answers to Technical queries and Defect Investigations Training in spares management, ab-initio and conversion training of Pilots, training of Engineers and Workmen for the maintenance of helicopters through in-plant training courses, maintenance workshops and operators' conferences Technical services like issue of amendments to the Product Literature including Illustrated Parts Catalogue (IPC), Flight Manuals, Maintenance Manuals, Overhaul Manuals and Repair Manuals

The Helicopter Division has undertaken major servicing of more than 200 Helicopters and has developed more than 110 modifications in Chetak and 57 modifications in Cheetah to provide for indigenously developed equipment and to cater to new requirement of the Customers. Cat `B' repairs also have been carried out on more than 75 Helicopters for various Customers.

The Helicopter Division is also the maintenance agency for some of the Civil Helicopters and carries out the T1/T2 inspection on schedule. The Division has equipped the Chetak Helicopters of the Indian Navy for MATCH role as well as for the arduous Antarctica missions.

About us Products Services Outsourcing Contact Us

Flight Data Recorders

The flight data recorder (FDR) is designed to record the operating data from the plane's systems. There are sensors that are wired from various areas on the plane to the flight-data acquisition unit, which is wired to the FDR. When a switch is turned on or off, that operation is recorded by the FDR.

In the United States, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) requires that commercial airlines record a minimum of 11 to 29 parameters, depending on the size of the aircraft. Magnetic-tape recorders have the potential to record up to 100 parameters. Solid-state FDRs can record more than 700 parameters. On July 17, 1997, the FAA issued a Code of Federal Regulations that requires the recording of at least 88 parameters on aircraft manufactured after August 19, 2002. Here are a few of the parameters recorded by most FDRs:
Time Pressure altitude

Airspeed Vertical acceleration Magnetic heading Control-column position Rudder-pedal position Control-wheel position Horizontal stabilizer

Fuel flow

Solid-state recorders can track more parameters than magnetic tape because they allow for a faster data flow. Solid-state FDRs can store up to 25 hours of flight data. Each additional parameter that is recorded by the FDR gives investigators one more clue about the cause of an accident.

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Flight data recorder

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. (Consider using more specific clean up instructions.) Please improve this article if you can. The talk page may contain suggestions.

(March 2009)

It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into flight recorder. (Discuss) Proposed since June 2009.

It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Black box (transportation). (Discuss) Proposed since October 2009.

It has been suggested that Quick access recorder be merged into this article or section. (Discuss) Proposed since November 2008.

An example of a flight data recorder; the underwater locator beacon is the small cylinder on the far right. (English translation of warning message: FLIGHT RECORDER DO NOT OPEN)

Flight data recorder and cockpit voice recorder

A flight data recorder (FDR) (also ADR, for accident data recorder) is an electronic device employed to record any instructions sent to any electronic systems on an aircraft. It is a device used to record specific aircraft performance parameters. Another kind of flight recorder is the cockpit voice recorder (CVR), which records conversation in the cockpit, radio communications between the cockpit crew and others (including conversation with air traffic control personnel), as well as ambient sounds. In this both functions have been combined into a single unit. The current applicable FAA TSO is C124b titled Flight Data Recorder Systems.[1]

Popularly referred to as a "black box", the data recorded by the FDR is used for accident investigation, as well as for analyzing air safety issues, material degradation and engine performance. Due to their importance in investigating accidents, these ICAO-regulated devices are carefully engineered and stoutly constructed to withstand the force of a high speed impact and the heat of an intense fire. Contrary to the "black box" reference, the exterior of the FDR is coated with heat-resistant bright orange paint for high visibility in wreckage, and the unit is usually mounted in the aircraft's empennage (tail section), where it is more likely to survive a severe crash. Following an accident, the recovery of the FDR is usually a high priority for the investigating body, as analysis of the recorded parameters can often detect and identify causes or contributing factors.[2]

Contents
[hide] 1 History 2 Design 3 Future devices 4 See also

5 Notes 6 External links 6.1 General information 6.2 Dr David Warren

[edit] History
As with many successful people that made devices, probably no single person could be credited with the invention of the flight data recorder. However, one of the earliest and proven attempts was made by Franois Hussenot and Paul Beaudouin in 1939 at the Marignane flight test center, France, with their "type HB" flight recorder. This was an essentially photograph-based device, because the record was made on a scrolling eight meters long by 88 milimeters wide photographic film. The latent image was made by a thin ray of light deviated by a mirror tilted according to the magnitude of the data to record (altitude, speed, etc.).[3][4] A pre-production run of 25 "HB" recorders was ordered in 1941 and HB recorders remained in use in French test

centers well into the seventies[5] In 1947, Hussenot, Beaudouin and associate Marcel Ramolfo founded the Socit Franaise d'Instruments de Mesure (SFIM) to market their design. This company went on to become a major supplier of data recorders, used not only aboard aircraft but also trains and other vehicles. SFIM is today part of the Safran group and is still present on the flight recorder market. The advantage of the film technology was that it could be easily developed afterwards and provides a durable, visual feedback of the flight parameters without needing any playback device. On the other hand, unlike magnetic bands or later flash memory-based technology, a photographic film cannot be erased and recycled, and so it must be changed periodically. As

such, this technology was reserved for one-shot uses, mostly during planned test flights; and it was not mounted aboard civilian aircraft during routine commercial flights. Also, the cockpit conversation was not recorded. Another form of flight data recorder was developed in the UK during World War II. Len Harrison and Vic Husband developed a unit that could withstand a crash and fire to keep the flight data intact. This unit used copper foil as the recording medium with various styli indicating various instruments / aircraft controls which indented the copper foil. The copper foil was periodically advanced at set periods of time therefore giving a history of the instruments /control settings of the aircraft. This unit was developed at Farnborough for the Ministry of Aircraft

Production. At the wars end the Ministry got Harrison and Husband to sign over their invention to them and the Ministry patented it under British patent 19330/45. This unit was the forerunner of today's black boxes being able to withstand conditions that aircrew could not. The first prototype coupled FDR/CVR designed with civilian aircraft in mind, for explicit postcrash examination purposes, was produced in 1956 by Dr. David Warren of the Defence Science and Technology Organisation's Aeronautical Research Laboratories in Melbourne, Australia.[6] In 1953 and 1954, a series of fatal accidents involving the de Havilland Comet prompted the grounding of the entire fleet pending an investigation. Dr. Warren, a chemist specializing in aircraft fuels, was involved in a professional committee discussing the possible causes. Since

there had been neither witnesses nor survivors, Dr. Warren conceived of a crash-survivable method to record the flight crew's conversation (and other pre-crash data), reasoning they would greatly assist in determining a cause and enabling the prevention of future, avoidable accidents of the same type. Despite his 1954 report entitled "A Device for Assisting Investigation into Aircraft Accidents" and a 1957 prototype FDR called "The ARL Flight Memory Unit", aviation authorities from around the world were largely uninterested. This changed in 1958 when Sir Robert Hardingham, the Secretary of the British Air Registration Board, visited the ARL and was introduced to Warren.

1962 ARL encoder/recorder units by Lane Sear and Wally Boswell.

The Aeronautical Research Laboratory allocated Dr. Warren an engineering team to develop the prototype to airborne stage. The team, consisting of electronics engineers Lane Sear, Wally Boswell and Ken Fraser developed a working design incorporating a fire and shockproof case, a reliable system for encoding and recording aircraft instrument readings and voice on one wire, and a ground-based decoding device. The ARL system became the "Red Egg", made by the British firm of S. Davall & Son. The "Red Egg" got its name from its shape and bright red color.

In 1960, after the crash of an aircraft at Mackay (Queensland), the inquiry judge strongly recommended that flight recorders be installed in all airliners. Australia then became the first country in the world to make cockpit-voice recording compulsory.[7][8] The origin of the term "Black Box" is uncertain. One explanation comes from the early filmbased design of flight data recorders, which required the inside of the recorder to be perfectly dark to prevent light leaks from corrupting the record, as in a photographer's darkroom.[9] Another explanation of the "black box" name came from a meeting about Warren's "Red Egg", when afterwards a journalist told Dr. Warren, "This is a wonderful black box." The unit itself was based on an EMI Minifon wire recorder (originally a 1950s espionage gadget from the west-

German manufacterer Protona Monske) fitted into a perspex box firmly screwed together.[citation
needed]

[edit] Design
The design of today's FDR is governed by the internationally recognized standards and recommended practices relating to flight recorders which are contained in ICAO Annex 6 which makes reference to industry crashworthiness and fire protection specifications such as those to be found in the European Organisation for Civil Aviation Equipment[10] documents EUROCAE ED55, ED56 fiken A and ED112 (Minimum Operational Performance Specification for Crash

Protected Airborne Recorder Systems). In the United States, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulates all aspects of U.S. aviation, and cites design requirements in their Technical Standard Order,[11] based on the EUROCAE documents (as do the aviation authorities of many other countries).

After the crash of Gol Transportes Areos Flight 1907, Brazilian Air Force personnel recover the flight data recorder of PR-GTD, the Boeing 737-8EH used for the flight, in the Amazon Rainforest in Mato Grosso, Brazil.

Currently, EUROCAE specifies that a recorder must be able to withstand an acceleration of 3400 g (33 km/s) for 6.5 milliseconds. This is roughly equivalent to an impact velocity of 270 knots (310 mph) and a deceleration or crushing distance of 450 cm. Additionally, there are

requirements for penetration resistance, static crush, high and low temperature fires, deep sea pressure, sea water immersion, and fluid immersion. Modern day FDRs receive inputs via specific data frames from the Flight Data Acquisition Units (FDAU). They record significant flight parameters, including the control and actuator positions, engine information and time of day. There are 88 parameters required as a minimum under current U.S. federal regulations (only 29 were required until 2002), but some systems monitor many more variables. Generally each parameter is recorded a few times per second, though some units store "bursts" of data at a much higher frequency if the data begins to change quickly. Most FDRs record approximately 1725 hours worth of data in a continuous loop. It is required by

regulations that an FDR verification check (readout) is performed annually in order to verify that all mandatory parameters are recorded. This has also given rise to flight data monitoring programs, whereby flights are analyzed for optimum fuel consumption and dangerous flight crew habits. The data from the FDR is transferred, in situ, to a solid state recording device and then periodically analyzed with some of the same technology used for accident investigations. In other cases the data is downloaded from the aircraft's Quick Access Recorder (Quick access recorder), either by transfer to a portable solid state recording device or by direct upload to the operator's headquarters via radio or satellite.

FDRs are usually located in the rear of the aircraft, typically in the tail. In this position, the entire front of the aircraft is expected to act as a "crush zone" to reduce the shock that reaches the recorder. Also, modern FDRs are typically double wrapped, in strong corrosion-resistant stainless steel or titanium, with high-temperature insulation inside. They are usually bright orange. They are designed to emit a locator beacon for up to 30 days, and can operate immersed to a depth of up to 6,000 meters (20,000 ft).[12][13]

[edit] Future devices

Since the recorders can sometimes be crushed into unreadable pieces, or even located in deep water, some modern units are self-ejecting (taking advantage of kinetic energy at impact to separate themselves from the aircraft) and also equipped with radio and sonar beacons (see underwater locator beacon) to aid in their location.[citation needed] Alternatively, other aircraft such as the Space Shuttle Orbiter do not possess an FDR but instead use down-links to transfer such data.[citation needed] This kind of system could potentially see wider use in aviation in modified form.

On 19 July 2005, the Safe Aviation and Flight Enhancement Act of 2005 was introduced and referred to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the U.S. House of Representatives. This bill would require installation of a second cockpit voice recorder, digital flight data recorder system and emergency locator transmitter that utilizes combination deployable recorder technology in each commercial passenger aircraft, currently required to carry each of those recorders. The deployable recorder system would be ejected from the rear of the aircraft at the moment of an accident. The bill was referred to the Subcommittee on Aviation and has not progressed.

HAL Organisational Structure

Click on any of the teams below to find staff contact details

Anywhere you want them.

Helicopters A helicopter is one of the most convenient and timesaving ways to transfer between the city and airport, alternatively an easy way to reach remote destinations.

Twin Pistons A economical aircraft range suitable for short distance flights. Aircraft seating capacity ranging from 3 to 8 passengers.

Turboprops A wide range of aircraft suitable for short and medium distance flights with a duration of up to 2-4 hours. Aircraft seating capacity ranging from 4 to 70 passengers.

Executive Jets An Executive Jet is the most time efficient way of travel, suitable for medium or long distance flights. Aircraft seating capacity ranging from 4 to 16 passengers.

Airliners Large jet aircraft suitable for all kinds of flights. Aircraft seating capacity ranging from 50 to 400 passengers. Cargo Aircraft Any type of cargo. Ranging from short notice flights carrying vital spare parts up to large cargo aircraft

that can transport any volumnious goods.

 Hindustan Aeronautics Limited. All rights reserved.

Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (Hindi: ) (HAL) (Hindi: ,) based in Bangalore, India, is one of Asia's largest aerospace companies. Under the management of the Indian Ministry of Defence, this state-owned company is mainly involved in aerospace industry, which includes manufacturing and assembling aircraft, navigation and related communication equipment, as well as operating airports. HAL built the first military aircraft in South Asia and is currently involved in the design, fabrication and assembly of aircraft, jet engines, and helicopters, as well as their components and spares. It has several facilities throughout India including Nasik, Korwa, Kanpur, Koraput,

Lucknow, Bangalore and Hyderabad. The German engineer Kurt Tank designed the HF-24 Marut fighter-bomber, the first fighter aircraft made in India. Hindustan Aeronautics has a long history of collaboration with several other international and domestic aerospace agencies such as Airbus, Boeing, Sukhoi Aviation Corporation, Israel Aircraft Industries, RSK MiG, BAE Systems, Rolls-Royce plc, Dassault Aviation, Dornier Flugzeugwerke, the Indian Aeronautical Development Agency and the Indian Space Research Organisation.

[edit] History

Production line of the HAL Dhruv at Bangalore.

HAL was established as Hindustan Aircraft in Bangalore in 1940 by Walchand Hirachand to produce military aircraft for the Royal Indian Air Force. The initiative was actively encouraged by the Kingdom of Mysore, especially by the Diwan, Sir Mirza Ismail and it also had financial help from the Indian Government. The organisation and equipment for the factory at Banglore was set up by William D. Pawley of the Intercontinental Aircraft Corporation of New York, who

were an exporter of American aircraft to the region. Pawley managed to obtain a large number of machine-tools and equipment from the United States. The Indian Government bought a one-third stake in the company and by April 1941 as it believed this to be a strategic imperative. The decision by the government was primairly motivated to boost British military hardware supplies in Asia to counter the increasing threat posed by Imperial Japan during Second World War. On the 2 April 1942 the government announced that the company had been nationalised when it had bought out the stakes of Walchand Hirachand and other promoters so that it can act freely. The Mysore Kingdom refused

to sell its stake in the company but yielded the management control over to the Indian Government. In 1943 the Bangalore factory was handed over to the United States Army Air Force but still using Hindustan Aircraft management. The factory expanded rapidly and became the centre for major overhaul and repair of American aircraft and was known as the 84th Air Depot. The first aircraft to be overhauled was a PBY Catalina followed by every type of aircraft operated in Indian and Burma. When returned to Indian control two-years later the factory had become one of the largest overhaul and repair organisations in the East.

Prototype in its hangar.

After India gained independence in 1947, the management of the company was passed over to the Government of India and was renamed as Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) on 1 October 1964 when Hindustan Aircraft Limited was merged with the Aircraft manufacturing Depot, Kanpur. Though HAL was not used actively for developing newer models of fighter jets, the company has played a crucial role in modernization of the Indian Air Force. In 1957 company started manufacturing Jet engines (Orpheus) under license from Rolls-Royce at new

factory located in Bangalore. During the 1980s, HAL's operations saw a rapid increase which resulted in the development of new indigenous aircraft such as HAL Tejas and HAL Dhruv. HAL also developed an advanced version of the MiG-21, known as MiG-21 Bison, which increased its life-span by more than 20 years. HAL has also obtained several multi-million dollar contracts from leading international aerospace firms such as Airbus, Boeing and Honeywell to manufacture aircraft spare parts and engines.

[edit] Operations
HAL is one of the largest aerospace companies in Asia with its annual turnover to be running above US$2 billion. More than 40% of HAL's revenues come from international deals to manufacture aircraft engines, spare parts, and other aircraft materials. Below is a partial list of major operations being undertaken by HAL:

[edit] International deals

HAL Dhruv helicopters of the Ecuadorian Air Force in 2009 Aero India.

An IAF BAe Hawk being license-produced at the HAL Hawk production facility in Bangalore. The US$10 billion fifth-generation fighter jet program with the Sukhoi Corporation of Russia.[2][3] US$1 billion contract to manufacture aircraft parts for Boeing.[4]

Multi-role transport aircraft project with Ilyushin of Russia worth US$600 million.
[5]

120 RD-33MK turbofan engines to be manufactured for MiG-29K by HAL for US$250 million.[6] Contract to manufacture 1,000 TPE331 aircraft engines for Honeywell worth US$200,000 each (estimates put total value of deal at US$200 million).[7] US$120 million deal to manufacture Dornier 228 for RUAG of Switzerland.[8] Manufacture of aircraft parts for Airbus SAS worth US$150 million.[9]

US$100 million contract to export composite materials to Israel Aircraft Industries.[10] US$65 million joint-research facility with Honeywell and planned production of Garrett TPE331 engines.[11] US$50.7 million contract to supply Advanced Light Helicopter to Ecuadorian Air Force.[12] HAL will also open a maintenance base in the country.[13] US$30 million contract to supply avionics for Malaysian Su-30MKM.[14] US$20 million contract to supply ambulance version of HAL Dhruv to Peru.[15]

Contract of 3 HAL Dhruv helicopters from Turkey worth US$20 million.[16] US$10 million order from Namibia for HAL Chetak and Cheetah helicopters.[17] Supply of HAL Dhruv helicopters to Mauritius' National Police in a deal worth US$7 million.[18] Unmanned helicopter development project with Israel Aircraft Industries.[19]

[edit] Domestic deals

180 Sukhoi Su-30MKI being manufactured at HAL's facilities in Nasik and Bangalore. The total contract, which also involves Russia's Sukhoi Aerospace, is worth US$3.2 billion. 200 HAL Light Combat Helicopters for Indian Air Force and 500 HAL Dhruv helicopters worth US$5.83 billion. US$900 million aerospace hub in Andhra Pradesh.[20] US$57 million upgrade of SEPECAT Jaguar fleet of the Indian Air Force.[21] US$55 million fighter training school in Bangalore in collaboration with Canada's CAE.[22]

64 MiG-29s to be upgraded by HAL and Russia's MiG Corporation in a program worth US$960 million.[23] Licensed production of 82 BAe Hawk 132.

[edit] In-house developed products

[edit] Fighter aircraft

HAL Tejas HF-24 Marut Mk1 and Mk1T Tejas Light Combat Aircraft Su-30MKI a derivative of Sukhoi Su-27 co-developed with Sukhoi Corporation FGFA under joint-development with the Sukhoi Corporation MCA India's indigenous stealth fighter

[edit] Helicopters

HAL Dhruv of the Indian Army Dhruv Advanced Light Helicopter Light Combat Helicopter (under development) Light Observation Helicopter (under development) Indian Multi-role Helicopter (under development)

[edit] Engines
GTRE GTX-35VS Kaveri- Co-developed with GTRE(DRDO)(under development) PTAE-7- For indegeniously designed Lakshya PTA HAL/Turbomeca Shakti - Co-developed with Turbomeca for HAL Dhruv Helicopter

[edit] Light trainer aircraft

Closeup of a HAL Kiran aircraft. HT-2 HPT-32 Deepak HUL-26 Pushpak HAOP-27 Krishak HA-31 Basant HJT-16 Kiran Mk1, Mk1A and Mk2

HJT-36 Sitara Intermediate Jet Trainer (under development) HAL HTT-40 Basic Trainer (Under proposal)

[edit] Transport aircraft

Saras, developed by HAL and National Aerospace Laboratories. Saras under joint development with the National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) HAL Multirole Transport Aircraft under joint-development with Ilyushin Design Bureau