Pronoun

III.DISCUSSION

PRONOUN-are use as noun substitutes.

Noun John got a new job Children should watch less television Pronoun ~He got a new job ~They should watch less television

Types of pronouns 1.Personal Pronouns-stand in place of the names of people or things. PERSO N Subject forms
SINGULA R

Object forms
SINGULAR

Possessive forms
SINGULAR

PLURA L

PLURA L

PLURAL

FIRST I WE ME US MY/MINE
OUR/OURS

SECON D

YOU

YOU YOU YOU

YOUR/YOUR S

YOUR/YOUR S

THIRD

HE IT

SHE THEY

HIM HER IT

THEM

HER HERS HIS ITS

THEIR THEIRS

Three cases of pronouns : Nominative case-used as a subject/predicate pronoun. Helen and I are first cousins. We girls are interested in dress. Objective case: used as object of the verb/object of preposition. I gave her a gift. This my money was paid to me by the customer. Possessive case: used to show ownership. His house is far from the town proper. The book of his was lost the other day.

Pronoun
2.Reflexive pronouns-reflect the action of the verb on the objects. She herself made the project. The students were enjoying themselves in the shop. 3.Indefinite pronouns-do not refer to any definite nouns yet they take the place of the nouns. Everyone is expected to come to the party tonight. Everything is fine with him and me. 4.Demonstrative pronouns-that points out the nouns they refer to are demonstrative pronouns. Ex.this,these that,those. This is my report on his case. I shall tell you all those things about her. 5.Interogative pronouns-they are used as question.Ex.who what which whom and whose. Which of this ball pen is mine? Whom would you like to be your friend? What did you tell him.

Pronoun and subclass

Pronoun Type Possessive Reflexive Reciprocal Relative Demonstrative Interrogative Indefinite Members of the Subclass
mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves each other, one another that, which, who, whose, whom, where, when this, that, these, those who, what, why, where, when, whatever anything, anybody, anyone, something, somebody, someone, nothing, nobody, none, no one

Example
The white car is mine He injured himself playing football They really hate each other The book that you gave me was really boring This is a new car What did he say to you? There's something in my shoe

Top of FormV.QUIZ

In each of the following sentences a pronoun has been highlighted. What type of pronoun is it?

1. Let's contact one

another once we've made some progress.

Pronoun
a.personal b.reflexive c.possessive d. relative e.reciprocal f. interrogative h.indefinite
2. She wants to do it herself.

a.personal b.reflexive c.possessive d. relative e.reciprocal f. interrogative h.indefinite 3. I can't find them. a.personal b.reflexive c.possessive d. relative e.reciprocal f. interrogative h.indefinite 4. I can't believe it's finally ours. a.personal b.reflexive c.possessive d. relative e.reciprocal f. interrogative h.indefinite
5. The girl who usually cuts my hair has won the lottery.

a.personal b.reflexive c.possessive d. relative e.reciprocal f. interrogative h.indefinite

6. He wants to go to Scarborough.

a.personal b.reflexive c.possessive d. relative e.reciprocal f. interrogative h.indefinite

7. Why are you shouting at me?

a.personal b.reflexive c.possessive d. relative e.reciprocal f. interrogative h.indefinite

8. Jim gave me the last copy.

a.personal b.reflexive c.possessive d. relative e.reciprocal f. interrogative h.indefinite B.IDENTIFY THE CORRECT PRONOUN FOR EACH NUMBER.

1. My grandmother really loved Juan. She left all her money to Federico and _______ . a.he a.him 2. A student in that all-women's college should have no fears about ________ future. her their 3. He was so worried about ________ he should ask to the big dance, that he ended up not asking anyone.

Pronoun
who whom 4. Neither Tashonda nor _____ am responsible for this mess. I me 5. This is a matter for you and _______ to decide.
I me

6. Everybody in this class has completed ________ homework already. his or her their 7. No one on this bus seems to know ______ way around this part of New York City. their his or her

Bottom of Form

Pronoun

Review
Your answers should be:

1. one another is reciprocal

2. herself is reflexive 3. them is personal 4. ours is possessive 5. who is relative 6. He is personal 7. why is interrogative 8. me is personal 9. nobody is indefinite 2. Pronouns are a major subclass of nouns. We call them a subclass of nouns because they can sometimes replace a noun in a sentence: 3. OTHER TYPES OF PRONOUNS

Pronoun
Many of the pronouns listed above also belong to another word class - the class of determiners. They are pronouns when they occur independently, that is, without a noun following them, as in This is a new car. But when a noun follows them - This car is new - they are determiners. We will look at determiners in the next section. A major difference between pronouns and nouns generally is that pronouns do not take the or a/an before them. Further, pronouns do not take adjectives before them, except in very restricted constructions involving some indefinite pronouns (a little something, a certain someone).

1. While the class of nouns as a whole is an open class, the subclass of pronouns is closed.