Name: Shraddha Mehta Roll no: B-07 Sub: AFM Topic: Railways

BANGALORE METRO RAIL PROJECT

METRO PLANNING WORLD FACTS  All developed countries start planning for a Metro when the population of the city nears one million mark.  By the time the population level reaches two million mark a Metro network is in place. TYPES OF METRO  A Metro can be either underground or elevated and in case of outskirts of the cities on the ground even.  Metros can be :o Heavy capacity with a capacity of 60-90,000 phpdt. o Medium capacity with a capacity of 40-50,000 phpdt, or, o A light metro with the capacity ranging from 25-30,000 phpdt.  When the traffic volume exceeds 12,000 phpdt it can be handled only by a rail-based Metro System.  Metros can be either with pneumatic wheels or steel wheels on steel rails. In either case the traction is by electric energy.  Other MRTS modes are Mono Rail, Sky Bus, High Capacity buses etc. DIFFERENT PHASES PHASE 1:North-South - Yeshwantpur to R V Road (14.9km) East-West - Mysore Road to Byappanahalli (18.1km) North extension - Yeshwantpur to Peenya East extension - Mysore Road to Bangalore University South extension - R V Road to J P Nagar West extension - Byappanahalli to Whitefield Swastik to yeshwantpur

PHASE 2:-

PHASE 3:-

PHASE 4:-

K. R Market to R.V Road

Types of project feasibility analysis      Technical feasibility Marketing feasibility Socio-economic feasibility Managerial feasibility Financial feasibility

TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY:Metro train important features  3 cars train sets ( DMC TC - DMC) : CAPACITY 1000 passengers  750 v d.c , third rail , bottom current collector system Stainless steel carbody  3 phase AC asynchronous motors with variable voltage and variable frequency Microprocessor controlled Saloon features:(A) Wide gangway between cars to allow free movement of passengers (B) Smooth finish interior panels ( graffitis resistant) (C) Non slip and non skid floor structure. Rolling stock operation parameters (1) Services to start from 5 a.m till midnight (19 hours in a day) (2) Frequency Peak 4 minutes( expandable to 2 mts ) (3) Journey time 33 mts EAST - WEST , 28 MTS NORTH SOUTH (4) DWELL TIME 30 sec (5) Maximum speed 80 km/hr Passenger Facility (1) 4 wide passengers automatic access doors in each side. (2) Wide and clear windows . (3) Completely air- conditioned coaches (4) Earmarked space for persons with disability. (5) Wi-fi sytem accessibility (6) Information to passengers ; (7) Automatic voice announcement system (8) Electronic information display (9) Electronic destination display . ROLLING STOCK - SAFETY ASPECTS. (1) ATP automatic train protection : protection to train with driver supervision. (2) ATO automatic train operation :automatic start ,acceleration & deceleration (3) ATC :automatic train control :(ATP+ ATO) (4) TRAIN MANAGEMENT SYSTEM :TMS : information for operation & maintenance (5) Microproccessor control & brake system (6) Safety door closing / opening (7) Surveillance cameras for security ( CCTV) (8) Voice communication between passengers & drivers (9) Emergency announcement from operational control centre.

COACHES:Max. permissible speed Commercial speed Coach body 80 kmphr 32 Kmphr Stainless steel Length - 20.8 m Width - 2.88m Height 3.80m About 50 sitting &306 standing (at 8 person per sq. m .area) 15 tonnes one 4 of 180 Kw each in motor Max 1.0 m/sec ^2 Max 1.1 m/sec ^2(normal) Air conditioning Automatic door closing

Carrying capacity Axle load Class of accomodation Traction motors: coaches Acceleration Decceleration Additional features

AUTOMATIC FARE COLLECTION Automatic Fare Collection (AFC) Gates  Stand near the AFC Gates  Entry: Hold your Token/ Smart Card close to the machine  Exit: Token Users: Drop your token into the machine  Smart Card Users: Hold your Smart  Card close to the machine  Wait for the Gates to open  Cross through the gates  While crossing, make sure that the children below 3 feet (height) are closely in front of you or in your lap. Smart Card saves time, saves money!

DESIGN FEATURES OF BANGALORE METRO Design underground elevated Schedule speed Frequency of train PHPDT Future PHPDT 6.76 km 25.65 km 32 to 80 kmph 4.0 min. 40,000 80,000

By 2011, Namma Metro is tipped to carry 15 per cent of the traffic. A total of 180 coaches by 2011 and 270 coaches by 2021 are in the plan. The BMRC hopes to generate 10 per cent of the revenues from non-fare aspects and be commercially viable from the sixth year. The Metro also promises an average speed of 32 kmph (max 80 kmph), offering an end-to-end trip in 23/28 minutes.

METRO Rail Features :                 Level platforms at all rail stations for easy boarding Audible and digital station announcements inside the train and also at the station Frequent service Wheelchairs tie-downs are not needed on the trains because of the smooth ride METRO Rail stops at all stations and the doors open automatically An elevated metro rail, with two lines (up and down lines) on a deck erected on pillars generally in the central median of the road, without obstructing the road traffic; Standard gauge (1435 mm); Stations located at an average interval of 1km elevated stations with passenger access through staircases, escalators & lifts; Adequate parking space and circulating areas to be provided (mostly on Govt. lands) at the stations; Frequency of 3 to 4 minutes during peak hours; The system is expected to carry about 1.57 million passengers per day by 2011 and 2.57 million by 2021 Rails to be continuously welded to minimize noise levels; Power supply through 3rd rail bottom collection (750 v DC); Coaches air-conditioned with automatic door-closures and many safety features; Signaling system ensures safety and specified speeds through Automatic Train Control (ATC), Automatic Train Protection (ATP) and Automatic Train Operation (ATO); Telecommunication facilities to be state of the art, facilitating continuous communication between Central Control, train drivers and station masters.

MARKET FEASIBILITY OF BANGALORE METRO BANGALORE METRO RAIL WITH A VISION PROMISES TO ALL THEIR PASSENGERS The Bangalore Metro Rail has all the components required for a SUCCESSFUL integrated public transport system, it offers: CONVIENIENCE  COMFORT  AFFORDABILITY  FREQUENCY  RELIABILITY  SAFETY  AESTHETICS MARKET ANALYSIS  INDUSTRY ANALYASIS AND OUTLOOK  TARGET MARKET STUDY  PRIMARY MARKET SIZE  COMPETITION

INDUSTRY ANALYSIS AND OUTLOOK 1) DESCRIPTION OF INDUSTRY(BANGALORE METRO RAIL CORPORATION) NAMMA METRO: Bangalore, the IT Capital of India is bustling with development of infrastructure. The city of Bangalore with a growing population of 6.8 million sued with traffic chaos owing to steep rise in number of private vehicles in the form of two wheelers and cars.  Namma Metro (Our metro) / The Bangalore Metro is the under-construction masstransit rail system for the city of Bangalore, India. The agency responsible for its implementation is Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation Ltd (BMRCL). Navayuga Engineering has been awarded the contract to construct Reach 1 on the East-West line. Five consortia have been short-listed as general consultants for the project. 2) SIZE OF THE INDUSTRY AND FUTURE GROWTH PROJECTIONS: The total project outlay was estimated at Rs 6395 crore in 2006.  At present metro project is been projected only till inner ring-roads but in the future it will be expanding to outer ring-roads also. 3) INDUSTRY CHARCTERISTICS AND TRENDS :The Bangalore MRTS is essentially a "social" sector project,whose benefits will pervade wide sections of economy. The modified first phase will generate substantial benefits to the economy by the way of:  Time saving for commuters  Reliable and safe journey  Reduction in atmospheric pollution  Reduction in accident  Reduced fuel consumption  Reduced vehicle operating costs  Increase in the average speed of road vehicles  Improvement in the quality of life TARGET MARKET STUDY 1)CRITICAL NEEDS OF MARKET AND COMMUTERS  Major commuters need for metro  Metro rail best fit for bangalore.  Prospective consumers 2)DEMOGRAPHIC AND GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATIONS The project is based on Standard Gauge. The first phase of Bangalore Metro, consisting of two corridors of double line electrified, will cover a total of 33 km. The East-West corridor will be 18.10 km. long, Out of the 33 km., 6.76 km. will be underground near City Railway Station.

PRIMARY MARKET SIZE  BEML Ltd has bagged a Rs.1672.50 crore order from Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation to supply 150 metro rail coaches by October 2010.  BEML, would be assisted by South Korea-based Rotom and Japan-based Melco and Mitsubishi in the manufacture of metro rail coaches . PROSPECTIVE COMMUTERS  Total number of commuters which can use the metro are 45000-50000 per hour  Commuters travel can be much more economical with a proposed fare of 1.33-1.63 times then bus fares.  Annual escalation fares at 4% FORCASTED ANNUAL SALES Total number of commuters travelling per day: 820,000 Approx metro fare :Rs 7-15 per commuters Annual sales: 820,000 x 15 x 365 : 4489500000/4.4895 billions MARKET SHARES  Strong market share the key to winning the next concessioning contract .  It can be achieved by making the travel affordable compared to other modes.  Strategy: Actively market Cape Metrorail's service as the preferred mode of public transport within the Cape Metropolitan Area. BUSINESS STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION A. MARKET PENETRATION STRATEGY:  Low cost  Concessions to students  Issue passes  Increase in number of ticket counters during peak hours B. GROWTH STATERGY:  Issue of e-card  Power connections inside the trains.  Target groups editors  Personalize Metrorail to the public (Themba, Management Team)  Identify and implement station level information systems  Launch Regional Stakeholders' Forum  Train staff to make operational info available in real time (on board technology)  Call centre - real time info to be available  Effective notice boards/bill boards with Metrorail info  Weekly and possibly daily newsheet/paper

Demand Forecasting  Safe and Reliable  Low-Fares to commuters than other transport  Advertisements on trains, eg: Sprite adds on doors of trains.  Air-Conditioned coaches  Fast and comfortable journey  Automatic doors with obstruction detection  The unique feature of Bangalore Metro is its integration with other modes of public transport, enabling the commuters conveniently inter-change from one mode to another. Because of proper planning in of METRO. SOCIO ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY:Transport plays a critical role in social and economic development. The need to understand and to accommodate the interests, perceptions and needs of target populations and other key stakeholders is paramount in the design of projects and programs aimed at social and economic development. social importance : With traffic decongestion being the key, the primary aim of the Bangalore Metro is to encourage commuters to leave their vehicles in their garages and use public transport. Positioned as a complementary, rather than competitive mode of transport, the Bangalore Metro will work in tandem with other transport systems like buses and mono rails. The perfect Plan  The city bus corridors will not run parallel to Bangalore Metro corridors, instead buses will act as feeders. The mono rail network planned for the city will not overlap with that of the metro, but will connect at major junctions as feeders. On certain high density corridors, three wheelers will be regulated. Feeder bus services will be provided to all the metro stations.  Bus bays and parking facilities for private vehicles will be available at all major stations. State-of-the-art satellite bus-cum-metro terminals are being planned in the city outskirts, to control the entry of inter-city buses. Main Action  The Bangalore Metro will be integrated with Railways and other modes of transport at Byappanahalli Railway Station in the East, Yeshwantpur Railway Station in the North and Bangalore City Railway Station and Kempegowda Bus Stand in the Central parts of the city.  Thus far, few studies of transport have addressed the consequences of social change derived predictive models to deal with this set of issues.

Issues  There has not been sufficient examination of transport's impact on social issues within a qualitative framework.  It is important to also consider the flow of social capital in the form of information, news, or job opportunities facilitated through transport networks. Socio- Economic role Transport  The role of transport in facilitating or limiting social capital expands economic criteria models when measuring the impact of transport projects.  The benefits of improving transport infrastructure have traditionally been measured by performance criteria, like improved connectivity, travel time, speeds and fuel savings.  The costs of improvements in transport infrastructure are classically defined as construction cost, ongoing operations and maintenance cost.  However, transport is a derived demand, i.e. transport is used only when the need to move exists, and the need to move is dictated by socio-economic requirements of the users.  This implies that the necessity for movement, hence the use of transport infrastructure, is need/goal based; i.e. people do not move for the sake of moving, they move to get to work, education, recreation, health etc which will finally enable them to improve their social and economic well being.  At the same time, the users are a heterogeneous mix of people of different socioeconomic classes, with different needs and desires and differing needs of movement.  These differential concerns make the task of assessing the feasibility of a project more complex - some users may benefit, some may not, and some may not be affected at all. Advantages of a Rail Based System in Urban Transportation Only a rail-based system : Can achieve carrying capacity as high as 40,000 phpdt.  Requires 1/5th energy per passenger km compared to road-based system.  Causes no air pollution in the city.  Causes lesser noise level  Occupies no road space if underground and only about 2 metre width of the road if elevated.  Carries same amount of traffic as 9 lanes of bus traffic or 24 lanes of private motor cars (either way).  Is more reliable, comfortable and safer than road-based system.  Reduces journey time by anything between 50% and 75% depending on road conditions.

Negative Impact Of Metro Project During this phase, those impacts, which are likely to take place due to the layout of the project, have been assessed. These impacts are: Project Affected People (PAPs)  Loss of trees/forest;  Utility/Drainage Problems, and  Loss of Historical and Cultural Monuments  Soil Erosion, Pollution and Health Risk at Construction Site.  Increased Water Demand.  Noise Pollution.

MANAGERIAL FEASIBILITY OF BANGALORE METRO RAIL PROJECT

Legal structure:  The Rs 6,395-crore Bangalore Metro Rail project will not be scrapped. The government has accepted the Justice Shivshankar Bhat Committee report, which recommended that the project will go along the CMH Road alignment .  Allaying people's fears, he announced a rehabilitation package for families and business establishments on CMH Road and Mahakavi Kuvempu Road who would be affected by the acquisition of 28 acres of private land.  The package for CMH Road residents and all other property losses will cost the exchequer about Rs 30 crore. As recommended by the Shivshankar Bhat Committee, the rehabilitation package will include allotment of sites by BDA, provision of house rent for

six months to affected households, and 10-month rent to affected business establishments.  The project will be taken up on priority, he told that after a review meeting. While there'll be no change in the alignment of CMH Road or Mahakavi Kuvempu Road in Malleswaram, there will be just one change on CMH Road.  Instead of two stations on 100 ft Road, Indiaranagar, and CMH Road (opposite Bata), there will be one common station near Arya Samaj. Setting at rest speculation on Mono Rail, Kumaraswamy said it'll only complement the Metro Rail project as a feeder service.The CM said he has ordered that the area adjoining the Metro Rail alignment be converted into commercial land use pattern, benefiting those having properties along the alignment.  Also, for those whose properties will be displaced, all benefits available in the transfer of development rights in the BMP, will be extended. FINANCIAL PERSPECTIVE:PROJECT COST

IN DETAILS  Project start Date: - August2005  Going Live: December2010 (1st phase)  No. of Commuters: 820000  Proposed Fare: 1.33-1.66 times the bus fares. Annual escalation fares at 4%  Cost/Km Underground: Rs 250 crore  Cost/Km Elevated: Rs 80 crore  Total Cost: Rs 6400 crores Project cost Details Estimation of cost in Rs . Crores  The estimated cost of the project approved by the Government of India  based on April 2005 prices is as under: Construction cost : 5080 (5912)*  Interest during construction : 348 (449)*  Financing charges & Pre-operative expenses : 25 (29)*  TOTAL Current Cost : 5453 (6395)* *(completion cost which is the current cost + an annual escalation of 5% per year for the likely duration of the project.) Source of fund  State: Rs 1807 cr  Centre/Federal: Rs 1447 cr  Financial Institutions: Rs 2953 cr  Interest rate: Approx 8.75% for a 15 year term loan, line of credit form insurance companies and provident fund agencies comes for 25 years at 9% interest Funding structure

Liabilities Share Capital Reserves & Surplus Net Worth (1) Secured Loans (2) Unsecured Loans (3) Total Liabilities(1+2+3)

Mar-08 (12 Months) 860.89 23,538.82 24,399.71 11,148.44 2,528.04 38,076.19 Mar-08 (12 Months)

Mar-07 (12 Months) 522.52 10,461.95 11,042.19 9,431.42 5,754.98 26,228.59 Mar-07 (12 Months)

Mar-06 (12 Months) 522.2 10,028.14 10,635.69 3,460.11 629.36 14,725.15 Mar-06 (12 Months)

Assets Fixed Assets Gross Block (-) Acc. Depreciation Net Block (A) Capital Work in Prgs. (B) Investments (C) Current Assets, Loans & Advs. Inventories Sundry Debtors Cash And Bank Loans And Advances (i) Current Liab. & Provs. Current Liabilities Provisions (ii) Net Curr. Assets (i - ii) (D) Misc. Expenses (E) Total Assets (A+B+C+D+E)

9,894.34 0 9,894.34 928.48 7,277.56 15,051.48 9,639.67 2,144.23 8,265.87 35,101.25 14,398.65 726.78 15,125.43 19,975.82 0 38,076.19

12,217.01 3,704.80 8,454.49 40.34 3,177.97 9,782.36 5,615.05 3,379.01 6,718.13 25,494.55 10,699.08 297.4 10,996.48 14,498.07 0 26,228.59

7,638.79 3,023.82 4,529.62 819.64 1,244.09 6,261.85 3,784.83 732.76 2,077.52 12,856.96 4,604.49 206.02 4,810.51 8,046.45 0 14,725.15

LAND ACQUISITION COST THE LAND REQUIREMENT OF BANGALORE METRO PROJECT WILL BE MET BY THE STATE GOVT. 32.22acres land(govt of INDIA) hasbeen released  PRIVATE LAND ACQUISITION ACCOUNTS TO ONLY 12% OF TOTAL LAND REQUIREMENT  THE BANGALORE METRO IS ACQUIRING 138 ACRES OF CENTRAL GOVT. LAND: OUT OF WHICH 102 ACRES OF DEFENCE LAND HAS ALREADY BEEN RELEASED. 28 acres of private land acquisition : final stage CURRENT STATUS OF LAND . A. 26 ACRES OF LAND BELONGS TO NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION OF INDIA LTD : PURCHASED B. 4 ACRES OF HINDUSTAN AERONAUTICS LTD. LAND: UNDER TRANSFER ACQUISITION OF REMAINING 6 ACRES IS STILL IN PROGRESS. CARRYING CAPACITY  The Bangalore Metro has been designed for a capacity of 40,000 PHPDT.  The number of passengers expected to travel on the  metro everyday is 10.20 lakhs in 2011 and 16.10 lakhs in 2021.

Phase : 1 North-South Corridor ( 23.7km) Stations: Hesaraghatta Cross, T Dasarahalli, Jalahalli, Peenya Industrial Area, Peenya Village, Outer Ring Road, Yeshwantpur, Mahalakshmi Layout, Rajajinagar, Malleswaram, Swastik, Majestic, Chickpet, City Market, K R Road, South End Circle, Jayanagar, R V Road, Banashankari, J P Nagar, Puttenahalli. East-West Corridor (18.1km) Stations: Baiyappanahalli, Old Madras Road, C M H Road, Ulsoor, Trinity Circle, M G Road, Cricket Stadium, Vidhana Soudha, Central College, Majestic, City Railway Station, Magadi Road, Tollgate, Hosahalli, Vijayanagar, Deepanjalinagar, Mysore Road Description of First Phase:The first phase of the Bangalore Metro consists of two lines of electrified double track.  The first one, East West, will be 18km long and the second, North South, 15 km long.  They will cross at Majestic station. The greatest part will be elevated, except for 6.7 km underground near Majestic station, City Railway Station, Vidhana Souda and City Market.  The project is partly funded by the Japanese Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC).

 The project management team would give assistance to the owner BMRC on all aspects of the project, in particular : supervision and commissioning of works, monitoring of quality, integration of the metro with the other modes of transport in Bangalore city.  The contract period is till December 2012.  Bangalore is the third Indian metropolis, after Delhi and Mumbay, to choose SYSTRA for its metro project. SYSTRA is also recognised in India for its know-how concerning major civil works (Signature Bridge, Chambal Bridge, Pragati Maidan Bridge). Phase II Lines built during Phase-I are likely to be extended further. The Technology clusters in the South & East of the City are planned to be connected with Yelahanka in the North. Route alignments are yet to be finalized. Some of the space which is going to be claimed by BMRTL for the project are: 4,126 sq mt of Central Bus Sand in Majestic.  On MG Road the project will use 14 sq mt of Nalli Silks and 25 sq mt of Land Mark building.  210 sq mt of IOC petrol bunk near Trinity Circle.  Trinity Complex, Megdooth Motors, Police Quarters on Ulsoor Road.  Part of Govt Kannada Primary School at Srirampuram, Govt Urdu School at Chickpet.  74 sq mt of Bangalore Hospital on RV Road.  4,320 sq mt of Mysore Mills behind Maharaja Mills.  119,000 sq mt of private industry land on Tumkur Road