Division by 5

similarly, it's often more convenient instead to multiply first by 2 and then divide by 10.
For example,
1375/5 = 2750/10 = 275.
Multiplication by 5
It's often more convenient instead of multiplying by 5 to multiply first by 10 and then
divide by 2.
For example,
1375 = 1370/2 = 685
Division/multiplication by 4
Replace either with a repeated operation by 2.
For example,
124/4 = 62/2 = 31. Also,
1244 = 2482 = 496.
Division/multiplication by 25
Use operations with 4 instead.
For example,
3725 = 3700/4 = 1850/2 = 925.
Division/multiplication by 8
Replace either with a repeated operation by 2.
For example,
1248 = 2484 = 4962 = 992.
Division/multiplication by 125
Use operations with 8 instead.
For example,
37125 = 37000/8 = 18500/4 = 9250/2 = 4625.{1000/8}
Squaring two digit numbers.
i.

You should memorize the first 25 squares:

If you forgot an entry.

Say, you want a square of 13. Do this: add 3 (the last digit) to 13 (the number to be

squared) to get 16 = 13 + 3. Square the last digit: 3 = 9. Append the result to the sum:
169.
As another example, find 14. First, as before, add the last digit (4) to the number itself
(14) to get 18 = 14 + 4. Next, again as before, square the last digit: 4 = 16. You'd like to
append the result (16) to the sum (18) getting 1816 which is clearly too large, for, say, 14
< 20 so that 14 < 20 = 400. What you have to do is append 6 and carry 1 to the previous
digit (8) making 14 = 196.

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 21 22 23 24 25
121 144 169 196 225 256 289 324 361 441 484 529 576 625
112=121
1112=12321
11112=1234321
Hence here the number of 1, that much in ascending order and then descending order till
1.
BASE METHOD TO FIND SQUARE OF ANY NUMBER:
Formula: a 102 +- b
Where a is base of the number
For eg:
262= 26-4/42 = 22/16; now here comes the rule as its taken on base 30 so 22 is * with 3
hence: 66/16 as we know from no of digits 26 should have 3 digits so 66+1/6=676 ans
382=38-2/2*2=36/04=4(taken from 40)*36/04=144/04=as 38 shud hve 5 digits from no of
digits so 1444.
972=97-3/09 as its 100 base so a= 1, and 97 have 4 digits so 9409
3162= (316+16)3/256=996/256=99856{acc to number of digits}
3172= (317+17)3/289=1002/289=100489 {acc to number of digits}

CUBE OF NUMBERS TILL 12:

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

8
27
64
125
216
343
512
729
1000
1331
1728

NOTE: No of digits
3^2 to 4^2 = 1 to 2
9^2 to 10^2= 2 to 3
31^2 to 32^2= 3 to 4
99^2 to 100^2= 4 to 5
316^2 to 317^2= 5 to 6
999^2 to 1000^2= 6 to 7

Product of Number abc+abd where c+d=10 and ab are same:

113 * 117= 3+7 is 10 its spl case hence 11*12=132
And 3 *7 is 21 so answer is 13221
28*24= 30*24=720, now we have taken 24 two times extra so subs 48 from 720 hence
672.
i) 98 (2)
*94
9212

(6)

ii) 91 * 93 = 8463
iii) 62* 68= 60/8*2=7(60)/16 as its from 70base hence 420/16 as we now it wil have 4
digits hence 4216
iv) 79*83= here we will take 90 base as base 80 will be lil weird,
v) 53*67=70*5/51=3551
vi) 63* 61= (54)7/63=378/63=3843
Multiplying

by 11.
To multiply a 2-digit number by 11, take the sum of its digits. If it's a single digit number,
just write it between the two digits. If the sum is 10 or more, do not forget to carry 1 over.
For example, 3411 = 374 since 3 + 4 = 7. 4711 = 517 since 4 + 7 = 11.
Faster subtraction.
Subtraction is often faster in two steps instead of one.

For example,
427 - 38 = (427 - 27) - (38 - 27) = 400 - 11 = 389.
A generic advice might be given as "First remove what's easy, next whatever remains".
Another example:
1049 - 187 = 1000 - (187 - 49) = 900 - 38 = 862.
PERCENTAGE:
1/2
1/3
1/4
1/5
1/6
1/7
1/8
1/9
1/10
1/11
1/12
1/13
1/14
1/15
1/16
1/17

50.00
33.33
25.00
20.00
16.67
14.29
12.50
11.11
10.00
9.09
8.33
7.69
7.14
6.67
6.25
5.88

1/18
1/19
1/20
1/21

5.56
5.26
5.00
4.76