Application of Wavelet Transform on Semic Image Processing

Lei Zhang1, Jingfa Zhang1,Fujun Zhao2,Shan Cai1

1 2

Institute of Crustal Dynamics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100085, P.R China Heilongjiang Institute of Science and Technology, Harbin 150027, P.R China E-mail:zhanglei-qd@126.com
1. INTRODUCTION

Aero Remote Sensing was used to investigate seismic information in1906, when earthquake of magnitude 8.3 struck San Francisco. From then on, Remote Sensing was widely used to investigate the situation of earthquake and evaluate the loss of it .With the development of commercial satellite such as Quickbird and IKONOS, more and more high-resolution images are available, it is a new technique to investigate and assessment seismic disaster using Remote Sensing that could provide important, reliable data for seismic succor. We can describe seismic information using enhanced images. Wavelet transform is a new theory developed in 1980s, which is flexible and robust. The wavelet transform has been used in numerous fields such as geophysics (seismic events), medical imaging, astronomy image processing, and object recognition and image compression. Because of destroy of earthquake, there are obvious spectral and texture features on seismic images. Disaster information could be extracted using conventional enhancement methods such as neighborhood convolution method, Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix and so on. In this paper, wavelet transform is used to process seismic images before or after earthquake in order to extract seismic information. 2. METHODOLOGICAL REALIZATION The extract result is finally used to assess the loss of earthquake disaster. Before extracting feature, pre-processing of pre- or post-earthquake remote sensing images should be performed. The pre-processing included image registration, mage mosaic. All the enhancement methods was implemented based on ENVI/IDL. There is wavelet package in IDL which provides a new idea in processing seismic image information. Base the on the function in IDL combined with ENVI, we realized several methods such as Harr, Morlet and Paul wavelet transform. In order to enhance the seismic images, we tested several methods such as low-passing, high-pass filtering or threshold method using Harr wavelet transform and so on. The most important part is the process of the frequency field. We could set low-frequency or high-frequency part to zero, through which we can make low-pass or high-pass filtering come true. However, there is obvious abuse using above methods, hereby we set an threshold which can be changed with the change of different image to process the frequency field, then performed the inversed transform to enhanced the seismic images pre- or post- earthquake. 3. APPLICATION & RESULT Based on the wavelet transform methods, we selected aerial photographs to extract the disaster information. We also used some other enhancement methods such as Prewitt, Laplacian, Gaussian low pass and so on. Compared the result image using wavelet transform with that using other methods, we can find that it is more effective. We can get the disaster information through video interpretation clearly.

4. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION Feature extraction is only one part of rapid earthquake disaster loss assessment that is the final intent. During the subsequent processing, we can draw the intensity of the earthquake through video interpretation by experts. According to the intensity, we can make use of the population and economic information to evaluate the loss and casualty of earthquake as soon as possible. Then we can provide first-hand information for seismic succor. 5. REFERENCE [1]Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E. Woods (Translated by Qiuqi Ruan, Yuzhi Ruan), Digital Image Processing Second Edition, Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2003.3. [2] Chiroiu L., Andre G., Damage assessment using high resolution satellite imagery: application to 2001 Bhuj, India, earthquake, 7thUS National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, July 2002. [3] Shahid Rao, Mohtashim Ali, M.Muntazir Naqvi,and Adnan.M Qureshi, Satelite Remote Sensing(SRS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Earthquake Damage Assessment and Disaster Management, Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Advances in Space Technologies(ICAST 2006), International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Islamabad Pakistan, pp.190-195,2-3 Sept.2006.