Standard Method of Test for Weight of Coating on Aluminum-Coated Iron or Steel Articles 1. SCOPE L1_ This test method covers proce dures for determining the weight of coat ing on aluminum-coated iron or steel sheets and wire, and on other alursinum- coated iron and steel articles, 1.2. The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard, ‘The values given in parentheses are pro- vided for information only. 1.3. This standard may involve haz- ardous materials, operations, and equip- ‘ment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use, It isthe responsi- bility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior 10 use. For a specific precautionary statement, s Note 1 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 24. AASHTO Standard: R11 Recommended Prac- tice for Indicating Which Plates of Fig ures Are to Be Con- sidered Significant in Specified Limiting Values 22. ASTM Standards: 1D 1198 Specification for Re- agent Water Practice for Conduct ing an Interlabora tory Test Program to Determine the Preci- sion of Test Methods F691 430 AASHTO DESIGNATION: T 213-91 (ASTM DESIGNATION: A 428-89) 3. SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 3.1 This test method provides a stan dard method of determining the weight ‘of coating for comparison with specifica tion requirements. A coating of alumi ‘num on iron or steel particles provides protection against corrosion by forming 2 relatively inert barriet. Specifications for sluminum-coated articles occasion ally provide for different classes (weights) of coating so that the purchaser ‘can select the coating weight most suited tw his needs. The heavier coating will provide greater protection against me: chanical damage which may break the coating. REAGENTS 41 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, itis intended that all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on Ana: lytical Reagents of the American Chemi- cal Society, where such specifications are available! Other grades may be used. rovided it is frst ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to Permit its use without lessening the aceu- racy of the determination, 4.2 Purity of Warer—Water used in preparation of reagent solutions. shall conform 10 ASTM D 1193, ‘Type 1V or better 4.3. Antimony Trichloride Solution— Dissolve 200 g of antimony trichloride (SbCI,) in 1000 mL. of concentrated hy drochloric acid (HCI, sp gr 1.19) with- cout heating. 44 Hydrochloric Acid (sp gr 1.19}-Concentrated hydrochloric acid cc) 45. Sodium Hydroxide Solution— (20 percent). Dissolve 20 parts of weight of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in 80 parts of water, 46. Stannous Chloride Solution— Dissolve 100 g of stannous. chloride (SnCI--2HO) in 1000 mL. of concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCI, sp gr 1.19) with: ‘out heating. Add a few granules of re agent-grade tin, NOTE 1—Precaution—Small amounts of the poisonous gas stibine (SbH,) may be evolved during the sipping. process using the hydzochlone acid-antimony tichlonde sannous chloride method. Hydrochloric seid fumes are present, and. hycrogen as-is evolved in the stipping process. Therefore, the test shouldbe performed under conditions of adequate ventilation. A fome hood is rec ommended for large numbers of samples or Where the tests 19 be caried out Frequeaty over extended periods oft SAMPLING SAL Aluminum-Coated ——Sheets— Samples for weight-of-coating deter nation shall be secured as designated in the appropriate specification. Test speci ‘mens shall have a minimum area of 3 in. or 2000 mm of sheet, but preferably approximately 5 in? or 3300 may of sheet NOTE 2—For convenience in calulating test results in inch-pound units, the specimen should have an area of 5.08 in of sheet (2.25 = 001 in’ of 2.84 © 0.01 in. in diameter) ‘The weigh of coating in grams ona specimen ‘of that area is numerically equal tothe weight ‘of coating in ounces per square foot of shee. For results to be reported in metic unt. the specimen shoulé have an afea of 3330 mmm!T23 of sheet (57.7 0.4 mm! or 65.1 = 0.1 mm tn diameter 5.2. Aluminum-Coated Wire—Sam ples shall be secured as designated in the appropriate specification. The speci men of aluminum-coated wire may be of any length over 12 in, (approximately 300 mm), but preferably about 24 in (approximately 600 mm). Where a con- tinuous length is not available, shorter specimens totaling over 12 in,, but pref- erably about 24 in., shall be used. Since the density of the steel is known (0.283, {vin or 7830 kg/m’) itis not necessary to use a specific length of specimen. 33. Aluminum-Coated Articles Other Than Sheet or Wire—Samples for weight of coating determination shall be secured as designated in the appropriate specification. Except as otherwise pro- vided, the specimens should have a mini- ‘mum area of 3 in? (1935 mm) of alum um-coated surface. For very small items, several pieces may have to be stripped to obtain the minimum area NOTE 3—In the ease of threaded articles, such as bols and serews, the determination shall be made on a partion of the article tht es not inelude any thread PROCEDURE 6.1. Stipping of the aluminum coat- ing from the specimens may be done using the sodium hydroxide-hydrochlo. ric acid method (standard method) or the hydrochloric acid-antimony tichloride- stannous chloride method (alternative standard method) 6.2. Clean the specimens immedi ately before weighing by washing in pe troleum ether or other suitable solvent, and dry thoroughly. 6.3” Weigh the specimens individu- ally to the nearest 0.01 g. 6A Sodium Hydroxide-Hydrockloric Acid Method—Heat the NaOH solution {0 approximately 90°C (Note 4) and im: ‘merse each specimen in the hot solution Lunt the strong reaction ceases. With silicon-free coatings, gas may be evolved for considerable time, but the specimens should not be left in the solution for more than a few minutes. Longer immersion inhibits the removal of coating during subsequent dips. Several specimens ma METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING be immersed simultaneously provided all. surfaces are freely exposed to the solu tion. Remove specimens from solution and scrub all surfaces under running tap water with a clean cellulose sponge 10 remove the loose deposit formed in the NaOH solution. Rather vigorous serub- bing may be necessary for some types ‘of coating, but abrasive materials should not be used to remove the deposit. Blot with a towel to remove most of the water (Note 5) and immerse each specimen singly for not more than 3 seconds in HCI at room temperature, Remove, serub again under running tap water with a sponge, and reimmerse inthe hot NaOH solution for not more than a few minutes cor uml action again ceases. Repeat this cyele until immersion in HCI shows no Visible reaction (Note 6). One to three or more cycles may be required, de- Pending on the type and weight of coat- ing. After the final immersion in the NaOH and HCI solutions, scrub as be. fore, dry thoroughly, and teweigh to the nearest 0.01 g. NOTE 4—The temperature isnot critical, butthe solution should be held several degrees below the boiling poimt (approximately 105°C) to prevent excessive foaming durin the ist immersion The beaker used for heat ing the solution and imsuersne the specimens should be less than half full of sation to void the danger of foaming over when the specimens are immersed NOTE $—Most of the water should be removed to prevent dilution of the HCl, as dilute HICI will tack the base metal to a eter extent than concentrated HC NOTE 6=It is sometimes difficult to de texmine the point a which al ofthe alloy layer has bees removed, when stripping slicon-ftee coatings. If in doubt, weigh the specimen (after scrubting and drying) and them put it Uirough one additional stripping cycle, Loss in weight due to the additional eyele will be ‘of the order of 0.005 on a 2.254in. (57.2 rm) square sheet specimen, fll the coating had been removed before the extra cycle 65 Hydrochloric Acid. Antimony Tr chloride-Stannous Chloride Method— After weighing, immerse each specimen singly in @ solution made by mixing 100 mL of antimony trichloride solution and 100 ml. of stannous chloride solution (Note 7). Allow the specimen to remain immersed until the evolution of hydrogen 431 has ceased. Action will sop after 1 to 4 rmynutes or somewhat longer, depending ‘on the thickness and silicon content of the coating. A fresh solution must be used foreach test (Note 8). The temperature of the stripping solution should not exceed 38°C. After stripping, wash the specimen and scrub it with a soft cloth, using a small amount of abrasive cleansing pow- der if necessary. Rinse, and dry with an absorbent cloth or paper. Again weigh the specimens to the nearest 0.01 g. NOTE 7—Mix the ansimony tichlonde and stannous chloride solutions together as seeded. NOTE 8—Very heavy coatings may show residual coating afer all action has stopped. on examination after sipping. any coating sill remains, repeat the immersion step using Irezh solution, 6.6 Sheet Specimens—Determine the area of sheet (one surface) to the nearest 0.01 in? or 5 mun*. If specimens were prepared to the dimensions as provided in Note 2, they shall be presumed to have an area of 5.08 in.* or 3330 mum’. When it is not possible to determine the area accurately, as in specimens ftom coms zgated sheets, determine the average thick- tess ofthe steipped sheets to the 0.001 in. oF 0.01 mm, 6.7. Wire Specimens—Determine the diameter of the stipped wire to the near- est 0.001 in. of 0.01 mun by taking the average of two measurements at right angles to each other. 68 Specimens Other Than Sheet or Wire—Determine the toal coated area of the original specimen to the neazest 0.01 in or 5 mm’, Altematively, for speci ‘mens of uniform thickness of base metal, such asa piece of plate or pipe, determine the average thickness of the stripped specimen to the nearest 0.001 in, or 0.01 mm, 7. CALCULATION TA Aluminum-Coated Sheer: TAA Results in Inch-Pound Units TALA Calculate the weight of ale minum-coating when the area of sheet 1 determined as follows: . (0%, — Wav x K where432 METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING original weight of specimen, g, ‘weight of stripped specimen, area of sheet, in, and constant = 5.08 when Ais in in? 3.28. 10° when A is in mun? NOTE 9—1f he specimen was prepared to the dimensions as provided in Note 2. having anareaof 5.08 inthe loss of weight in grams is mumerically eqal to the weight of coating in ounces per squae foot of sheet. 7.1.1.2 When itis not possible to se- ccure a specimen of measurable area, cal- culate the weight of coating as follows: C= weight of coating, g/m* of sheet. where: ‘weight of coating, oz/ft of sheet, original weight of specimen, g, weight of stripped specimen, ‘Thickness of stripped sheet, in. or mm, and K = aconstant = 652 if Tis in in. = 25.7 if Tis in mm. TAZ Results in Metric Units: 1.2.1 Calculate the weight of alue ‘minum costing from the following f mula when the area of sheet is deter- mined: (WY, ~ Waa] x K weight of coating, g/m? of sheet, conginal weight of specimen, g, \weight of tipped specimen, 2. area of sheet in in? or mm and 2 constant = 1.55 x 10° if A is in in? = 1 10°Of Ais io mm, NOTE 10-1 the specimen was prepared {0 the dimensions as provide in Note 2, hav- Jing an area of 3330 mm of sheet, the factor HUA is approximately 300, which may be used Inthe calculation, 7.1.22 Whenitis not possible to ob- tain a specimen of measurable area, cal- calate the weight of the coating as fol- lows C= (Wy ~ Wo] x Tx K where: = weight of costing, g/m of sheet. W, = original weight of the specimen, ® W, = Weight of the stripped spoci- T= thickness of stripped sheet, in. or mom, and K = constant = 1.99 x 10' if Tis inin, = 7.83 % 10° if Tis in ma, 7.2 Aluminum-Coated Wire 724 Results in Inch-Pound Units A Calculate the weight of alu- ‘minum coating as follows: (Y, = Wow x Dx M C = weight of coating, oz/f? of stripped wire surface, = original weight of specimen, g, weight of stipped specimen, ¢, diameter of stripped wire, in. or mim, and M_ = aconstant = 163 i Dis in in, 6.42 if D is in mm, 2 Results in Metric Units 72.24 Calculate the weight of alu- ‘minum coating as follows: C= 1W, — Wow, where xDxM © = weight of coating, gim’ of tipped wire surface, original weight of specimen, 2, ‘weight of stripped specimen, 2, diameter of stripped wire, in. or mm, and M = aconstant = 4.97 10'if Dis inin. = 1.96 X 10, if Dis in mm, 73 Aluminum-Coated Antcles Other Than Sheet or Wire: 73A. Results in Inch-Pound Units: 73.1 Calculate the weight of alu- ‘minum coating using the following for- mula c (Y, — Way) x C= weight of coating, o2/ft of sur- face, original weight of specimen. g, ‘weight of stipped specimen. 2, coated area of original specimen, in’ or mn, and N= a constant = 5.08 if A is in in? = 3.28 10° if A is in mm T213 7.3.12 Ifthe specimen has a uniform thickness of base metal, the weight of the alaminuin costing may be calculated a follows: (OW, = Wy x @ xz C= weight of coating, ov/f of sur- face, original weight of specimen, g, ‘weight of stripped specimen, 2, thickness of stripped specimen, in. or mm, and Z = aconstant = 326 if Gis in in, = 128 if G is in mm, 732 Results in Metric Units: 73.21 Calculate the weight of alu- Using the following for- C=, ~ Wy) x where C= weight of coating, sim’ of sur face, original weight of specimen, g, ‘weight of stripped specimen, g coated area of original specimen, in or mar, and N= a constant = 185 x 10° Ais 1X 10°% Ais in man. 73.2.2 Ifthe specimen has a uniform thickness of base metal, the weight of the aluminum coating may be calculated 2s follows: (OW, — WoW x Gx Z C= weight of coating, gi’, of sur face, original weight of specimen, g, “weight of stripped specimen, g, thickness of stripped specimen, in, or mm, and Z_ = aconstant = 9.95 x 10" if Gis nin. = 3.92 x 10°if Gis in mm. 8 REPORT 8.1 Report the follow informa:7213 8.2. Weight of coating on aluminumn- coated sheet is expressed in weight per unit area wf sheet which is the sum of the weights of coating on both surfaces of the sheet. Weighs of coating on each surface of the sheet are not necessarily ‘equal. Coating weights on all aluminum coated articles other dhan sheets ate ex- pressed in weight per unit area of surface. 8.3 Report the weight of aluminum coating to the nearest 0.01 oz/ft” when reporting in inch-pound units, ‘84 Report the weight of aluminum ‘coating {0 the nearest 1 g/m’ when re- porting in metric (SI) units 8.5. When the weight of coating of 1s number of specimens is to be averaged to determine the conformance with a METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING shall be reported to the precision de- scribed in Sections 8.3 and 8.4 ia accor dance with the rounding method of R11 9. PRECISION AND BIAS 9A Precision—The precision of this test method for sheet products has been determined according to ASTM E 691 BAA The repeatability of the test ‘method was found 10 be 0.031 ocff (9.5 gin) of sheet and the reproducibility was found to be 0.034 ozlf (104 gin). NOTE 11-These precision and bias ro- sults are based om testing specimens having an area of 5.08 in! G2.8 em’) of sheet. Other 433 test specimen sizes may yield different prec sion and bist result 91.2 The precision of this test ‘method for products other than sheet has rot been determined NOTE 12—Repeauabilty and reproduc ibility, based on test exor alone, ae defined 5 the diffeence, in absolute valu, of «wo {est results obtained in the same laboratory, or between laboratories n the same materia and will be expected to exceed the 1 of ly ‘alues only about 5 percent of the time 9.2. Bias—Since there is no accepted reference material suitable for determin: ing bias for the procedures in this test method, no statement on bias is being made,