UNIT 1 (part 1)

THE HUMAN BODY ORGANIZATION AND ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY

Warm up Task 1 words that name parts of the body are sometimes used as idioms having a different meaning. If the patient says, Im on my knees, the nurse has to identify it as: Im extremely exhausted. Match the idioms with their meanings: 1 To make head or tail of a To be ill something 2 To have a sweet tooth b To watch carefully 3 To be all skin and bones c To understand something 4 To be on ones back d To get thicker 5 To get something off ones e To enjoy eating sweet things chest 6 To chin up f To be very thin 7 To keep an eye on somebody g To free ones mind by or something speaking about the problem 8 To put on flesh h To be brave 1.., 2.., 3.., 4.., 5.., 6.., 7.., 8 Presentation 1 1. Cellular level: Cells are the smallest independent units of life. Some of the basic functions of cells are growth, reproduction, and energy transfer. 2. Tissue level: Tissues are composed of many similar cells that perform a specific function. Tissues are classified into four types: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous. 3. Organ level: An organ is an integrated collection of two or more kinds of tissues that combine to perform a specific function. 4. System level: A system is a group of organs that work together to perform a major body function. All the body systems are specialized within themselves and coordinated with each other to produce an organism. Mot he la mot nhom cac c quan cung ket hp vi nhau e Mot c quan la mot tap hp hoan chnh cua hai nhieu loai mo ket hp lai e thc hien mot chc nang chuyen biet. Cac mo c tao bi nhieu te bao giong nhau thc hien mot chc nang chuyen biet. Cac mo c phan thanh bon loai: bieu mo, mo lien ket, mo c va mo than kinh. Cac te bao la nhng n v oc lap nho nhat cua s song. Mot vai chc nang c ban cua te bao la sinh trng va chuyen hoa nang lng.

The human body

The human body is organized on the following four levels:

thc hien mot chc nang chu yeu cua c the. Tat ca cac he cua c the c biet hoa Noun Cell Adjectve Structural Functional

t ban than chung va cung phoi hp vi nhau e tao thanh mot sinh vat.

Task 1 Complete the missing part of the chart : Noun Adjectve Systemic

Muscle Epithelium Nerve Organ Task 2 which level of body organization do the pictures belong to?

Presentation 2 Task1 Read the text and complete the missing body parts: The human body is divided into following parts that can be identified on its surface: the h., the n., the trunk and the extremities. C the ngi c chia thanh cac phan sau ma co the nhan biet tren be mat: au, co, than va cac chi.

The head is the seat of the b., several sense organs and inlets for air and food. au la vung cha nao, nhieu c quan giac quan va cac ong giup trao oi khong kh va thc an. It has the cranical and f. regions. The face is composed of the forehead, the e., the ch., the n., the m. with the tongue and the t., the chin and the e.. The eyes consist of the e., e. and eyelashes. No co vung so va vung mat. Mat gom co tran, tai, ma, mui, mieng vi li va rang, cam va mat. Mat gom long may, m mat. va long mi. The neck is called the cervical region. Co c goi la vung co (TN Y). The trunk is divided into several regions. The thorax or the thoracic region is commonly called the chest. Then there are mammary regions round the nipples, and in a female round entire breasts. Between them there is the sternal region. The area surrounding the armpit is known as the axillary region and the one following the vertebral column is the v. r.. . Than chia thanh nhieu vung. Ngc hay vung ngc (thuat ng Y TN Y) thong thng goi la ngc. Vung vu quanh num vu, phu n th vung vu bao quanh toan bo vu. Gia hai vung vu la vung c. Vung xung quanh nach c goi la vung nach (TN Y) va vung theo sau cot song la . , .

The abdomen is situated below the thorax. The abdomen is usually divided into nine regions describing location of the internal organ. For clinical practice when it is necessary to identify a pain division into four quadrants is commonly used. In the central part on the abdomen, there is the n. The region below it is referred to as the pelvic region followed by he genital region containing external s. organs and the perineal region round the a. opening. Bung co v tr di ngc. Bung c chia thanh chn vung mo ta v tr cac c quan ben trong. oi vi thc hanh lam sang, khi can thiet phai nhan biet vung au, thng chia bung thanh bon phan . Vung trung tam bung co ron. Vung di ron c goi la vung chau theo sau la vung sinh duc cha cac c quan sinh duc ngoai va vung sinh mon quanh lo hau mon. At the back view we distinguish the vertebral, lumbar and further down sacral regions. The buttocks is called the gluteal region. Nhn t sau, chung ta phan biet cac vung cot song, that lng va xuong thap hn la vung xng cung. Mong c goi la vung mong (TN Y). The upper extremity is composed of the shoulder, the upper arm, the e., the forearm, the w. and the hand. The parts of the hand are the back and the palm, the thumb and four f. with the n.. . Phan chi tren bao gom vai, canh tay, khuyu tay, cang tay, co tay, va ban tay. Cac phan cua ban tay la lng ban tay, long ban tay, ngon cai va bon ngon tay vi cac mong. The lower extremity is divided into the hip, the thigh, the k., the shank with the shin in front and the calf at the back, the a. and the f. The foot includes the sole, the dorsum, the arches, the heel with the Achilles tendon and the t. Phan chi di c chia thanh hong, ui, goi, cang chan vi xng chay pha trc va bap chan pha sau, mat ca va ban chan. Ban chan bao gom long ban chan, lng ban chan, cac cung ban chan, got chan vi gan Achilles va ngon chan. Task 2 Complete the clinical division of the abdomen.

The Body Cavities: The human body is not a solid structure as it looks on the outside, but it has five main cavities each containing internal organs and several smaller cavities within the head.

............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ........................

Task 1 B A

a. Match the term in the column A with the definition in the column B a. contains the urinary bladder b. contains the stomach c. space inside the skull d. the spinal cord is located there e. its colloquial name is the chest

. . . . . 1. spinal cavity . . . . . 2. thoracic cavity . . . . . 3. cranial cavity . . . . . 4. pelvic cavity . . . . . 5. abdominal cavity

b. Complete the names of the main cavities

Language in focus 2: Some adjectives used in medicine can not be formed the colloquial expressions. They can be formed only from the Latin or Greek roots. Look at the text (presentation 2), give the correct adjectives: Ex: Noun (collo. Expression) eye Noun (Colloquial expression) Eye (mat) Face (mat) Neck (co) Chest (ngc) Breast (vu) Armpit (nach) Navel (ron) Buttock (mong) Hand (ban tay) Pelvic (khung chau) Belly (bung) Noun (mdical term) orbit Noun Medical term (Latin / Greek root) Adjective

orbital
Adjective

Pronunciation drill: Practice the correct pronunciation of the following medical expression Abdomen Axilla Bronchi Bronchus Cervix Clavicle Cor Cranium Femur Gluteus Humerus Larynx Mamma Oesophagus

Orbit Pharynx Scapula Sinus

Sternum Thorax Trachea Umbilicus