AGRICULTURAL PLASTICS RECYCLING HANDBOOK

By:

Steve Clarke, P. Eng., Kemptville, OMAFRA, and Carl Fletcher, Guelph, OMAFRA, June 2002

Agricultural Plastics Recycling Handbook

Table of Contents Introduction ___________________________________________________________ 3 Awareness and Promotion of Recycling to Farmers ___________________________ 4 Plasticulture: The Use of Plastics In Agriculture _____________________________ 5 Disposal Options For Agricultural Plastics Why Recycle?_____________________ 6
Re-using Plastics On the Farm ________________________________________________ 6 Sending Plastics to Land Fills _________________________________________________ 6
Table 1. Results from a 1997 survey of Eastern Ontario landfills about their willingness to accept agricultural plastic wrap. ____________________________________________________ 7

Burning Plastics in the Open __________________________________________________ 7

Table 2. Volatile organic emissions tested for in a simulated open burning of used agricultural plastics by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. __________________________ 8

Road Safety Issue ___________________________________________________________ 9 Burying Plastics On the Farm _________________________________________________ 9 Using Plastics as a Fuel Source ________________________________________________ 9
Table 3. Energy Values of Various Materials _________________________________________ 10

Recycling Plastics __________________________________________________________ 10

Why The Plastics Industry Should Support Plastic Recycling Programs __________ 11 Why Municipal Governments Should Support Plastics Recycling Programs_______ 11 Types of Plastics _______________________________________________________ 12 Types of Agricultural Plastics That Can Be Recycled _________________________ 13 Goals Farmers Must Meet For Plastics Recycling to Succeed __________________ 13 Baling Twine _________________________________________________________ 15 Transporting Plastics to the Collection Depot _______________________________ 15
1. On Farm Pickup _________________________________________________________ 16 2. Farmers Deliver Plastic to Collection Depot __________________________________ 16

Tips for Holding Collection Days _________________________________________ 19

Quality Control ____________________________________________________________ 22
Table 4: A sampling of the typical collection results received from pilot projects ___________ 23 Table 5. Typical ranges of plastics contamination at collection. __________________________ 23

Reprocessing of Plastics_________________________________________________ 24 Products Made From Recycled Plastics ____________________________________ 24 Summary_____________________________________________________________ 25

Introduction
A pilot project has been underway in Ontario since 1992 to assess the problems and commercial viability associated with the recycling of agricultural plastics. This project has been a joint effort of the Ontario Soil & Crop Improvement Association, Ontario Agribusiness, and the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food (OMAF). Field research for the project has consisted of a number of pilot collections across Ontario: in Alexandria, Vars, Winchester, Renfrew, Embro, and Peterborough. The agricultural plastics recycling project has demonstrated that:

Agricultural plastic film (bale wrap, silo bags, tubes, silo covers) can be collected. Farmers will participate if a practical collection system is offered. Farmers can and will develop simple on-farm routines for storing and delivering clean plastics to a collection site.

Plastics can be compacted and shipped to a recycler and successfully converted to new and useful end products.

Plastics can be handled by garbage compaction trucks, compactors and recycling bins at on-farm, neighbourhood or municipal sites.

Municipalities can be partners in the collection process. Plastic lumber, garbage bags, puckboard, horse fencing and farm pens for dairy, hogs and poultry are products that have been produced. Pellets are also an option to be blended back into the plastics manufacturing industry.

Energy recovery is a viable option for plastics that are too contaminated for recycling.

As greenhouse plastics may contain pesticide and chemical residues, a separate stream may have to be established similar to the pesticide container recycling program.

The limiting factor for having more agricultural film recycled is the low price of crude oil and the lack of end products for recycled film to be made into.

Awareness and Promotion of Recycling to Farmers

To promote recycling among farmers OMAF has:

Set up displays at local fairs and other agricultural events. Distributed pamphlets and brochures at such events and to marketers of agricultural plastics.

Maintained contact with marketers of agricultural plastics, as quite often farmers will call the person they bought the wrap from to inquire about its disposal.

Encouraged word of mouth communication between farmers and feedback from farmers to OMAF.

Frequently issued press releases and given radio, newspaper and television interviews.

Kept phone lists of farmers who have recycled to inform them of future collection days.

Encouraged local groups to organize collection programs.

Plasticulture: The Use of Plastics In Agriculture

Traditionally, storage structures for forages and grains have been made from steel, wood and concrete. However, the use of plastic films has become increasingly popular, for several reasons:

Plastic films are inexpensive to purchase. Plastic films offer flexible storage options. The use of plastic film liners increases the life of existing storage structures.

Figure 1. Tube (Source: OMAF)

Figure 2. Individually wrapped bales (Source: OMAF)

Disposal Options For Agricultural Plastics Why Recycle?

Ontario farmers use a lot of plastics currently, it is estimated that Ontario farmers purchase approximately 4 million pounds of plastic bale wrap and silage cover per year. This figure does not account for the substantial amount of plastics the Ontario greenhouse industry also uses. Farmers have six main options for what they can do with their used plastic bale wrap and silage covers:

Re-use the plastics for other purposes on the farm. Send the plastics to a landfill. Burn the plastics. Bury the plastics. Use the plastics as a fuel source. Recycle the plastics. Re-using Plastics On the Farm

Currently, the first option is limited because used plastic film has no widespread secondary use on a farm, although some uses for it have been suggested. For example, plastics could be used as pillows in free stalls, to cover piles of wood and hay, to cover machinery, and as a protective liner for horizontal silos. Sending Plastics to Land Fills Landfilling plastics is a legal and supervised manner of disposal. However, despite that it is the most common method for dealing with agricultural film waste worldwide, landfilling is not a good option, because:

Landfills are filling up, resulting in less space available for disposal of agricultural plastics.

Many landfills charge more than $80 per ton to take agricultural plastics. Some municipal landfills (at least 30% in a survey) may not accept agricultural plastics. Table 1 shows the results of a survey of landfills in Eastern Ontario counties regarding their willingness to accept plastic wrap.

Table 1. Results from a 1997 survey of Eastern Ontario landfills about their willingness to accept agricultural plastic wrap. County Renfrew Frontenac Lanark Ottawa-Carleton Stormont Dundas Glengarry Prescott Russell Leeds Grenville TOTAL: Accept 15 6 7 2 4 3 3 4 2 6 2 54 (70%) Reject 7 7 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 3 2 23 (30%) Cost Range 1 / 2 ton truck $5 - $8 No charge $20 No charge $10 $10 - $20 $10 No charge $15 No charge No charge $5 - $20

Burning Plastics in the Open Some farmers have chosen to burn their used plastics in order to dispose of it, as burning is a means to dispose of plastics with the least amount of time and effort. Burning plastics in the open is a very poor alternative, however, because it may:

Cause air quality concerns. Be a public environmental hazard. Be a fire hazard. Be a nuisance to other people.

Be against the law according to local environmental protection acts.

Figure 3: Burning Plastics (Source: OMAF)

Burning used plastic film is environmentally hazardous. Plastic film is a volatile oil-based compound that burns easily but incompletely. Incomplete combustion can lead to release of carbon monoxide as well as many other air pollutants. In addition, hazardous byproducts can be present in the residual ash in the form of metals, dioxins and furans. The US Environmental Protection Agency has identified 13 volatile organic chemicals that may be toxic to the environment and carcinogenic to humans as a result of open burning (Table 2). Table 2. Volatile organic emissions tested for in a simulated open burning of used agricultural plastics by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Compound Test: Kerosene Only x Test: Used Ag. Plastic x x x x x x x Compound Test: Kerosene Only x x x x Test: Used Ag. Plastic x x x x x x

1-Hexene Hexane Benzene 1-Heptane Toluene 1-Octane Octane

x x x

Hexamethyl Cyclotrisiloxane Ethyl Benzene Dimethyl Benzene 1-Nonane Nonane Ethnyl Benzene

Road Safety Issue There is a concern that farmers may pile their plastics in their fields until there is enough plastics for them to burn. During high winds, these plastics could be strewn over neighbouring properties, creating an eyesore. Furthermore, plastics might blow on a busy highway and hit a drivers windshield, causing the driver to lose control of the car.

Figure 4: Plastic littering a rural road. (Source: OMAF) Burying Plastics On the Farm Burying plastics on the farm is another option. However, it is never recommended that a farmer do this because plastics are not biodegradable and will therefore permanently remain in the ground where they are buried. Also, it would be hard to recover the plastics in the future, and seepage of contamination into the ground may occur if any crop matter is still trapped in the plastics. Using Plastics as a Fuel Source Energy recovery is another option that many countries, including the United States and Germany, use for disposal of agricultural plastics. Solid waste volume can be reduced by 95%, reducing the amount of waste sent to landfill. Furthermore, energy

recovery plants are fitted with high-temperature burning and pollution control equipment in order to reduce air pollution. Table 3 lists the energy values for various materials. Table 3. Energy Values of Various Materials (from OMAFRA publication Agdex 120/732 Factsheet 95-019: Recyling Farm Plastic Films) Material Agricultural plastic - wrap, bags, tubes, sheets Wood Newspaper Fuel Oil British Thermal Units (BTU)/pound 18 500 19 500 7 000 7 500 8 000 20 500

If agricultural plastics are burned, there is potential for a high amount of energy to be recovered, and this energy could be used to heat buildings and to produce electricity. However, currently energy recovery is not an option for agricultural plastics in Ontario. It is possible to ship plastics to the United States for energy recovery, but farmers must recognize that there would be a substantial cost in transportation and possible tipping fees to help pay for the cost of reprocessing and pollution control. A pilot shipment of plastics to an energy recovery plant was achieved in 1998 was successful, proving that energy recovery is a viable option, especially for highly contaminated plastics. Recycling Plastics The limited options for reuse of plastics on the farm, the environmental hazards accompanying burying, land filling or burning plastics, and the unavailability of energy recovery plants in Ontario makes all of these options either bad choices or currently unfeasible for Ontario farmers. This leaves only the sixth option - recycling used plastics into new products that can be sold on the market. Plastics brokers/recyclers have not always been keen to recycle agricultural plastics for many reasons, including:

10

The quantity of plastic is usually small. Plastics types are often mixed together. The material is dirty and may contain pesiticide residues.

It is also important that an end-market be available for used agricultural plastics. One main determinant is the price of virgin plastics. If the price of virgin plastics is high, manufacturers will be more open to using recycled plastics to manufacture new products. The use of and demand for agricultural plastics is also determined by how many endproducts can be made from recycled plastics.

Why The Plastics Industry Should Support Plastic Recycling Programs

Sales of plastics will be maintained or increased with the implementation of recycling programs.

If forced to burn plastics to dispose of them, farmers might feel guilty because of the negative environmental impact; if this happens, farmers may begin to use other, more environmentally-friendly storage methods for forages, such as tower and horizontal silos, leading to possible reductions in plastics sales.

Industry is forced to consider that product life cycles are not just womb to tomb but womb to womb.

By helping to start programs, industry will be viewed as being a part of a solution instead of a part of a problem.

Why Municipal Governments Should Support Plastics Recycling Programs

Less material would be going to landfill sites. Agricultural plastics recycling can easily be made part of existing recycling programs.

11

Reduces burning of plastics and damage to the environment. Helps to reduce litter in the countryside.

Types of Plastics Resin Type Common Uses

The most commonly recycled plastics material, PET is primarily used for soft drink bottles.
Polyethylene Terephthalate

Agricultural Uses
Rare

HDPE is used in bottles; margarine tubs; and grocery bags. It represents over 50% of the plastic bottle market.
High Density Polyethylene

Nursery pots, pesticide and oil containers

PVC (or vinyl) is used to manufacture products ranging from heavy walled pressure pipes to crystal-clear food packaging.
Polyvinyl Chloride

Water pipes, hoses

The largest end-use of LDPE is film for bags, such as bread bags, trash bags.
Low Density Polyethylene Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE)

Greenhouse film, mulch film, silage bags

Stretch wrap for silage

PP is used in products ranging from yarns and fabrics to food packaging.

Polypropylene

Nursery pots, rows and trays, shade cloth, row covers, weed barrier Twine Flats, pots, growing mixes

Polystyrene

PS is used in some yogurt cups, egg cartons, meat trays, and disposable utensils. It is also used to make videocassettes and televisions. Various other plastics resin types and multi-layered material form this group.

12

Types of Agricultural Plastics That Can Be Recycled

Types of agricultural plastics that have been successfully recycled include:

Plastic Stretch Wrap: A white, tacky linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) plastic film wrapped around hay bales to keep them air and moisture tight. Most commonly, bales are triple-wrapped and the plastic is 1 mil in thickness and between 18 and 24 in width.

Silage Bags (Ag Bags): Long tubes of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic used to store hay and corn silage. Typically, they are 8-9 wide and 100-200 long, 9 mil or thinner in thickness, formed of a bonded white and black layer.

Cover Sheets for Bunker Silos: Black LDPE plastic film that is used in large sheets typically 20-40 wide, 100-150 long, and 8-10 mil in thickness, which is used to wrap hay or corn silage in cement bunker silos.

Greenhouse plastics: Typically LDPE film, used in 50 wide sheets or 25 wide tubes, up to 300 long and 4-6 mil in thickness.

Goals Farmers Must Meet For Plastics Recycling to Succeed

In order for a recycling program to succeed, farmers must meet several goals if they want their plastics recycled:

They must have a simple and easy on-farm system of collecting and storing the plastics.

They must end up with dry plastics clean enough to be recycled (less than 5% contamination).

13

They must separate the different types of plastics (stretch wrap vs laminated plastics found on silage covers and silage bags).

They must be able to transport the plastics easily and safely to a collection site.

5 Easy Steps For Plastic Film Recycling 1. After feeding, shake plastic to remove forage
Get rid of any stones, wire, dirt or other contamination

2. Hang plastics to dry (1-2 days)

Good places for this include wagon racks, barn posts and beams, etc.

3. Shake again to remove any leftover dirt

The plastics will dry between feedings so this can be done in a one step process by placing the wet plastic to dry where the previous plastic was

4. Store the plastics

In a convenient location where it will stay dry and clean Keep it away from sunlight to prevent degradation Store plastics of different colours and materials in separate locations

5. Get in touch with the organization running a collection

program in your area
Find out location, time of collection If there is no collection day planned store the plastic out of your way for the future Start a local collection organization

When farmers follow the steps listed above, over 95% of plastics are accepted upon collection. Over time, it has been found that farmers tend to develop their own routines that work best with their particular setup, resulting in cleaner plastics leaving their farms. At collection sites, farmers are asked about their handling techniques. It has been found that farmers who store plastics in large bags after shaking and drying bring in the plastics with the lowest contamination. Agricultural plastics recycling programs in the United Kingdom have tended to opt for collection schemes where farmers are provided with

14

large sacks in which to store their plastics. Clear plastic bags have been preferred because they allow collectors to assess the cleanliness of the agricultural plastic prior to baling it.

Figure 5: Agricultural plastics that have been properly stored in plastic bags. (Source: OMAF)

Baling Twine
In the past it has been possible to recycle polypropylene baling twine. At present, there is no active local market for the recycling of baling twine. However, in the future this may change. Potential end-uses for recycled baling twine in the past have included concrete reinforcement and septic tank manufacturing. Whether twine is recycled or not, as it is made of a different type of plastics (polypropylene) than that which is used for most agricultural plastics (LDPE), the twine must be separated from the rest of the plastics. If baling twine is to be recycled, farmers would have to store it in a clean, dry location such as inside a shed, rather than leaving it hanging on a fence post.

Transporting Plastics to the Collection Depot

15

For recycling to be effective, one must collect a lot of material from many farms. Two models have been studied during the Ontario agricultural plastics recycling pilot project for how to effectively collect plastics:
Recycling

Garbage Truck Pick-Up Trucking Depot Site With Compactor Farm Using Ag-Plastic Farmer Delivers Energy Recovery

Figure 6: Collection Models 1. On Farm Pickup Trucks would be rented and drivers hired to pick up the plastics and deliver it to the closest depot site. Farmers within a 50 kilometer radius of the depot site would qualify to have their plastics picked up. Farmers outside of this distance would have to make arrangements to drive their plastics in to meet a truck on its route or to bring the plastics directly to the depot. At the depot, plastics would be baled/compacted and shipped. 2. Farmers Deliver Plastic to Collection Depot Farmers would be notified that they can bring their plastics into the depot site at their own expense on set collection days. Pilot projects and surveys conducted have shown that farmers living within a one hour drive of the depots are willing to adopt this model, but farmers outside this range are opposed to this model and would prefer a closer drop-off.

16

Farmers are also concerned with the liability they face by having to drive the plastics in their trucks/trailers for long distances. With their trucks loaded full of plastics, they must use reduced speeds and in the case of open box trailers there is the possibility of plastics coming loose and flying onto the road creating the potential for serious accidents. For any method of transport, loose plastics must be tarped to minimize the potential for accidents. In our pilot projects, a system based on model two has been shown to be the most successful. At the drop-off site, plastics are baled/ compacted and then shipped to the recycler. Farmers are encouraged to pre-register with the collection organizers to let them know how much and what type of plastics are coming. During the collection process, farmers are asked some survey questions and feedback is given to the farmer regarding the cleanliness of their plastics. To reduce the transportation cost, the farmer can use a farm-type small square baler that uses tine forks for cross-feeding into the baling chamber in order to compact plastic on the farm. Note that there is a safety concern when using a farm baler: plastic could wrap around the person feeding the plastic and pull and the person into the baler. Extreme care must be taken. The best practice is to stuff plastic into clear plastic bags or use a small wooden compactor made from plywood (Figure 7 a and b).

17

Figure 7(a) Plywood Box to make plastic bales. (Source: OMAF)

Figure 7(b) Finished plastic bales (Source: OMAF)

Key points about on-farm baling are:

The plastic should be fed into the baler by spreading the plastic into a windrow and driving the baler into the plastic.

Windrows should be approximately a 1 m deep x 0.6 m high (3 by 2). It is very important that the farmer not hand feed the plastics into the baler, because this can cause serious injuries if feet or hands become tangled in the plastics.

Large round balers can also be used to bale plastic, but the resulting bale size and shape may be too big to handle. The plastics recycling industry tends to prefer plastic in a commercially compacted form.

Figure 8: Windrow of plastics being baled. (Source: OMAFRA)

Figure 9: Small square bale of plastics, and plastics windrows in background (bale 2.5 long, weight 35 to 45 pounds) (Source: OMAFRA)

18

Tips for Holding Collection Days

The farmer should bring plastic bales or, if baling is not possible, loose plastics to the local collection. The depot where the local collection is held would ideally have a commercial compactor on hand to compress the plastics into large (1500 lb plus) bales.

Figure 10: Commercially compacted large bale of plastics (40 x 48 x 48, weight 1500 pounds). (Source: OMAF)

Figure 11: Loading agricultural plastics into a cardboard compactor (Source: OMAF)

The compactors required to bale agricultural plastics are of sizes typically used in recycling depots to bale pop cans, newspapers or plastic bottles. Compaction reduces the plastic film bulk to about 1/6th of its original volume, reducing transportation costs to the reprocessing plant. Operations are typically owned by a municipality, group of municipalities or a company that contracts to municipalities. Although it is possible to use a farm balers (e.g. round balers) to bale plastics, during pilot projects it has been found that commercial/retail grade compactors do the best job of bulk reduction. Farm baling does an adequate job of compacting agricultural plastic wrap. However, plastic can get caught on the pick up and cause binding problems.
19

Also great care must be taken to prevent accidents from occurring. It is therefore recommended that commercial/retail compactors are the best solution.

Figure 12: Using a round baler to make a 750 kg bale of plastics. (Source: Claas Equipment Ltd., U.K.) Other key points about collection days are:

It is preferable that a large compactor be on hand at the collection site because this will reduce the need to truck the plastics from the collection site to the compacting site. This may not always be possible, however. In Oxford County, the Zorra Township program sorts the plastic into clean, large trailer-sized waste management containers that are then taken by truck to the compactor site. Previously, a waste management truck that loaded bins from over the truck cab was used.

Loose plastics should be tarped or otherwise secured during transport from the farm to the collection site. Unsecured plastics pose a threat to safe driving. By law, trailers hauling plastics must be tarped or contained (similar to gravel trucks).

20

Figure 13: Tarped trailer. (Source: OMAFRA)

Figure 14: Plastics transported on the back of a pickup truck. (Source: OMAFRA)

Collection sites should be as close to the farmer as possible. Therefore, it is best if local organizations - municipalities or companies are found that can provide a location for collection and an appropriate baler. Farmers should not need to drive more than 45 minutes to the collection site.

Local governments/organizations should coordinate the collection of agricultural plastics rather than private companies because they can usually offer a more stable program which is not dependent on profit.

Farmers should pre-register prior to the collection day. Pre-registration offers several advantages:

it increases quality control. it allows for an estimation of the volume of material to be collected. it establishes contacts for future collection days.

Holding a collection day twice a year is ideal because it reduces the need for on-farm storage of plastics by the farmer.

21

Quality Control Plastics that are to be recycled should have a minimum of contamination. At the reprocessing plant, incoming plastics should be inspected for contamination and accepted or rejected depending on the level of contamination. Contamination includes dirt, sand, stones, grease, vegetation, water, other types of plastics, glue, tape, and ultraviolet (UV) light degradation. Film that has lost its flexibility and is crinkly has serious ultraviolet light damage, which severely limits its recyclability. It is important that any plastics being brought to the collection site be carefully scrutinized to make sure that other unwanted items are not collected with it. Tires and metal fence posts, among other things, have been accidentally donated to previous collections coordinated by OMAF. Tables 4 and 5 list typical observations made during pilot agricultural plastic collections in Ontario.

Figure 15: Plastic that is clean enough for recycling. (Source: OMAFRA)

22

Figure 16: Plastic that is too dirty to be recycled. (Source: OMAFRA) Table 4: A sampling of the typical collection results received from pilot projects Amount Brought In Distance Traveled Storage Method Age of Film Amount Rejected Contaminants 100 Bales - 2 Ag Bags 19 km Shed 1 year old 5% String, Dirt, Haylage, Moisture 300 Bales 25 km Shed 1 year old 2% String, Dirt, Haylage, Water 300 Bales 16 km Shed 1 year old none A little Dirt 300 Bales 5 km Outside 1 year old 40 % Dirt, String, Moisture

Table 5. Typical ranges of plastics contamination at collection. Plastics Sample Dry Average Wet/Dirty Moisture Contamination 0% 25% 47% Dirt Contamination 14% 4% 6% Total Contamination 14% 29% 53%

23

Upon collection, feedback should be given to farmers regarding the cleanliness of their plastics. If their plastics are dirty, farmers should be encouraged to change their routines or run the risk of their plastics not being accepted the next collection date.

Reprocessing of Plastics
At the reprocessing plant, following inspection for contamination the plastics films are typically chopped in a grinder, washed to remove contaminates, separated into individual plastics types and dried, then fed into an extruder where heat and pressure melt the plastics. The molten plastics are then extruded into fine strands, cooled, and chopped into pellets that can be used by manufacturers to make new plastics products.

Figure 17: Pellets being produced at a plastics reprocessing plant. (Source: OMAFRA)

Figure 18: Pellets. (Source: OMAFRA)

Products Made From Recycled Plastics

There is a need to operate a large scale plastic collection to obtain enough plastics to produce a large volume of recycled agricultural plastic pellets or flakes. There is also a need to ship this material to a variety of plastics manufactures to increase the potential end use markets for used agricultural plastics. To initially break-in to new markets, test

24

shipments may be sent to industry at a significantly reduced price. If the industry can use recycled plastics successfully, subsequent shipments may be sold at market price. Plastic film is a by-product of the petroleum industry and so the price of virgin plastics fluctuates with the price of oil. This means that in times of low petroleum prices recycled plastics become uncompetitive. Potential End Use Markets for Recycled Plastics: Plastic lumber Garbage bags Puck-board [plastic plywood] Horse Fencing Farm Pens for Dairy, Hogs, Poultry Roadside Posts Figure 19: Products Made From Recycled Plastics (Source: OMAFRA)

Figure 20: Picnic table made from recycled plastics. (Source: Dumfries (Scotland) Plastic Recycling)

Figure 21: Plastic fencing. (Source: Heritage Fence)

Summary
Here in Ontario, it has been shown that recycling can be a viable alternative to Ontario farmers for the disposal of their agricultural plastics. However, farmers must be willing to find ways to separate their plastics and keep their plastics clean. With support

25

from farmers, government, and the plastics industry, increasing use of recycled plastics by manufacturers and processors should help to increase the demand and markets for it.

26

Plastic Recycling Contacts

June 2002

Ontario Key Contacts

Steve Clarke, P. Eng., Rural/Environmental Engineer and Provincial Crop Engineering Specialist, OMAF Provincial Government Building, Concession Rd. Box 2004, Kemptville, ON K0G 1J0 Tel: (613) 258-8305 Fax: (613) 258-8392 sclarke@omafra.gov.on.ca OMAF Christoph Kessel, Nutrition-Horticulture Program Lead University of Guelph 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, ON N1G 2W1 Tel: (519) 824-4120 ext. 2480 Fax: (519) 826-3567 ckessel@omafra.gov.on.ca Ontario Soil and Crop Improvement Association Harold Rudy 1 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 4Y2 Tel: (519) 826-4214 Fax: (519) 826-4224 www.ontariosoilcrop.org hrudy@ontariosoilcrop.org Ontario Cattlemens Association Contact: Peter Doris, Special Products Manager 130 Malcolm Rd. Guelph, ON N1K 1B1 Tel: (519) 824-0334 Fax: (519) 824-9101 www.cattle.guelph.on.ca AEP Industries (Sunfilm silage wrap) 125 Phillips Ave. South Hackensack, N.J. USA 07606 Tel: (201) 807-2482 Fax: (201) 807-2346 Toll-Free: (800) 999-AEPI (2374) www.aepinc.com Contact: Carl Opperman, Vice-President Industrial Products Division Amplas Manufacturing Ltd (Plastics products) 1-9 Ivyhouse La Hastings, East Sussex TN354NN Tel: 011-44-424 722650 Carl Fletcher, Strategic Planning and Business, OMAF 1 Stone Rd. W. Guelph, ON N1G 2W1 Tel: (519) 826-3235 Fax: (519) 826-4342 cfletche@omafra.gov.on.ca Ontario Ministry of the Environment (MOE) Rick Warner, Senior Materials Specialist 3RS Client Services 40 St. Clair St. W, 7th Floor Toronto, ON M4V 1M2 Tel: (416) 325-4422 Fax: (416) 325-4437 warnerri@ene.gov.on.ca Randy Howanyk 11 Appletree Drive Kitchener, ON N2A 4C9 Tel: (519) 896-6374 Fax: (519) 896-6375

Manufacturers - Film
Ag Bag International (Ag Bag tubes) 2320 SE Ag-Bag Lane Warrenton, OR 97146 USA Tel: (800) 334-7432 (503) 861-1644 Fax: (503) 861-2527 www.agbag.com

Atlantic Packaging Products Ltd. (plastic bags) Roger Keeley 111 Progress Ave. Scarborough, ON M1P 2Y9 Tel: (416) 298-5422 Fax: (416) 297-2218

27

AT Plastics Inc. (Agri-Pac silage bags) 142 Kennedy Rd. S., Brampton, ON L6W 3G4 Tel: (905) 451-1630 Fax: (905) 451-0039 www.atplas.com Sam Andrews Eastern Canada Account Manager Tel: (905) 452-6705 Fax: (905) 451-1677 andrews@atplas.com Stan Chmelyk, P.Eng. Manager, Technical Services, Films Tel: (905) 452-6760 Fax: (905) 451-1677 Pactiv Corp. (Maxtech SF silage bags) 1900 West Field Court Lake Forest, IL 60045 Tel: (888) 828-2850 www.pactiv.com Eastern Canada Contact Eric Kubic (514) 425-6555 Sacomatic Inc. (Sacomatic silage bags) 790, Rang 4 Saints-Anges, PQ G0S 3E0 Tel: (418) 253-5745 Fax: (418) 253-5645 www.sacomatic.com Contact: Yves Giriad Tube-o-lator Inc. (Tube-o-lator line wrap) Contact: Gerry Brodrecht RR#1 Thorsby, AB T0C 2P0 Tel: (403) 789-2411 Fax: (403) 789-3627 Toll-Free: (800) 265-8823 www.tube-o-lator.com Local contact: Ed Ladouceur, Sales (613) 658-2300 W. Ralston (Canada) Inc. (plastic film) Paul Cohen 135 East Drive Brampton, ON L6T 1B5 Tel: (905) 791-3980 Fax: (905) 791-0587 www.wralston.ca

Balcan Plastics Ltd. (plastic film) 9340 Meaux St. St-Leonard, PQ H1R 3H2 Tel: (514) 326-9130 Fax: (514) 326-4565 www.balcan.com Contact: Jack Baron 920 Alness St. Downsview, ON M3J 2H7 Tel: (416) 661-6266 Fax: (416) 661-4819

Presto Products Company (Nutrigard bale wrap) P.O. Box 2399, Appleton, WI, USA 54912-2399 Tel: (717) 392-0848 Fax: (717) 392-5412 Toll-Free: (888) 731-5330 www.nutrigard.com Tenneco Packaging Suite 300 Dearfield, Illinois 60015 USA Tel: (847) 914-1909 Fax: (847) 914-1991 Contact: John Burns Uniplast Industries Inc. (plastic film) Jack Swinimer Box 2000, 301 Forest Ave. Orillia, ON L3B 6R9 Tel: (705) 326-1777 Fax: (705) 325-7120

BP Chemicals Gil Vitands 150 W. Warrenville Rd. Mail Code C-1 Naperville, Il. 60566 Phone: 630-420-4402 Fax: 630-961-7979 Email: vitande@bp.com

28

Distributors and Retailers of Film

Plastitech Inc. (Maxtech SF silage bags) 478 Notre Dame C.P.750 St-Rmi, Qubec J0L 2L0 Ontario Contact: Eric Mnard Tel: (450) 454-3961 Fax: (450) 454-6638 Toll-free: (800) 667-6279 www.plastitech.com R & R Materials Robert Mowatt and Randy Lavier #3 Unit 5 South Gower Business Park Kemptville, ON K0G 1J0 Tel: (613) 258-9828 Norcan Farm Equipment Ltd. Box 1237, Cambridge ON N1R 6C9 Tel: (519) 623-8261 Fax: (519) 623-2299 Calhoun Agri Services Ltd. (Sunfilm silage wrap) Box 453, R.R.2 Chesley, ON N0G 1L0 Tel: (519) 363-3037 Fax: (519) 363-2354 Toll-Free: (800) 265-3994 www.calhoun.on.ca info@calhoun.on.ca Zorwood Agr. Services Ltd. David Howe RR#5 Embro, ON N0J 1J0 Tel: (519) 475-4184

Amjay Company Ropes and Twines 17075 Leslie St. Unit 6 Newmarket, ON L3Y 8E1 Tel: (800) 668-5104 Fax: (905) 830-0448

Horst Choring Aids Company Glen or Elvin Horst RR#4 Elmira, ON N3B 2Z3 Tel: (519) 669-5439 Fax: (519) 669-5430 Alberta AgIndustries Ltd Box 1560 Westlock, AB T0G 2L0 Tel: (404) 349-4719 Fax: (403) 349-4741 Branches Paper Recycling Box 206 - 240 Enterprise Rd. 417 Industrial Park Vars, ON K0A 3H0 Tel: (613) 443-2370 Fax: (613) 443-0104 Contact: John Trudeau Barrons Disposal Systems RR#1 Haley Station, ON Tel: (613) 432-6070

Local Recycling Private Companies or Municipalities

Scotts Plains Recycling 390 Pido Rd, Peterborough ON, K9J 6X0 (705) 876-1600 Contact: John Baldry

R.A.R.E. 265 Industrial Rd. Alexandria, ON K0C 1A0 Tel: (613) 525-5112 Fax: (613) 525-5114 Contact: Rene Jeaurond Zorra Township Jennie Hinan P.O. Box 306, Ingersoll, ON N5C 3K5 Tel: (519) 485-2490 Fax: (519) 485-2520

Township of North Dundas P.O. Box 489 St. Lawrence St. Winchester, Ont. K0C 2K0 Tel: (613) 774-2105 Fax: (613) 774-5699 Contact: Doug Froats

29

Rob Sinclair Solid Waste Services Division City of Ottawa 110 Laurier Ave. West, 5th Floor Ottawa, ON K1P 1J1 tel. (613) 580-2424 ext. 22643 fax (613) 560-1274 e-mail: Robert.Sinclair@city.ottawa.on.ca Enviroplast Inc. (plastic recycling) 9060 Parkway, Anjou PQ, H1J 1N5 Tel: (514) 352-6060 Fax: (514) 352-9177 www.enviroplast.com Polychem Products (plastics recycling and trading) 725, Gaudette St. Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, PQ Contacts: Serge Bourret or Gianni Berloni Tel: (450) 348-7392 Fax: (450) 349-2225 www.polychemproducts.com Island Plastics Inc. 240 Mason Road P.O. Box 24020 Stratford, PE C1B 2V5 Phone: (902) 894-7527 Fax: (902) 894-4746 http://www.plasticlumber.ca Contact: Darryl Gallagher Tel: (902) 569-1368 Cleave Recycling
Formally World-wide Recycling of Agriculural Plastics (WRAP)

North Grenville Karen Dunlop Kemptville Landfill Site, 190 Cty. Rd. # 44 Kemptville 613 258 7612

Plastic Recycling Markets

Envision Recycling (LDPE film recovery) P.O. Box 9, Depot 1 Hamilton ON L8L 7T5 Tel: (905) 627-3600 Fax: (905) 627-4522 Toll Free: (800) 663-2988 www.envisionrecycling.com NexCycle Industries Ltd. 5 Manitou Dr., Unit 15B-2 Kitchener, ON N2C 2J6 Tel: (519) 893-3130 Fax: (519) 893-3318 www.nexcycle.com

Agri-Plas Systems Inc. 52 Matwood Drive Stratford, PE, CA C1B 1K6 Phone: (902) 569-1965 Fax: (902) 569-1952 http://www.agriplas.ca

(pre-processing) Dave Cleave or Matthew Wright P.O Box 2121 Picton, ON K0K 2T0. Tel: (613) 847 1117 Email: davin@reach.net Densiplast Technology Contact: Ian Main Rosetta Unit 7G Georgetown, ON L7G 3P1 Tel: (519) 809-0138 / (519) 836-0242 Fax: (519) 836-8159

Ontario Recycling, Inc. 12 Cairn St. Rochester NY 14611 Tel: (716) 328-4253 Fax: (716) 328-4256 http://www.ontariorecyclinginc.com

30

Manufacturers and Distributors End Products from Recycled Plastic

Canadian Plastic Lumber Contact: Jim Smiley 164 Needham St., Unit 6 Lindsay, ON K9V 5R7 Tel: (705) 878-5700 Fax: (705) 878-5702 Toll-Free: (888) 255-1212 www.cp-lumber.com Trex Company, LLC Roger A. Wittenberg Senior Vice President, technical operations 20 South Cameron Street Winchester, Virginia 22601 USA Tel: (540) 678-4079 Fax: (540) 678-0886 www.trex.com New City Resources Inc. NCR Industrial Centre, 250 Baseline Rd. E. Bowmanville, ON L1C 1A4 Tel: (905) 697-3888, Fax: (905) 697-0980 Contact: Simon Karam E-Mail: info@newcityresources.com www.newcityresources.com Poly-Pacific Inc. (parent company for Everwood Agricultural Products) 8918 18 St. Edmonton, AB T6P 1K6 Tel: (780) 467-3612 Fax: (780) 464-1852 Contact: Karen Christian www.poly-pacific.com poly@poly-pacific.com Everwood Agricultural Products Inc. Bob Bilger 429 John St. N. Aylmer, Ont. N5H 2B6 Tel: (519) 773-5889 Fax: (519) 773-3575 Davon Sales Inc. For: Kent Farm Equipment Box 24014 CDO 1100 Dundas St. Woodstock, ON N4S 8Y4 Tel: (519) 537-2375 Fax: (519) 537-7991 Toll-free (800) 561-1706 Bedford Industries, Inc. Contact: Bob Hill 1659 Rowe Ave., Box 39 Worthington, Minnesota 56187 Tel: (507) 376-4136 Sol Plastics Contact: Chantal Rouleau Tel: 1-888-SOL-PLAS (765-7527) Tel.: (514) 254-8525 Fax.: (514) 254-6325 1501, des Futailles Street, Montreal (Quebec) CANADA H1N 3P1 http://www.solplastiques.com/index.htm

J.B.C. Manufacturing (Envirobar and Plasboard Distributors) RR#5 Lucknow, ON N0G 2N0 Tel: (519) 528-2643 Fax: (519) 528-2057

Crozier Agencies For: Victor Stanley, Inc. 121 Brunel Rd. Mississauga, ON L4Z 3E9 Tel/Fax: (905) 890-0582 Toll-free: (800) 665-3821 Tiqsons Technologies, Inc. (Down to Earth Family Products) 6677 MTCC Meadowvale RPO P.O. Box 21145 Mississauga, ON L5N 2W0 Tel: (905) 785-9923 Fax: (905) 785-9233 www.tiqsons.com/plastics/ Wellington Polymer Technology Inc. Contact: Jim Nash 650 Riverview Drive, Unit 1 P.O. Box 1462 Chatham, Ontario, N7M 5W8 Tel: (519) www.enviroshake.com

Energy Recovery from Plastic

31

Peel Resource Recovery Inc. 7656 Brama Lee Brampton, ON (905) 791-2777 Contact: Dan Pierce

SWARU (Laidlaw Energy Tech.) 470 Kenora Hamilton, ON L8E 3X8 (905)560-2332 Contact: John Moore American Society for Plasticulture 526 Brittany Drive State College, PA 16803-1420 USA Tel: (814) 238-7045 Fax: (814) 238-7051 www.plasticulture.org

Plastic Recycling Associations

Environment and Plastics Information Council 5925 Airport Rd. Suite 500, Mississauga, ON L4V 1W1 Tel: (905) 678-7405 Fax: (905) 678-0774 www.plastics.ca/epic Contact: Catherine Cirko Fred Edgecoomb Charmain Entine Recycling Council of Ontario 489 College St., Suite 504 Toronto, ON MG6 1A5 Tel: (416) 960-1025 Fax: (416) 960-8053 www.rco.on.ca American Plastics Council 1300 Wilson Blvd. Suite 800, Arlington VA 22209 USA Tel: (800) 243-5790 www.plastics.org www.plasticsresource.com (info on plastic recycling)

Association of Municipal Recycling Coordinators 25 Douglas Street, Guelph, ON N1H 2S7 Tel: (519) 823-1990 Fax (519) 823-0084 www.amro.guelph.org Contact: Ben Bennett Linda Varangu Center for Plastics Recycling Reseach Information Services Division Building 3529, Busch Campus P.O. Box 1179 Piscataway, NJ 08855-1179 Tel: (908) 932-4402

Canadian Plastics Industry Association 5925 Airport Rd., Suite 500 Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4V 1W1 Tel: (905) 678-7748 Fax: (905) 678-0774 www.plastics.ca Canadian Association of Recycling Industries Ottawa Office Len Shaw - Executive Director Tel: (613) 256-8533 Fax: (613) 256-8534 Ajax Office Donna Turner Association Manager Tel: (905) 426-9313 Fax: (905) 426-9314 www.cari-acir.org Ontario Waste Exchange 2395 Speakman Drive Mississauga, ON L5K 1B3 Tel: (905) 822-7630 Fax: (905) 822 4111 Email: owe@ortech.on.ca www.ortech.on.ca

Other Contacts: Canada

32

Alberta Environmental Protection Contact: Dean Bell, Coordinator, Municipal Programs, Action on Waste Branch 12th floor, South Petroleum Plaza Edmonton, AB T5K 2G8 Tel: (780) 422-8466 Fax: (780) 427-1594 dean.bell@gov.ab.ca British Columbia Contact: Don Bates, P. Ag. Abbotsford Agricultural Centre 1767 Angus Campbell Rd. Abbotsford, BC V3G 2M3 Tel: (604) 556-3085

P.E.I. Department of Agriculture and Forestry Contact: Shane Murphy, Specialist Services Supervisor, Market and Industry Development Div. Research Station 440 University Ave. Charlottetown, PE C1A 4N6 Tel: (902) 368-5611 Fax: (902) 368-5729 Island Waste Management Corporation East Prince Waste Management Facility P.O. Box 271 Slemon Park, PE C0B 2A0 Tel: (902) 854-2241 Fax: (902) 854-2133

United States
University of Vermont Extension System Contact: Glenn Rogers 278 South Main Street, Suite 2 St. Albans, Vermont 05478-1866 Tel: (802) 524-6501 Fax: (802) 524-6062 (note: Glenn Rogers is on sabbatical until January 2001) University of Connecticut Cooperative Extension Service John W. Bartok Jr. Extension Professor and Extension Ag. Engineer Department of Natural Resources & Engineering 1376 Storrs Rd. U-87 Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4087 Tel: (203) 486-2840 Fax: (203) 486-5408 Email: jbartok@canrl.cag.uconn.edu U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Risk Management Research Laboratory Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division Air Pollution Technology Branch, MD-65 Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 Contact William Linak, Ph.D. Tel: (919) 541-5792 Fax: (919) 541-0554 Email: blinak@inferno.rtpnc.epa.gov www.epa.gov/docs/crb DSM Environmental Services Inc. Natalie T. Starr Environmental Analyst Thrasher Rd. & Rt. 5, Box 466 Ascutney, VT 05030 USA Tel: (802) 674-2840 Fax: (802) 674-6915

James W. Garthe Agricultural Engineer and Instructor The Pennsylvania State University 246 Agricultural Engineering Building University Park, PA 16802 Tel: (814) 865-7154 Fax: (814) 863-1031

Amidon Recycling Consulting Services Solid Waste Management Arthur Amidon 125 Burns Hill Rd. Wilton, NH 03086 Tel: (603) 654-6577 Fax: (603) 654-6717 Association of Plastics Manufacturers in Europe Avenue van Nieuwhenhuyse 4, Box 3 B-1160 Brussels, Belgium Tel: (32 2) 675 32 97 Fax: (32 2) 675 39 35 www.apme.org info.apme@apme.org

Europe - Associations
International Federation of Agricultural Producers Rue Chaptal, 21 F-75009 Paris, France Tel: (33 1) 45 26 05 53 Fax: (33 1) 48 74 72 12 www.ifap.org

33

European Association of Plastics Recycling and Recovery Organizations (EPRO) Contact: Christian Staudbauer P/a OKK, Handelskai / Top 841 A-1020 Wien, Austria Tel: +43 1 720700142 Fax: +43 1 720700140 E-mail: okk-cs@okk.co.at http://www.epro-recycling.org The Scottish Plastic and Rubber Association www.spra.org.uk info@spra.org.uk

European Plastics Recyclers (EUPR) Avenue de Cortenbergh 66, Box 4 B-1040 Brussels Contact: Alexander Dangis Tel: +32 2 732 4124 Fax: +32 2 732 4218 Email: eupr@skynet.be

Environment Agency Wales Rivers House, St. Mellons Business Park Fortran Road, St. Mellons Cardiff, CF3 OEY Tel: 011 44 2920 770088 Fax: 011 44 2920 798555 http://www.environment-agency.wales.gov.uk

United Kingdom Plastics Manufacturers

British Polythene Industries, PLC John Sale Yarm Road, Stockton-on-Tees, Co. Durham TS18 3RD http://www.britpoly.co.uk britpoly@compuserve.com Tel: 011 44 1642 672288 Fax: 011 44 1642 664293 Amalgamated Plastics Ltd. Carbone Road Industrial Estate Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3JN United Kingdom Tel: 011 44 0707 650771 Fax: 011 44 0707 646736 Anaplast-Ardeer Alan Harrington Lundholm Rd. Ardeer, Stevenston, Ayrshire Scotland KA20 3NQ Tel: 011 44 1294 605111 Fax: 011 44 1294 601125

United Kingdom Agricultural Plastic Recycling

Dumfries Plastics Recycling Jim Montgomery, Works Director College Rd., Dumfries, Scotland DG2 0BU Tel: 011 44 1387 247110 Fax: 011 44 1387 247109 - runs a plastics recycling plant that handles ag plastics Roy Hiddleston Solway Recycling Rigghead Farm, Shawhead Dumfrieshire, Scotland DG2 9SH Tel/Fax: 011 44 1387 730420 SOLWAY@aol.com - collects and bales ag plastics Web site http://www.solwayrecycling.co.uk/

34

Harry Birnie North of Scotland Plastic Whynieton, Maud, Peterhead, Scotland AE42 5SA Tel/fax: 011 44 1771 544444 - collects and bales ag plastic

Kathryn Beardmore Regional Manager (North), Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority Yorebridge House, Bainbridge, Leyburn, North Yorkshire, DL8 3EE Tel (01969) 650456 ext 306 E-mail: Kathryn.Beardmore@yorkshiredales.org.uk Website for Information on Scheme: http://www.riverswale.org.uk/project07.html - developing ag plastic recycling scheme Austen Ward Projects Officer Innovation Relay Centre North England Beta Technology Ltd. Barclay Court, Doncaster Carr Doncaster, DN4 5HZ England Email: austen@betatechnology.co.uk - promotion of technology transfer programs in Europe; contacted other programs in Europe and relayed information between them Second Life Plastics Wales Marilyn Birch Old Sawmills, Pencrug, Carmarthen Road, Llandeilo, Carmarthenshire, Wales SA19 6RS Tel: 011 44 1558 824590 http://www.slpw.co.uk - coordinates ag plastics recycling in Wales Liam Tiernan, REPAK, 1 Ballymount Road, Clondalkin, Dublin, Ireland 22 Tel: (01) 4578200 Fax: (01) 4670197 REPAK - Tel: 4670190 Fax: (01) 4670197 Email: info@repak.ie WebSite: www.repak.ie Recycling freephone 1800 300 444 - agricultural plastics recycling in Ireland

Cumbria Farming and Wildlife Advisory Group Anderson Court, Sullart St. Cockermouth, Cumbria, England CA13 0EB Tel/fax: 011 44 1900 828684 Email: cumbria@fwag.org.uk Contact: Carol Douglas, Project Officer (part-time) Tel 01900-824000 fax 01900-828684 mobile 0771 3333153 e-mail farmplastic@aol.com http://www.fwag.org.uk/PublicFacing/LocalGroups/ Cumbria/index.htm -coordinates an ag plastic recycling scheme Urban Mines The Cobbett Centre Vilage Street, Norwood Green Halifax HX3 8QG England www.urbanmines.org.uk Email: info@urbanmines.org.uk Tel: +44 1274 699400 Fax: +44 1274 699410 - developing ag plastic recycling scheme Royal Scottish Agricultural Benevolent Institution Ian Purves-Hume Islington, Edinburgh EH28 8NB Tel: 011 44 1313 331023 Fax: 011 44 1313 331027 Email: rsabi@rsabi.org.uk http://www.rsabi.org.uk - runs a ag plastics recycling program in Scotland

Other Europe Contacts

Dominique Launay Pays de La Loire Innovation Centre des Salorges II 1 Bd Salvador Allende BP 50531 44105 Nantes Cedex 4, France Tel: 02 51 84 12 12 Email: d.launay@pdlinnov.com - ag plastics recycling in France

35

Arena Recycling Henk Oost, Manager Sales & Business Development Dieselstraat 22, 7131 PC Lichtenvoorde, The Netherlands Tel: 31 544 371372 Fax: 31 544 375495 - recycles most agricultural bags and sheets from Northern Europe The Netherlands Organization of Industrial Technology Hans deGroot, Environment Co-ordinator Product Development Division TNO Industrial Technology Dept. Sustainable Product Innovation Schoemakerstraat 97, NL-2628 VK Delft, P.O.Box 6031, NL-2600 JA Delft The Netherlands Tel: + 31 15 269 6229 Fax: + 31 15 269 6277 Email: h.degroot@ind.tno.nl - wrote up on best management practices for plastics in Europe Cicloplast Rosario Pino, 6-7 B E-28020 Madrid, Spain Tel. (34) 91 571 7606 Fax (34) 91 579 6345 E-mail: cicloplast@cicloplast.com Managing Director: Teresa Martinez Contact: Alberto Caldeiro E-mail: ciclopla@teleline.es www.cicloplast.com - developing ag plastics recycling in Spain Deje Bruk AB Box 106 S-669 22 DEJE, Sweden Tel: +46 552-411 50 Fax: +46 552-411 73 E-mail: ab.deje@telia.com Plastic recycling - agricultural plastics and HDPE plastic packaging. Contact: Lars Hald or Leif Andersson

Swiss Federal Research Economics and Engineering Station for Agricultural Ueli Wolfensberger, Station for Agricultural, Dipl. Masch.-Ing.ETH Sektionschef Energie- und Umwelttechnick CH-8356 Tanikon Tel: 052 3683131 Fax:052 365 1190 Email:Ulrich.Wolfensberger@fat.admin.ch Stichting Folined Dorpsstraat 50 2396 HC Koudekerk a/d Rijn The Netherlands Tel: +31 71 5896842 Fax: +31 71 5899800 - ag plastics recycling in The Netherlands

Raffinerie Tirlemontoise SA Avenue De Tervuren 182 B-II50 Brussels Belgium Tel: (2) 771 00 30 Fax: (2) 771 92 35 - ag plastics recycling scheme in Belgium

Plastretur AS Karenslyst All 9A, postboks 441, 0212 N-Oslo Norway Tel: +47 22 12 17 80 Fax: +47 22 12 17 81 E-mail: plastretur@plastretur.no http://www.plasretur.no Contact: Peter Sundt - agricultural plastics reycling in Norway

36

Dr. Uwe Birk Innovation Relay Centre North Rhine-Westphalia ZENIT GmbH Dohne 54 D-45468 Muelheim an der Ruhr http://www.zenit.de tel: +49 208-30004-49 fax: +49 208-30004-68 email: bi@zenit.de - source of information on ag plastics recycling in Germany

KK - sterreichischer Kunststoff Kreislauf AG Handelskai 388 / Top 841 A-1020 Vienna, Austria Tel.: +43(1)7207001 Fax: +43(1)7207001-40 e-mail: okk@okk.co.at http://www.okk.co.at/okk/ - recycling and energy recovery from plastics

Australia
Western Australia Dept. Of Agriculture Bill Smart Box 1231 Bunbury, Western Australia 6231 Australia Tel: 097 25 5218 Fax: 097 25 4136 Email: bsmart@agric.wa.gov.au www.agric.wa.gov.au/ North Eastern Victoria Region Waste Council Jennie Hermiston PO Box 132 Ivanhoe, Victoria 3079, Australia Tel: +61 3 9499 7831 Fax:+ 61 3 9499 7841 Email: jennie.hermiston@nevrwaste.vic.gov.au - coordinates a plastics recycling program with the Walwa Landcare group in Victoria territory Plastics and Chemicals Industries Association Ian Swann Level 2, 263 Mary Street, Richmond, Victoria 3121, Australia Tel: +61 3 9429 0670 Fax: +61 3 9429 0690 Email: iswann@pacia.org.au www.pacia.org.au EcoRecycle Victoria Kevin Mooney Project Manager - Market Development Level 2 - 478 Albert St. East Melbourne Vic. 3002 Tel: +61 03 9653 6925 Fax: +61 03 9639 3077 Email: kmooney@ecorecycle.vic.gov.au - involved with the development of a code of practice for collecting film from farmers and funding of a washing plant to process plastics Dr. Klementina Khait Director, Polymer Technology Center Northwestern University 1801 Maple Avenue Evanston, IL 60201-3140 USA Tel: (847) 491-2742 Fax: (847) 467-5723 Email: kkhait@northwestern.edu - report on new technology for recycling agricultural waste

Reports
Plastic Recycling in Quebec Consultants MESAR inc.- Formation et Integration de gestion environnementale 6500, boul. Raoul-Duchesne, Becancour, P.Q., G9H 2V2 tel.: (819) 294-6120 (poste 222) fax: (819) 294-6123 email: nicolina.dagosto@mesar.qc.ca web site: www.mesar.qc.ca

37