(CCC ATHENES REFERENCE A298)

PAVEMENT CONSTRUCTION.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. SOURCES OF AGGREGATES FOR PAVING LAYERS. TESTING OF AGGREGATES. APPROVAL & INSPECTION OF AGGREGATES. STORAGE OF AGGREGATES. TIDYING -UP OF QUARRY AREA. 6. GRANULAR SUB - BASE.

GRANULAR SUB - BASE.

MATERIALS.
Granular sub base material for road sub base shall consist of hard ,durable natural / screened gravel or crushed stone,& shall be free from clay balls or other deleterious substances. Granular sub base shall be well graded & lie within the grading envelope stated below TABLE I when tested in accordance with BS 1377: Part 2 : Test 9.2. The material shall have a minimum C.B.R. of 30% at 95% of maximum dry density & should comply with ( TABLE II REVELENT TESTS & STANDARDS ).Organic impurities ( BS1377 Part 3 Method 3 shall not exceed 0.2% ).

Table I
SIEVE SIZE
63 mm 37.5 9.5 4.75 600 um 075

% PASSING
100 85 - 100 40 - 85 25 - 45 8 - 25 0 - 10

Construction
Road base material shall be delivered to the roadbed as uniform mixture & shall be spread in layers or windrows. Segregation shall be avoided & the sub base shall be free from pockets of coarse or fine materials. The compacted thickness of road sub base layer not exceeding 150 mm to the required grade & cross section. Particle size analysis of soils for sieve analysis of fine & coarse aggregate shall be carried out in accordance with BS1377:PART 2:TEST 9.2.

REVELENT TESTS & STANDARDS TABLE II

TEST STANDARD LIMIT
Sampling ASTM D75 Los Angeles Abrasion ASTM C-131 ORC-535 30% Max. Soundness ( MgSO3 Solution -5cycles) ASTM C88 12% Max Liquid Limit BS1377 Part2 Test4.5 35% Max Plasticity Index BS1377 Part2 Test 5 6 Max Compaction Test (Modified Proctor ) BS1377 Part4 Method 3.6 C.B.R. at 95% of Modified Proctor BS 1377 Part 4 Test 7 30% Min. Density(96 hour soaked) Field density BS 1377 Part 9 Test 2.2 95% Min. MDD Linear Shrinkage BS 1377 Part 2 Method 6.5 03% Max. Sulphate Content (Acid soluble) BS 812 Part 118 0.5% Max. Chloride content (Acid soluble) BS 812 Part 117 01% Max. Minimum Test Requirements One sample every 3000 M3 or parts of shall be tested for grading Plasticity Index, Max.Dry Density, CBR&Loss by Abrasion. Three insitu Density test shall be made every unit of granular sub-base laid ( one unit being 1500 M2),or as directed by the engineer.

AGGREGATE ROADBASE DESCRIPTION.

AGGREGATE ROAD BASE MATERIAL.
1. All aggregate Road base material shall be free from dirt, shale or other deleterious matter & shall be of such quality that it will bind readily to form a stable aggregate road base. 2. Aggregate road base shall consists of uniform mixtures of gravel & / or crushed gravel with sand, silt & clay, conforming to the specified gradation limits. 3. THE GRADATION LIMITS when tested in accordence with BS 1377 Part 2 Test 9.2 shall be as TABLE I.

Table I
SIEVE SIZE % PASSING
50 mm 100 37.5 70 - 100 28 55 - 85 20 50 - 80 10 40 - 70 5 30 - 60 2.36 20 - 50 425 uM 10 - 30 75 5 - 15 4. THE REQUIREMENTS for Aggregate road base are as in TABLE II :-

TABLE II TESTS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Sampling Liquid Limit Plasticity Index Sand Equivalent Los Angeles Abrasion Flakiness Index (Coarse Aggregate) Elongation Index ( Coarse Aggregate) Soundness ( MgSO3 Solution -5cycles) Organic Impurities Acid soluble Chloride- Combined Agg. Acid soluble Sulphate - Combined Agg. Max. Dry Density C.B.R.on Remoulded samples after 4 days soaking at 100% of the max.dry density.

STANDARDS
ASTM D75 BS1377 Part2 Test4.5 BS1377 Part2 Test 5 ASTM D - 2419 ASTM C-131 ORC-535 BS812 Part 105.1 BS812 Part 105.2 ASTM C88 BS1377 Part3 Method 3 BS 812 Part 117 BS 812 Part 118 BS 1377 Part 4 Test 3.6 BS 1377 Part 4 Test 7

LIMITS
25% Max 06 Max 40% Min. 30% Max. 35% Max. 35% Max. 12% Max 0.2% Max. 01% Max. 0.5% Max. 2% gr/cc Min. 80% Min.

5. Minimum Test Requirements, i. .One sample every 1000 m3 or part of as directed by the Engineer shall be tested for Grading , Plasticity Index , Sand Equivalent, Maximum Dry Density, C.B.R.& Loss of Abrasion. ii .Three in-situ Density tests shall be made per unit ( 900 m2 ) of aggregate road base or as directed by the Engineer. 6. Aggregate Road base shall be spread on the approved sub grade in layers not more than 150 mm in compacted depth.

WET- MIX MACADAM ROADBASE ,DESCRIPTION. AGGREGATE ROAD BASE MATERIAL.

1. All aggregate road base material shall consist of high quality crushed aggregate. 2. The coarse aggregate shall consist of crushed rock ( each particle shall have a minimum of one crushed face-DCLtest method DM 301 )& the fine aggregate shall be crushed rock or naturally occuring material. 3. THE GRADATION LIMITS when tested in accordence with BS 1377 Part 2 Method 9.2 or 9.3 shall be as TABLE I.

Table I
SIEVE SIZE % PASSING
50 mm 100 37.5 95 - 100 20 60 - 80 10 40 - 60 5 25 - 40 2.36 15 - 30 600 uM 8 - 22 63 2-8 4. The gradation shall be adjusted as required or as directed by the Engineer within the above limits to ensure the mix has adequate binding properties. 5. THE REQUIREMENTS for Wet-mix road base material shall have physical properties which do not exceed the values in TABLE II :-

TABLE II TESTS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Sampling Liquid Limit Linear Shrinkage Plasticity Index Aggregate Crushing Value Water Absorption Flakiness Index (Coarse Aggregate) Elongation Index ( Coarse Aggregate) Lo Angeles Abrasion Loss Soundness ( MgSO3 Solution -5cycles) Organic Impurities Chloride Content( Acid soluble) Sulphate Content ( Acid soluble) Sand Equivalent

STANDARDS
ASTM D75 BS1377 Part2 Test4.5 BS 1377 Part2 Method6.5 BS1377 Part2 Test 5 BS 812 Part 110 ASTM C128/C127 BS812 Part 105.1 BS812 Part 105.2 ASTM C131 or C535 ASTM C88 BS1377 Part3 Method 3 BS 812 Part 117 BS 812 Part 118 ASTM D - 2419

LIMITS
25% Max. 03% Max. 06 Max. 25% Max. 02% Max. 30% Max. 30% Max. 30% Max 12% Max 0.2% Max. 01% Max. 0.5% Max. 45 Min.

5. Minimum Test Requirements, i. .One sample every 1000 m3 or part of as directed by the Engineer shall be tested for Grading ,Plasticity Index ,Sand Equivalent, Maximum Dry Density, C.B.R.& Loss of Abrasion. ii .Three in-situ Density tests shall be made per unit ( 750 m2 ) of each layer of carriageway & three insitu density tests per unit (450 linear meters)of shoulder or as directed by the Engineer. Iii. where directed by the engineer a sieve analysis shall be carried out on the material recovered from 5 consecutive field density tests. where this sieve analysis shows oversize material content of 10% or greater the area of construction will be removed & the source of the material rejected until further notice. Other places of work using material from the same source shall be tested in a similar manner. 6. Wet Mix Macadam Road base shall be laid & compacted in layers maximum thickness of 150 mm except where otherwise specified.

BITUMINOUS PAVING COURSES,DESCRIPTION

1. THIS WORK SHALL CONSIST OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE FOLLOWING HOT MIX BITUMINOUS COURSES WHICH SHALL BE EITHER ASPHALTIC CONCRETE OR DENSE BITUMEN MACADAM. 2. BITUMINOUS PAVING COURSES SHALL CONSIST OF COARSE AGGREGATES,FINE AGGREGATES,FILLER , MATERIAL ,& BITUMEN BINDER.

COURSE AGGREGATES FOR BITUMINOUS PAVING COURSE.

1. Coarse aggregates which is the material retained on a 4.75 mmsieve, shall consist of crushed rock or crushed gravel. It shall be clean, hard,tough,durable & sound,& shall be of uniform quality & free from decomposed stone, shale, shale, clay, lumps & other deleterious substances. 2. Crushed gravel for use as course aggregate shall consist of the product obtained by crushing material that has first been screened in such a manner that not less than 90% of the material to be crushed is retained on an ASTM 3/8. 3. Percentages of partially crushed faces with minimum one crushed face shall be 100% by two each (stockpile) of aggregates. In addition at least 85% by wt. Of each separate stockpile of aggregate shall have all faces crushed. this 85% value may be reduced to 50% for certain categories of road where indicated on the drawings.( crushed face determination shall be as per Dullest Method DM 300 & 301. 4. THE REQUIREMENTS for the properties of COARSE AGGREGATE shall comply with the following values in TABLE I :-

TABLE I TESTS
1. Sampling 2. Los Angeles Abrasion Loss Base Course & Binder Course Wearing Course 3. Aggregate Crushing Value Base Course & Binder Course Wearing Course 4. Soundness ( MgSO3) 5. Acid soluble Chloride 6. Acid soluble Sulphate 7. Flakiness Index Base Course & Binder Course Wearing Course 8. Elongation Index Base Course & Binder Course Wearing Course 9. Water Absorption

STANDARDS
ASTM D75 ASTM C131 or C535 BS 812 Part 110 ASTM C88 BS 812 Part 117 BS 812 Part 118 BS812 Part 105.1 BS812 Part 105.2 ASTM C128/C127

LIMITS
30% Max. 25% Max. 25% Max. 20% Max. 10% Max. 0.1% Max. 0.5% Max. 30% Max. 25% Max. 30% Max. 25% Max. 02% Max.

FINE AGGREGATE FOR BITUMINOUS PAVING COURSE.

1. Fine aggregates shall consist of the material passing a 4.75 mm sieve. 2. Fine aggregate including filler shall be obtained from 100% crushed gravel or crushed rock pre-screened to exclude natural uncrushed fine material or weathered unsound fines. The use of dune sand shall not be permitted. 3. THE REQUIRMENTS for the properties of FINE AGGREGATES shall which comply with the following values in TABLE II :-

TESTS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Sampling Soundness ( MgSO3 ) Plasticity Index Acid soluble Chloride Acid soluble Sulphate Organic Impurities

TABLE II STANDARDS
ASTM D75 ASTM C88 BS1377 Part2 Test 5 BS 812 Part 117 BS 812 Part 118 ASTM C 40 ASTM C128/C127

LIMITS
10% Max Non - Plastic 0.1% Max. 0.5% Max. Color of supernatant liquid shall be lighter than std color solution 02.3% Max.

7. Water Absorption

MINERAL FILLER FOR BITUMINOUS PAVING COURSE. 1. When the combined grading of the coarse & fine aggregates is deficient in material passing the ASTM No.200 sieve, mineral filler shall be added as approved by the engineer . 2. mineral filler shall consist of finely ground particles of limestone or cement in accordance of ASTM D-242.It shall be thoroughly dry & free from organic substances & clay & meet the grading requirements following TABLE III :TABLE III MINERAL FILLER
B.S. SIEVE 600 uM 300 150 75 ASTM SIEVE SIZE NO. 30 NO. 50 NO. 100 NO. 200 % WT. PASSING 100 95 - 100 90 - 100 70 - 100

COMBINED AGGREGATE FOR BITUMINOUS PAVING COURSES.

1. The Combined mineral aggregate shall meet the following physical requirement :-

TESTS
Sand Equivalent, determined after all processing except for addition of asphalt binder Plasticity Index

STANDARDS
ASTM D-2419 BS1377 Part2 Test 5

LIMITS
Min. Non - Plastic

2. When tested according to ASTM C-117 & ASTM C-136, the combined mineral aggregate shall confirm to TABLE I FOR ASPHALTIC CONCRETE & TABLES 2,3& 4 for Dense Bitumen Macadam :-

TABLE 1-AGGREGATE GRADING FOR ASPHALTIC CONCRETE

SIEVE SIZE SQUARE OPENINGS ASTM 37.5 MM 25 19 12.5 9.5 4.75 2.36 0.85 0.425 0.18 0.075 TOTAL % PASSING BY WT. COURSE COURSE COURSE BASE BINDER WEARING 100 80 - 100 100 100 62 - 92 80 - 100 86 - 100 63 - 85 69 - 87 45 - 75 57 - 77 58 - 78 30 - 55 40 - 60 40 -0 60 20 - 40 25 - 45 25 - 45 15 - 30 15 - 30 15 - 30 10 - 22 10 - 22 10 - 22 6 - 15 6 - 15 6 - 15 2-8 2-8 2-8

TABLE 2 - AGGREGATE GRADATION FOR DENSE BITUMEN MACADAM ROAD BASE.

B.S. TEST SIEVE MM 50 37.5 28 14 6.3 3.35 0.300 0.075 AGGREGATE, CRUSHED ROCK OR GRAVEL % BY WT. PASSING 100 95 - 100 70 - 94 56 - 76 44 - 60 32 - 46 7 - 21 2-8

TABLE 3 - AGGREGATE GRADATION FOR DENSE BITUMEN MACADAM BASE COURSE.

B.S. TEST SIEVE MM 50 37.5 28 20 14 10 6.3 3.35 0.300 0.075 AGGREGATE, CRUSHED ROCK OR GRAVEL % PASSING BY WT. FOR FINISHED THICKNESS OF BASE COURSE 65 - 80 MM 50 - 60 MM 35 - 45 MM 100 95 - 100 100 70 - 94 90 - 100 100 71 - 95 95 - 100 56 - 76 58 - 82 65 - 85 52 - 72 44 - 60 44 - 60 39 - 55 32 - 46 32 - 46 32 - 46 7 - 21 7 - 21 7 - 21 2-8 2-8 2-8

TABLE 4 - AGGREGATE GRADATION FOR DENSE BITUMEN MACADAM WEARING COURSE.

B.S. TEST SIEVE MM 28 20 14 10 6.3 3.35 1.18 0.075 AGGREGATE, CRUSHED ROCK OR GRAVEL % PASSING BY WT. FOR FINISHED THICKNESS OF BASE COURSE 65 - 80 MM 50 - 60 MM 35 - 45 MM 100 95 - 100 100 70 - 90 95 - 100 100 55 - 75 70 - 90 95 - 100 40 - 60 45 - 65 55 - 75 25 - 40 30 - 45 30 - 45 15 - 30 15 - 30 15 - 30 2-6 2-6 2-6

3. The grading given in Table 1,2,3 & 4 represent the extreme limits which shall determine suitability of aggregate for use from all sources of supply. The aggregate as finally selected for use in the work shall have a grading within the limits designated in tables 1,2,3&4 as appropriate & for TABLE 1 may with the engineer agreement. 4. The coarse aggregate shall show no detrimental amount of stripping when tested in accordance with ASTM D-1664 .The minimum value of non stripped area shall be 95 % .If stripping occurs ,the aggregate shall be rejected & an approved method of treatment specified to change the material from a hydrophilic to a hydrophobic state as directed by the engineer ,or an approved additives shall be used with the bituminous binder.