Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension

Multiple Choice
1. Thepositionofaparticlemovingalongthexaxisisgivenby x = (21 + 22 t 6.0t 2 ) m ,wheretisins.Whatistheaveragevelocityduringthe timeintervalt=1.0sto t = 3.0 s? a. b. c. d. e. 2. 6.0m/s 4.0m/s 2.0m/s 8.0m/s 8.0m/s

Abulletisfiredthroughaboard,14.0cmthick,withitslineofmotion perpendiculartothefaceoftheboard.Ifitenterswithaspeedof450m/sand emergeswithaspeedof220m/s,whatisthebulletsaccelerationasitpasses throughtheboard? a. b. c. d. e. 500km/s 550km/s 360km/s 520km/s 275km/s

2 2 2 2 2

3.

Thepositionofaparticlemovingalongthexaxisisgivenby x = 6.0t 2 1.0t 3 , wherexisinmetersandtinseconds.Whatisthepositionoftheparticlewhenit achievesitsmaximumspeedinthepositivexdirection? a. b. c. d. e. 24m 12m 32m 16m 2.0m

4.

Thevelocityofaparticlemovingalongthexaxisisgivenfor t > 0 by v x = 32.0t 2.00 t 3 m/s,wheretisins.Whatistheaccelerationoftheparticle when(aftert=0)itachievesitsmaximumdisplacementinthepositivex direction?

a. b. c. d. e. 5.

64.0m/s zero 128m/s

2 2

32.0m/s

32.0m/s

Thepositionofaparticleasitmovesalongthexaxisisgivenfor t > 0 by x = t 3 3t 2 + 6t m,wheretisins.Whereistheparticlewhenitachievesits minimumspeed(aftert=0)?

a. b. c. d. e. 6.

3m 4m 8m 2m 7m

Thepositionofaparticleasitmovesalongthexaxisisgivenby x = 15 e 2 t m, wheretisins.Whatistheaccelerationoftheparticleatt=1s? a. b. c. d. e. 22m/s 60m/s 8.1m/s 15m/s 35m/s

7.

Vxisthevelocityofaparticlemovingalongthexaxisasshown.Ifx=2.0mat t=1.0s,whatisthepositionoftheparticleatt=6.0s?

a. b. c. d. e. 8.

2.0m +2.0m +1.0m 1.0m 6.0m

Aparticlemovingalongthexaxishasapositiongivenby x = 24 t 2.0t 3 m, wheretismeasuredins.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheaccelerationoftheparticle attheinstantwhenitsvelocityiszero? a. b. c. d. e. 24m/s zero 12m/s 48m/s 36m/s

2

2 2 2

9.

Att=0,aparticleislocatedatx=25mandhasavelocityof15m/sinthe positivexdirection.Theaccelerationoftheparticlevarieswithtimeasshownin thediagram.Whatisthevelocityoftheparticleatt=5.0s?

a. b. c. d. e.

+15m/s 15m/s +30m/s 0 1.2m/s

10.

Att=0,aparticleislocatedatx=25mandhasavelocityof15m/sinthe positivexdirection.Theaccelerationoftheparticlevarieswithtimeasshownin thediagram.Whatisthepositionoftheparticleatt=5.0s?

a. b. c. d. e. 11.

175m 125m 138m 154m 165m

Aparticleconfinedtomotionalongthexaxismoveswithconstantacceleration fromx=2.0mtox=8.0mduringa2.5stimeinterval.Thevelocityofthe particleatx=8.0mis2.8m/s.Whatistheaccelerationduringthistimeinterval? a. b. c. d. e. 0.48m/s 0.32m/s 0.64m/s 0.80m/s 0.57m/s

2 2 2 2 2

12.

Aprotonmovingalongthexaxishasaninitialvelocityof4.0 10 m/sanda 2 constantaccelerationof 6.0 10 12 m/s .Whatisthevelocityoftheprotonafter ithastraveledadistanceof80cm? a. b. c. d. e. 5.1 10 m/s 6.3 10 m/s 4.8 10 m/s 3.9 10 m/s 2.9 10 m/s
6 6 6 6 6

13.

Aparticlemovingwithaconstantaccelerationhasavelocityof20cm/swhenits positionisx=10cm.Itsposition7.0slaterisx=30cm.Whatistheacceleration oftheparticle? a. b. c. d. e. 7.3cm/s 8.9cm/s 11cm/s 15cm/s 13cm/s

2 2

2 2 2

14.

Anautomobilemovingalongastraighttrackchangesitsvelocityfrom40m/sto 80m/sinadistanceof200m.Whatisthe(constant)accelerationofthevehicle duringthistime? a. b. c. d. e. 8.0m/s 9.6m/s 12m/s 6.9m/s 0.20m/s

15.

In2.0s,aparticlemovingwithconstantaccelerationalongthexaxisgoesfrom x=10mtox=50m.Thevelocityattheendofthistimeintervalis10m/s.What istheaccelerationoftheparticle? a. b. c. d. e. +15m/s +20m/s 20m/s 10m/s 15m/s

2 2

2 2 2

16.

Anautomobilemanufacturerclaimsthatitsproductwill,startingfromrest, travel0.40kmin9.0s.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheconstantacceleration requiredtodothis? a. b. c. d. e. 9.9m/s 8.9m/s 6.6m/s 5.6m/s 4.6m/s

2 2 2 2 2

17.

Anautomobiletravelingalongastraightroadincreasesitsspeedfrom30.0m/s to50.0m/sinadistanceof180m.Iftheaccelerationisconstant,howmuchtime elapseswhiletheautomovesthisdistance? a. 6.00s

b. c. d. e. 18.

4.50s 3.60s 4.00s 9.00s

Anobjectmovingonthexaxiswithaconstantaccelerationincreasesitsx coordinateby80minatimeof5.0sandhasavelocityof+20m/sattheendof thistime.Determinetheaccelerationoftheobjectduringthismotion. a. b. c. d. e. 1.6m/s

2 2 2

+6.4m/s +1.6m/s 2.0m/s 6.4m/s

2 2

19.

Anelectron,startingfromrestandmovingwithaconstantacceleration,travels 2.0cmin5.0ms.Whatisthemagnitudeofthisacceleration? a. b. c. d. e. 2.5km/s 1.6km/s 1.3km/s 3.2km/s

2 2 2

0.80km/s
2 2 2

20.

Aparticlestartsfromrestatx=0andmovesfor10swithanaccelerationof +2.0cm/s .Forthenext20s,theaccelerationoftheparticleis1.0cm/s .What isthepositionoftheparticleattheendofthismotion? a. b. c. d. e. zero +3.0m 1.0m +2.0m 3.0m
2 2

21.

Arocket,initiallyatrest,isfiredverticallywithanupwardaccelerationof 10m/s .Atanaltitudeof0.50km,theengineoftherocketcutsoff.Whatisthe maximumaltitudeitachieves? a. b. c. d. e. 1.9km 1.3km 1.6km 1.0km 2.1km

22.

Aballisthrownverticallyupwardwithaninitialspeedof20m/s.Twoseconds later,astoneisthrownvertically(fromthesameinitialheightastheball)withan initialspeedof24m/s.Atwhatheightabovethereleasepointwilltheballand stonepasseachother? a. b. c. d. e. 17m 21m 18m 27m 31m

23.

Anobjectisthrownverticallyandhasanupwardvelocityof18m/swhenit reachesonefourthofitsmaximumheightaboveitslaunchpoint.Whatisthe initial(launch)speedoftheobject? a. b. c. d. e. 35m/s 25m/s 30m/s 21m/s 17m/s

24.

Astoneisthrownfromthetopofabuildingwithaninitialvelocityof20m/s downward.Thetopofthebuildingis60mabovetheground.Howmuchtime elapsesbetweentheinstantofreleaseandtheinstantofimpactwiththeground? a. b. c. d. e. 2.0s 6.1s 3.5s 1.6s 1.0s

25.

Anobjectisthrowndownwardwithaninitial(t=0)speedof10m/sfroma heightof60mabovetheground.Atthesameinstant(t=0),asecondobjectis propelledverticallyupwardfromgroundlevelwithaspeedof40m/s.Atwhat heightabovethegroundwillthetwoobjectspasseachother? a. b. c. d. e. 53m 41m 57m 46m 37m

26.

Atoyrocket,launchedfromtheground,risesverticallywithanaccelerationof 20m/s for6.0suntilitsmotorstops.Disregardinganyairresistance,what maximumheightabovethegroundwilltherocketachieve? a. b. c. d. e. 1.1km 0.73km 1.9km 0.39km 1.5km

2

27.

Arockisthrowndownwardfromanunknownheightabovethegroundwithan initialspeedof10m/s.Itstrikestheground3.0slater.Determinetheinitial heightoftherockabovetheground. a. b. c. d. e. 44m 14m 74m 30m 60m

28.

Aballthrownverticallyfromgroundleveliscaught3.0slaterbyapersonona balconywhichis14mabovetheground.Determinetheinitialspeedoftheball. a. b. c. d. e. 19m/s 4.7m/s 10m/s 34m/s 17m/s

29.

Anobjectisthrownverticallyupwardsuchthatithasaspeedof25m/swhenit reachestwothirdsofitsmaximumheightabovethelaunchpoint.Determinethis maximumheight. a. b. c. d. e. 64m 48m 32m 96m 75m

30.

Thevelocityatthemidwaypointofaballabletoreachaheightywhenthrown withvelocityv0attheoriginis: a. b. c. d. e.

v0 2
2 v0 2 gy

2 v0 2
2 v0 + 2 gy

gy

31.

WhenJimandRobridebicycles,Jimcanonlyaccelerateatthreequartersthe accelerationofRob.Bothstartfromrestatthebottomofalongstraightroadwith constantupwardslope.IfRobtakes5.0minutestoreachthetop,howmuch earliershouldJimstarttoreachthetopatthesametimeasRob? a. b. c. d. e. 25s 40s 46s 55s 75s

32.

Whenstartingfromrestatthebottomofastraightroadwithconstantupward slope,Joanbicyclestothetop50.0saheadofSally,whosetraveltimeis5.00 minutes.WhatistheratioofJoansaccelerationtoSallysacceleration? a. b. c. d. e. 0.694 0.833 1.20 1.44 6.0

33.

TohelpKimpracticefortheSpecialOlympics,Sallyrunsbesidehimforhalfthe requireddistance.Sherunstheremainingdistanceatherregularspeedand arrives90secondsaheadofKim.WhatistheratioofSallysregularspeedto t Kimsspeed?UseKim forKimstotaltime. a. b. c. d. e.

t Kim 90 s tKim tKim 90s t Kim tKim 180 s t Kim 180 s t Kim 90s tKim 180 s

34.

Thepositionofaparticlemovingalongtheyaxishasapositiongivenby

m m y = 0.20m + 8.0 t 10 2 t 2 .Isthereanytimeintervalduringwhichthe s s

particleisnotmoving? a. b. c. d. e. 35. Yes,from0.60sto1.00s. Yes,from0.795sto0.805s. Yes,atthetime t = 0.80 s . No,thevelocityisneverzero. No,aninstantisnotthesameasatimeinterval.

Aparticlemovingalongthexaxishasapositiongivenby x = 54 t 2.0t 3 m .At thetime = 3.0s ,thespeedoftheparticleiszero.Whichstatementiscorrect? t a. b. c. d. e. Theparticleremainsatrestafter t = 3.0s . Theparticlenolongeracceleratesafter t = 3.0s . Theparticlecanbefoundatpositions x < 0m onlywhen t < 0s . Alloftheabovearecorrect. Noneoftheaboveiscorrect.

36.

Twoidenticalballsareatrestsidebysideatthebottomofahill.Sometimeafter ballAiskickedupthehill,ballBisgivenakickupthehill.BallAisheaded downhillwhenitpassesballBheadedupthehill.AttheinstantwhenballA passesballB, a. b. c. d. e. ithasthesamepositionandvelocityasballB. ithasthesamepositionandaccelerationasballB. ithasthesamevelocityandaccelerationasballB. ithasthesamedisplacementandvelocityasballB. ithasthesameposition,displacementandvelocityasballB.

37.

Thepositionofanobjectatequaltimeintervalsisshownbelow:

whichgraphbelowcorrectlyrepresentspositionversustimeforthisobject?

38.

Twoidenticalballsareatrestandsidebysideatthetopofahill.Youletone ball,A,startrollingdownthehill.Alittlelateryoustartthesecondball,B,down thehillbygivingitashove.Thesecondballrollsdownthehillalongaline paralleltothepathofthefirstballandpassesit.AttheinstantballBpassesball A: a. b. c. d. e. ithasthesamepositionandthesamevelocityasA. ithasthesamepositionandthesameaccelerationasA. ithasthesamevelocityandthesameaccelerationasA. ithasthesamedisplacementandthesamevelocityasA. ithasthesameposition,displacementandvelocityasA.

39.

Thegraphbelowshowsthevelocityversustimegraphforaball.Which explanationbestfitsthemotionoftheballasshownbythegraph?

a. b. c. d. e. 40.

Theballisfalling,iscaught,andisthrowndownwithgreatervelocity. Theballisrolling,stops,andthencontinuesrolling. Theballisrising,hitstheceiling,andfallsdown. Theballisfalling,hitsthefloor,andbouncesup. Theballisrising,iscaught,andthenisthrowndown.

Aboyonaskateboardskatesoffahorizontalbenchatavelocityof10m/s.One tenthofasecondafterheleavesthebench,totwosignificantfigures,the magnitudesofhisvelocityandaccelerationare: a. b. c. d. e. 10m/s;9.8m/s . 9.0m/s;9.8m/s . 9.0m/s;9.0m/s . 1.0m/s;9.0m/s . 1.0m/s;9.8m/s .

2 2 2 2 2

41.

Fivemotiondiagramsinwhichpointsrepresentthepositionsofanobjectat equaltimeintervalsareshownbelow.Whichstatementiscorrect?

a. b. c. d. e.

Ahasthegreatestspeedandthegreatestacceleration. Chasdecreasingspeed. Dslowsdownandthenspeedsup. Dspeedsupandthenslowsdown. EhasagreaterspeedthanA.

42.

Twochildrenstartatoneendofastreet,theorigin,runtotheotherend,then headback.OnthewaybackJoanisaheadofMike.Whichstatementiscorrect aboutthedistancesrunandthedisplacementsfromtheorigin? a. b. c. d. e. JoanhasrunagreaterdistanceandherdisplacementisgreaterthanMikes. MikehasrunagreaterdistanceandhisdisplacementisgreaterthanJoans. Joanhasrunagreaterdistance,butherdisplacementislessthanMikes. Mikehasrunagreaterdistance,buthisdisplacementislessthanJoans. Mikehasrunashorterdistance,andhisdisplacementislessthanJoans.

43.

Ajugglerthrowstwoballstothesameheightsothatoneisatthehalfwaypoint goingupwhentheotherisatthehalfwaypointcomingdown.Atthatpoint: a. b. c. d. e. Theirvelocitiesandaccelerationsareequal. Theirvelocitiesareequalbuttheiraccelerationsareequalandopposite. Theiraccelerationsareequalbuttheirvelocitiesareequalandopposite. Theirvelocitiesandaccelerationsarebothequalandopposite. Theirvelocitiesareequaltotheiraccelerations.

44.

Acartravelsnorthat30m/sforonehalfhour.Itthentravelssouthat40m/sfor 15minutes.Thetotaldistancethecarhastraveledanditsdisplacementare: a. b. c. d. e. 18km;18kmS. 36km;36kmS. 36km;36kmN. 90km;18kmN. 90km;36kmN.

45.

Askierleavesaskijumpwithahorizontalvelocityof29.4m/s.Theinstant beforeshelandsthreesecondslater,themagnitudesofthehorizontaland verticalcomponentsofhervelocityare: a. b. c. d. e. 0;29.4m/s. 29.4m/s;0. 29.4m/s;29.4m/s. 29.4m/s;41.6m/s. 41.6m/s;41.6m/s.