Virtual Pig Dissection Report Form

Introduction: The anatomy of a fetal pig is remarkably similar to the anatomy of most mammals, including humans. In this laboratory, you will carry out the virtual dissection of a fetal pig. As you examine each anatomical structure, try to memorize its name, appearance, and location. Also try to relate each structure to its function in the mammal body. Procedures:

Enter the Virtual Pig Dissection Laboratory (http://www.whitman.edu/biology/vpd/main.html). Follow the step-by-step procedures described on the Virtual Pig Dissection Lab pages in Blackboard. Use this form to record your observations and track your progress through the dissection. Complete the questions below as you work through each organ system.

Observations and Responses: 1. Anatomical References 1a. Place an X next to each anatomical region after you have identified it on your virtual pig. ___ cranial region ___ pectoral region ___ pelvic region ___ caudal region 2. Sexing Your Pig 2a. Place an X next to each structure after you have identified it on your virtual pig. ___ umbilical cord ___ urogenital opening ___ scrotum (males) ___ genital papilla (females) ___ anus

2b. Is your pig a male or a female? How can you tell? 3. Digestive System 3a. Place an X next to each structure after you have identified it on your virtual pig. ___ external nares ___ epiglottis ___ large intestine ___ tongue ___ esophagus ___ pancreas ___ salivary glands ___ stomach ___ liver ___ hard palate ___ duodenum ___ gall bladder ___ soft palate ___ small intestine ___ peritoneum ___ rectum 3b. Digestion breaks carbohydrates down into basic subunits (building blocks) called: _______________________.

3c. Omnivores tend to use all three major kinds of teeth: incisors, canines, and molars. Have any of your pigs teeth erupted through the gums yet? ___________.

3d. Food enters the body through the mouth where it is mixed with digestive enzymes from the ____________. These enzymes begin the digestion of ______________ into _______________. The bolus is propelled to the pharynx by the tongue. The ____________ closes over the _________ upon swallowing to protect the respiratory tract from food particles.

4. Circulatory System 4a. Place an X next to each structure after you have identified it on your virtual pig. ___ heart ___ atria ___ ventricles ___ coronary artery ___ aorta

4a. Why would the vena cava be classified as a vein? __________________________

4b. Within the capillaries of the lungs, gases are exchanged by diffusion; oxygen diffuses from the ______________ to the ______________ and carbon dioxide diffuses from the ______________ to the _______________. 4c. Trace the pathway of a red blood cell from the right atrium through the pulmonary circulation to the left atrium and from there to the foreleg and back to the heart. List the sequence of major blood vessels and chambers of the heart through which it will pass:

5. Respiratory System 5a. Place an X next to each structure after you have identified it on your virtual pig. ___ epiglottis ___ trachea ___ lungs ___ pleura ___ diaphragm

5b. Trace the pathway of air through the respiratory tract of your pig starting with external nares and mouth:

6. Excretory System 6a. Place an X next to each structure after you have identified it on your virtual pig.

___ kidneys

___ renal artery

___ renal vein

___ urethra

___ bladder

7. Reproductive System 7a. Place an X next to each structure after you have identified it on your virtual pig. male: female: ___ penis ___ ovaries ___ urethra ___ oviducts ___ testes ___ uterus

7b. Sperm are produced within the testes by the process of _____________. 7c. Trace the pathway taken by sperm from the testis to the preputial orifice. 7d. What type of cell division produces eggs? ___________.

8. Nervous System 8a. Place an X next to each structure after you have identified it on your virtual pig. ___ eyes ___ olfactory lobes ___ cerebrum ___ cerebellum ___ spinal cord