MEC451 THERMODYNAMICS ASSIGNMENT 1

JAN-APR 2011

QUESTION 1 a) On a P-V diagram, what does the area under the process curve represent? If a system associated with an isothermal compression process, derive the equation of the boundary work for this process and show on a P-V diagram. (6 marks)

b)

A fluid at 70 kPa occupying 0.09 m3 is compressed reversibly to a pressure of 350 kPa according to a law PVn = constant. The fluid is then heated reversibly at constant volume until the pressure is 400 kPa; the specific volume is then 0.5 m3/kg. It is then cooled reversibly at a constant pressure and the work done in this process is 140 kJ/kg. Finally a reversible expansion according to a law PV 2 = constant restores the fluid to its initial state. Sketch the cycle on a P-V diagram and calculate:

i) the mass of fluid present (kg), ii) the value of n in the first process, and iii) the net work of the cycle (kJ). (14 marks) QUESTION 2 a) 1 m3 of air is heated at 1400 kPa and 200C. Determine:

i)

the final pressure if the volume remains constant and the final

temperature is 320C, ii) the final temperature if the pressure remains constant and the final volume is 0.7 m3, and iii) the final volume if the temperature remains constant and the final pressure is 500 kPa. (6 marks)

MEC451 THERMODYNAMICS ASSIGNMENT 1

JAN-APR 2011

b)

A piston-cylinder device contains 100 kg of refrigerant-134a at 200 kPa. The initial volume is 12.322 m3, and the piston is then compressed until the final volume reaches half of the initial volume. The pressure remains constant during the compression process. Sketch the process in a T-s diagram and determine:

i) the final temperature of the refrigerant (C), and ii) the rate of heat transfer (kJ) and comment the answer. (14 marks) QUESTION 3 a) Find the missing properties and phase descriptions for water in the following table: Table Q3 Temperature (C) 125 80 120C 1000 800 850 Pressure (kPa) 250 Enthalpy (kJ/kg) 2500 3000 0.0 saturated vapor (6 marks) b) Steam at 5 MPa and 400C enters a nozzle steadily at velocity of 80 m/s, and it leaves at 2 MPa and 300C. The inlet area of the nozzle is 50 cm2 and heat is being lost at rate of 120 kJ/s. Determine: i) the mass flow rate of the steam (kg/s), Quality 0.8 Phase description

ii) the exit velocity of the steam (m/s), and iii) the exit area nozzle (m2). State all your assumptions. (14 marks)