BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign

SmartCtrlTutorial
BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign

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BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign SmartCtrl1isageneralpurposecontrollerdesignsoftwarespecificallyforpowerelectronicsapplications. Thistutorialisintendedtoguideyou,stepbystep,todesignthecontrolloopsofaPFC(powerfactor correction)boostconverterwiththeSmartCtrlSoftware. TheexampleusedinthistutorialisthePFCboostconvertercircuitthatcomeswiththePSIMexample set(thePSIMfileisUC3854_PFC.schunderthefolderexamples\PWMIC).ThePSIMschematicis shownbelow:

Lm Iin Lf 300u Vin 324Vpk 50Hz Cf 1u Rcs 0.25 Rpk2 1.8k Rmo 3.9k Rci 10k Rs Cpk 100pF Rpk1 10k Rcz 6.66432K 100 R1 30k Do 15 1 Q Co 450uF Rload 592 Vo

1mH

V v_io

V Vcc

Ccz 1.59211n

Currentregulator
RVAC 620k RB1 150k RFF1 910k RFF2 91k CFF1 0.1uF RFF3 20k CFF2 0.47uF
1 2 3 4 5 6

UC3854
16 15 14 13 12

C2 1u

C1 100u

CT 1.2n Css 1n Rset 10k RENA 22k

11 10 9

Vvea

7 8

RVF 14.2082K

CVF 356.753n C3 1uF

10k

RVI 26.1667K

Voltageregulator

RVD 0.5k

Thecircuitincludestheinnercurrentloopandtheoutervoltageloop.Thecurrentloopregulator parametersaretheresistanceRczandthecapacitanceCcz,andthevoltageregulatorparametersare theresistanceRVFandthecapacitanceCVF,highlightedinthereddottedboxesabove. Letsassumethatthesevaluesareunknown.Theobjectiveistodesignthecurrent/voltageregulators usingtheSmartCtrlsoftware.Thedesignprocedureisdescribedbelow. Tobeginthedesignprocess,inSmartCtrl,clickontheicon,orfromtheDatamenu,select Predefinedtopologies>AC/DCconverters>PFCBoostconverter. Thedialogwindowwillappearasfollows.

SmartCtrliscopyrightin2010byCarlosIIIUniversityofMadrid,GSEPPowerElectronicsSystemsGroup,Spain

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BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign

ThePFCboostconverteriscontrolledbyadoubleloopcontrolscheme.Theinnerloopisacurrentloop, and the outer loop is a voltage loop. Note that the PFC boost converter design must be carried out sequentially.TheSmartCtrlprogramwillguideyouthroughthisprocess.

InnerLoopDesign
1. Definetheconverter SelecttheplantasBoost(LCS_VMC)PFCforboostPFCconverterwiththecurrentloopandthe voltageloop.Completetheparametersinthecorrespondinginputdatawindow.Notethattheinput voltageisthepeakvalue.Whenfinished,clickOKtocontinue.

2. Selectthecurrentsensor Selectthecurrentsensoramongtheavailabletypes.Inthisexample,selectCurrentsensor,andset thegainto0.25basedonthecircuit(thisvalueisequivalenttothesenseresistorvalue).

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BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign

3. Selectthecurrentregulator Fromtheinnerloopregulatordropdownmenu,selectPIasthecurrentregulatortype.

4. Selectthecrossoverfrequencyandthephasemargin SmartCtrlprovidesaguidelineandaneasywayofselectingthecrossoverfrequencyandthephase marginthroughtheSolutionMap.ClickontheSetbutton,andtheSolutionMapwillbeshownas below. IntheSolutionMap,eachpointwithinthewhiteareacorrespondstoacombinationofthecrossover frequencyandthephasemarginthatleadstoastablesolution.Inaddition,whenapointisselected, theattenuationgivenbythesensorandtheregulatorattheswitchingfrequencyisprovided. Tocarryouttheselection,leftclickapointwithinthewhitearea,orenterthecrossoverfrequency andthephasemarginmanually.

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BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign

Oncethecrossoverfrequencyandthephasemarginareselected,theSolutionMapwillbeshown ontherightsideoftheconverterinputwindow.If,atanytime,oneneedstochangethecrossover frequencyorthephasemargin,clickonthewhiteareaoftheSolutionMap,asshowninthefigure below.

Once the inner loop design is completed, one can move on to the outer loop design.

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BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign

OuterLoopDesign
The procedure of designing the outer loop is similar to that of the inner loop design. It includes the following: 1. Selectthevoltagesensor

When using a voltage divider, one must enter the reference voltage, and the program will automaticallycalculatethesensorgain.Inthisexample,thereferencevoltageis7.5V.Thesensor inputdatawindowisshownbelow.

Reference voltage

ThenpressonCalculateVref/VofromVrefbuttontosettheattenuationofthevoltagedivider.

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BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign 2. Selecttheouterloopregulator Inthisexample,selectPIastheregulatortype,andentertheregulatorparametersasbelow.

3. Determinethecrossoverfrequencyandthephasemargin Similar to the inner loop design, the crossover frequency and the phase margin of the outer loop mustbeselected.ASolutionMapisalsoprovidedtohelpselectastablesolution.PresstheSolution map(outerloop)buttonandthesolutionmapwillappear.

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BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign

Thenselectapointbyclickingwithinthewhitearea,andclickOKtocontinue.

Oncethecrossoverfrequencyandthephasemarginareselected,theSolutionMapwillappearon the right side of the converter input window. If, at any time, these two parameters need to be changed,clickinthewhiteareaoftheSolutionMap,asshowninthefigurebelow.

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BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign

Accept the selected design by clicking on OK. The program will automatically show the control systemperformancebymeansoftheBodeplots,theNyquistplot,phasemargin,etc. SmartCtrlprovidestheregulatorcomponentvaluesneededtoimplementtheregulators,aswellas the voltage divider resistors. Since there are two control loops, one must select which one to display.

Display innerloop Displayouterloop

Displayouterloop solutionsmap Displayinnerloop solutionsmap

Atthispoint,thecontrolloopdesignoftheconverterwillbecompleted.Wewillvalidatethedesign bymeansoftimedomainsimulation.
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BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign

DesignVerificationthroughSimulation
InordertovalidatethedesignfromSmartCtrl,timedomainsimulationiscarriedoutinPSIM. Wewillcomparetheperformanceoftheconverterwithtwodifferentdesigns. Design#1 Innerloop: fcross=3kHz PhaseMargin=45 Outerloop: fcross=30Hz Design#2 Innerloop: fcross=15kHz PhaseMargin=45 Outerloop: fcross=30Hz

Outputvoltage

Outputvoltage

Inputvoltage Inputcurrent*50

Inputvoltage Inputcurrent*50

ItcanbeobservedthatDesign#2showsamuchlesswaveformdistortionthatDesign#1,andthatthe waveformdistortioncanbegreatlyreducedbyincreasingthecrossoverfrequencyoftheinnerloop. ThisexampleillustratesthatSmartCtrlincombinationwithPSIMprovideafastandpowerfulplatform forthedesignandvalidationofconvertercontrolforpowerfactorcorrectionapplications.

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