Https Help - Ubuntu

Contents
1. Outline
2. Introduction
3. Known Issues
4. Prerequisites
1. Source machine
2. USB Ilash drive
3. Target machine
4. Ubuntu CD or ISO
5. Creating a bootable Ubuntu
USB Ilash drive
1. From Mac OSX
2. From Ubuntu Linux
3. From Windows
6. Booting the Computer Irom
USB
7. Alternative methods
1. PLoP Boot Manager
2. Installing Ubuntu
directly on a USB Ilash
drive
3. Create Bootable USB
Manually
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Outline
The recommended way to install Ubuntu Irom a
USB Ilash drive is to use the usb-creator program.
point it at a ISO image oI a Ubuntu installation CD
that you have downloaded. and let it create a
bootable USB that you can use instead oI the CD.
1. Acquire the correct Ubuntu installation Iiles
('the ISO') and tools
2. Put Ubuntu onto your USB drive
3. ConIigure your computer to boot Irom USB
drive and boot Irom it
4. Try Ubuntu or install to your hard drive.
Introduction
This page gives instructions on how to run Ubuntu
Irom a USB Ilash drive Ior installation or to try it
out. This may be necessary Ior netbooks and other
computers without CD drives and is handy Ior others
because a USB Ilash drive is so convenient. Also.
you can conIigure Ubuntu on the USB drive to save
changes you make. unlike a read-only CD-ROM drive. Recent Ubuntu CD/DVD ISO
images come with the necessary Windows and Linux utilities to get the system on a USB
drive.
Booting Irom a USB drive created with this utility will behave iust as iI you had booted
Irom the install CD. It will show the language selection and then the install menu. Irom
which you can install Ubuntu onto the computer's hard drive or launch the LiveCD
environment.
Best is to have wired internet access while booting Irom USB. as it is not certain that
Ubuntu can recognise a wireIree card in Iirst attempt.
For custom. manual. older versions. and technical instructions and troubleshooting see USB
Installation Media. There are also network installation options available. You can also see
the instructions Ior USB drives Irom the oIIicial 10.10 Ubuntu Installation Guide.
Note: This article uses the terms USB stick. USB drive. thumb drive and Ilash drive
interchangeably.
Page 1 oI 10 Installation/FromUSBStick - Community Ubuntu Documentation
6/6/2011 https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/FromUSBStick?actionprint
Known Issues
Natty Narwhal 11.04 is having issues with USB drives Irom SanDisk that have U3
Launchpad. You can either use another brand or use either XWRRO Irom Ubuntu
Repositories or SanDisk's U3 Launchpad Removal Tool to remove U3.
The 9.10 CDs and DVDs are missing the usb-creator.exe program used by the Windows
installation processes discussed below. To install the i386 desktop version to a Ilash drive
Irom a disk image on Windows. use the incredibly easy process described at
http://www.pendrivelinux.com/create-a-ubuntu-9-10-live-usb-in-windows/ . When you boot
the resulting live persistent USB. you can install to your hard disk iI you wish at any time.
or not.
II you get "Incorrect CD-ROM detected" error on detection stage. reboot. press F6 and then
ESC to go to manual boot line editing. and add the option 'cdrom-detect/try-usbtrue'.
II the above doesn't solve your CD-ROM detection problem and you used the "Universal
USB Installer" to prepare your USB Ilash drive. another solution might be trying
UNetbootin. II you are encountering this problem with UNetbootin. press tab at the splash
screen to access the boot line editor.
Some BIOS's (eg.. the Eee PC netbook') have trouble recognizing that the USB is bootable.
You may have to trick it into booting using the Iollowing method: At boot. enter the BIOS
by pressing F2. Then. right as you exit the BIOS. hit the Esc key. For some systems. this
will bring up the boot menu.
The error "Can not mount /dev/loop1 on /cow" is because usb-creator.exe is not creating a
valid casper-rw Iile holding ext2/ext3 Iilesystem. Fix: 1) Use Unetbootin or 2) AIter running
usb-creator.exe. recreate casper-rw using cygwin tools or
http://www.pendrivelinux.com/casper-rw-creator-make-a-persistent-Iile-Irom-windows/.
(As oI April 2010)
There is an unresolved problem in that you cannot create a bootable USB Ilash drive Irom
within Mac OS X. You must create the stick in Linux or Windows.
Prerequisites
Source machine
Windows
Virtual Clone Drive. Load the image capture ISO Iile by using MicrosoIt Virtual CD-
ROM Control Panel or other ISO-reading soItware. or Ubuntu installation CD
Mac OS X
Administrator prilleges on computer used to set up USB Ilash drive
See also How to install Ubuntu on MacBook using USB Stick
Linux
Administrator privileges on computer used to set up the USB Ilash drive
Install and run usb-creator or UNetbootin
USB Ilash drive
A Netbook installation requires a minimum 1 GB USB Ilash drive.
Desktop or server requires a 2 GB USB Ilash drive.
Check the USB drive Ior Iiles and back them up iI needed. Putting the Ubuntu system
Iiles on the USB Ilash drive and making it bootable will destroy all pre-existing files
on the USB drive!
The Windows utility won't let you select the USB drive iI the drive isn't properly
Iormatted and mounted.
11.04 Natty Narwhal installation does not work with SanDisk's USB drives with U3
Launchpad present. You need to remove it either with u3-tool Irom Ubuntu
Repositories or SanDisk's tool to be able to use it. All other brands oI USB drives
work.
Target machine
Netbook
1GB USB Ilash drive with everything backed up elsewhere. because these commands
will over write the partition table.
ISO image Iile
Optional. large capacity SD card Ior storing ISO and or backing up data
Desktop or Server
2GB USB Ilash drive. or iust do network install
Ubuntu CD or ISO
The Ubuntu system Iiles that you will be putting on the USB Ilash drive are provided as a
ISO Iile that is an image oI an Ubuntu install CD-ROM. You need to download the
appropriate .iso Iile.
Ubuntu
Netbook: http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download-netbook
32bit/64bit: http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download
Derivatives
http://www.ubuntu.com/products/whatisubuntu/derivatives
Or you can get a physical Ubuntu CD-ROM disk Irom a Iriend. order one ... etc.
Downloading Irom a torrent is usually Iastest. especially shortly aIter a release.
Creating a bootable Ubuntu USB Ilash drive
To start Ubuntu Irom the USB Ilash drive. it needs the Ubuntu system Iiles Irom the CD-
ROM image. and it must be be conIigured to start up. or "boot". your computer. There are
PDQ\ guides Ior doing this on the web. but the easiest way to do the whole thing is to run the
Ubuntu usb-creator program. Versions oI this are available Ior Ubuntu and Ior Windows.
From Mac OSX
We would encourage Mac users to download Ubuntu Desktop Edition by burning a CD Ior
the time being. But iI you would preIer to use a USB. please Iollow the instructions below.
Note: this procedure requires an .img Iile that you will be required to create Irom the .iso Iile
you download. TIP: Drag and Drop a Iile Irom Finder to Terminal to 'paste' the Iull path
without typing and risking type errors.
Download the desired Iile
Open the Terminal (in /Applications/Utilities/ or query Terminal in Spotlight)
Convert the .iso Iile to .img using the convert option oI hdiutil (e.g.. hdiutil convert -
Iormat UDRW -o ~/path/to/target.img ~/path/to/ubuntu.iso)
Note: OS X tends to put the .dmg ending on the output Iile automatically.
Run diskutil list to get the current list oI devices
Insert your Ilash media
Run diskutil list again and determine the device node assigned to your Ilash media
(e.g.
/dev/disk2)
Run diskutil and unmount disk /dev/diskN (replace N with the disk number Irom the
last command; in the previous example. N would be 2)
Execute sudo dd iI/path/to/downloaded.img oI/dev/rdiskN bs1m
(replace /path/to/downloaded.img with the path where the image Iile is located; Ior
example. ./ubuntu.img or ./ubuntu.dmg).
Using /dev/rdisk instead oI /dev/disk may be Iaster.
-II you see the error dd: Invalid number '1m'. you are using GNU dd. Use the same
command but replace bs1m with bs1M.
II you see the error dd: /dev/diskN: Resource busy. make sure the disk is not in use.
Start the 'Disk Utility.app' and unmount (don't eiect) the drive.
Run diskutil eiect /dev/diskN and remove your Ilash media when the command
completes
Restart your Mac and press alt while the Mac is restarting to choose the USB-Stick
From Ubuntu Linux
From 10.10 there is no longer a XVEFUHDWRU package. Choose either XVEFUHDWRUNGH on
Kubuntu. or XVEFUHDWRUJWN
You can Iind usb-creator-gtk.kde} in System--~Administration--~Create a USB startup
disk (Ubuntu Desktop) or K-Menu--~Applications--~System--~Startup Disk Creator
(Kubuntu). II it is not there then you can install it using the Synaptic Package Manager. or
by entering the Iollowing command in the Terminal :
sudo apt-get install usb-creator-gtk or usb-creator-kde
Make sure the soItware-sources are activated iI you are on a LiveCD (soItware sources or
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list). You may need to install the python-
gnome2 package as well.
In order to guarantee that usb-creator will Iunction correctly. you should:
1. Mount the partition Irom which you would like to run liveCD
2. Run usb-creator using the L,0* or LVR,0* option to point usb-creator at the ISO
you would like to boot Irom (note this can be an ISO Ior any "liveCD" or other
bootable OS image). For certain selected operating systems (e.g. Ubuntu since 9.10)
usb-creator will allow you to automatically deIine a persistence Iile Ior your bootable
install.
Start usb-creator. It looks like this
.
II you have the physical CD or DVD-ROM oI the Ubuntu version you want to install
on the USB drive. insert it in your CD-ROM drive. Otherwise. in its top pane. click
"Other" and locate and select the .iso Iile that you downloaded.
It is no longer necessary to erase the USB Ilash drive. however it is advisable that you
do so.
The bootable partition should be FAT16 or FAT32
The bootable partition is the Iirst partition on the USB device
4908
'# use one oI your hard drive partitions in this process unless you really know
what you are doing.
There may be bugs during the Iormatting which will show up as two partitions when
booting Irom the USB Ilash drive. Try selecting each oI them and one should work. II
not. restart the computer and try booting Irom the USB drive again.
II you get a DBus error with usb-creator. this bug report may be helpIul:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/source/usb-creator/bug/458334
II you have problems with usb-creator. you can instead install and use UNetbootin to
do the same thing. At the time oI writing. UNetbootin will not conIigure a persistence
Iile Ior you.
From Windows
The ISO Iile includes a Iile called usb-creator.exe in the CD image. You need to run this
program. so you need to copy it out oI the CD image. To do so. you can burn the Ubuntu
ISO Iile to a disk. or you can use a Windows utility such as Virtual Clone Drive to access
the .iso Iile's contents. You can also use 7Zip to extract the ISO so you can work with the
Iiles inside.
This process is described in detail in a video on this website.
Once you have usb-creator.exe. run it and Iollow the same steps as described Ior Linux
(point it at your .iso Iile or your Ubuntu CD-ROM. point it at your USB Ilash drive. make
sure you have the right device selected. then "Make Startup Disk").
4908
Instead oI usb-creator.exe you can use Unetbootin to create a bootable USB drive.
http://unetbootin.sourceIorge.net/
You won't be able to select the USB drive iI it wasn't Iormatted in a way that
Windows can see it. You may have to Iormat it using Windows Explorer in order Ior
it to show up in a creator tool.
Booting the Computer Irom USB
Remove all unneeded USB items. but keep the network cable attached.
Insert the bootable USB Ilash drive that you iust created in your target computer and restart
it. Most newer computers can boot Irom a USB drive. II your computer does not
automatically do so. you might need to edit the BIOS settings.
Restart your computer. and watch Ior a message telling you which key to press to enter the
BIOS setup. It will usually be one oI F1. F2. DEL. ESC or F10. Press this key while your
computer is booting to edit your BIOS settings. (On HP Mini Netbooks. they correct key is
usually F9.)
Instead oI editing BIOS settings. you can chose a boot device Irom the boot menu. Press the
Iunction key to enter the boot menu when your computer is booting. Typically. the boot
screen displays which key you need to press. It maybe one oI F12. F10. Note: with some
motherboards you have to select 'hard disk/USB-HDD0' to choose the USB Ilash disk.
You need to edit the Boot Order. Depending on your computer. and how your USB key was
Iormatted. you should see an entry Ior "removable drive" or "USB media". Move this to the
top oI the list to make the computer attempt to boot Irom the USB device beIore booting
Irom the hard disk.
Alternative methods
PLoP Boot Manager
Some computers can see the USB Ilash drive and have the option to boot Irom USB but
cannot actually do so. All hope is not lost.
Requirements
Windows running on the computer
USB drive. ready to boot (shown below)
PLoP Boot Manager - Your alternative USB boot method
(http://www.plop.at/en/bootmanager.html#runwin)
Just Iollow the instructions on the PLop website.
Note: When you use this method. the Iiles on the USB drive are changed during boot. To
use this method more than once. you must delete all Iiles Irom the USB drive and prepare
the USB drive again as described below.
Windows
This method is recommended iI you are creating Linux installation to coexist with your
existing Windows installation.
Find a usb-creator app and run it
Installing Ubuntu directly on a USB Ilash drive
In order to install a Iully working Ubuntu operating system on your USB Ilash drive make
sure that:
Your Ilash drive has more than 2GB oI memory
Your Ilash drive is bootable
Your Ilash drive has a high read/write speed and is USB 2.0 enabled
The process is described in detail in an external source.
Create Bootable USB Manually
Here is a way to create a bootable USB Ilash drive manually. The advantage is you don't
have to empty your USB drive as long as you have enough space Ior the Iiles. It also allows
multi boot. so you can. Ior example. have your USB drive holding both 32bit and 64bit
versions oI Ubuntu and other Boot CD tools at the same time.
In order to do so you need :
Bootable USB Ilash drive ( NTFS / FAT32 / FAT 16 ). Disk with MBR. you can do
this with gparted in linux or HP Iormat in Win. Idisk ....etc
Ubuntu ISO oI your choice
Tools to extract Iiles Irom the ISO ( ISO Mount. WinZIP. WinRAR. 7Zip. etc....)
Grub4Dos
1. Grub4DOS' Tutorial
2. Grub4DOS 0.4.4 Ior WIN9x/DOS/Linux(Download Here)
3. Grub4DOS GUI Ior WINXP/Vista/7
First you need to install grub onto the USB's MBR. Follow the link to the Grub4DOS Wiki:
Simple example:
./bootlace /dev/sdx
For more details. visit: http://grub4dos.sourceIorge.net/wiki/index.php/Installation
Next. you open up the ISO Iile and extract the Iiles in casper directory. The size (and
possibly maniIest) are needed iI you want to install Irom the USB drive otherwise the install
will Iail.
total 701060
-rwxr-xr-x 1 adrian adrian 38784 2010-07-27 16:15
filesystem.manifest
-rwxr-xr-x 1 adrian adrian 10 2010-07-27 16:15 filesystem.size
-rwxrwxrwx 2 adrian adrian 704487424 2010-04-29 05:38
filesystem.squashfs*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 adrian adrian 9365872 2010-04-29 05:34 initrd.lz*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 adrian adrian 4029792 2010-04-16 06:01 vmlinuz*
/media/Fujitsu 60GB USB/bootimg/ubuntu.10.4.x86$
Copy grldr to the root oI the drive.
drwx------ 1 adrian adrian 4096 2010-05-05 16:49 bootimg/
-rwxrwxrwx 1 adrian adrian 220049 2009-09-24 17:30 grldr*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 adrian adrian 2760 2010-05-04 23:08 menu.lst*
/media/Fujitsu 60GB USB$
Now create menu.lst at the root oI USB. Example oI menu.lst:
default /default
#####################
title Ubuntu 10.04 LiveCD
find --set-root /bootimg/ubuntu.10.4.x86/initrd.lz
kernel /bootimg/ubuntu.10.4.x86/vmlinuz boot=casper live-media-
path=/bootimg/ubuntu.10.4.x86/ ignore_uuid
initrd /bootimg/ubuntu.10.4.x86/initrd.lz
boot
Make sure the path match where the Iiles you copy to.
Now. reboot.
Simpler way using the ISO Iile
Another way is iust using the ISO Iile as it is on an already bootable USB stick that uses
Grub (to create one. see above).
copy the iso Iile onto the USB stick in the root (top) directory
add these lines to the menu.lst Iile:
title Ubuntu 11.04 i386
find --set-root /ubuntu-11.04-desktop-i386.iso
map /ubuntu-11.04-desktop-i386.iso (0xff)
map --hook
root (0xff)
kernel /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper iso-
scan/filename=/ubuntu-11.04-desktop-i386.iso splash quiet --
initrd /casper/initrd.lz
Note: this might not work with all versions oI grub. It was tested with GRUB4DOS 0.4.4
2008-11-11
CategoryLive CategoryInstallation CategoryInstallation CategoryInstallation
Installation/FromUSBStick (last edited 2011-06-02 09:30:31 by https://login.launchpad.net/id/hLWXLMx
( 157-157-186-230.dsl.dynamic.simnet.is|157.157.186.230|:Martin Olesen)

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