WORKSHOP PROBLEM 6

Elasto-Plastic Deformation of a Thin Plate

P
y

P
x

W L

Objectives:
s Demonstrate the use of elasto-plastic material properties. s Create an accurate deformation plot of the model. s Create an XY plot of Stress vs. Strain for all the subcases.

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Elasto-Plastic Deformation of Plate

Model Description:
For the structure below: P
y

P
x

W L
y

Thickness, T Quarter Model

7 3 4 1 1 2 5 2 3 .125P x 8 4 .25P 6 9 .125P

L = 50 W = 10 T = 0.1 E = 3.0E+6 = .25 ET = 30303 YLD = 850

Add Case Control commands and Bulk Data Entries to:

1. 2. Model the elasto-plastic behavior of the material. Analyze the model subjected to the following load history: 1) 2) 3) 4) Load P = 800 Load P = 1000 Unload P = 950 Unload P = 0

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Suggested Exercise Steps:

s Modify the existing MSC/NASTRAN input le by adding the appropriate nonlinear static analysis control parameters. s Prepare the model for a nonlinear static analysis (SOL 106). s Set up the appropriate subcase loading and analysis parameters (LOAD, NLPARM) s Input the proper stress-dependent material property for the nonlinear material (MATS1) s Generate an input le and submit it to the MSC/NASTRAN solver for a nonlinear static analysis. s Review the results.

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Elasto-Plastic Deformation of Plate

Input File for Modication: prob6.dat

ID NAS103, WORKSHOP 6 TIME 10 SOL 106 CEND ECHO=BOTH STRESS=ALL DISP=ALL TITLE=SIMPLE TENSION STRIP ELASTO-PLASTIC ANALYSIS (VON MISES MODEL) $ SUBCASE 10 SUBTITLE=ELASTIC--LOAD TO 800. PSI $ SUBCASE 20 SUBTITLE=PLASTIC--LOAD TO 1000. PSI $ SUBCASE 30 SUBTITLE=ELASTIC--UNLOAD BACK AROUND ELBOW TO 950. PSI $ SUBCASE 40 SUBTITLE=ELASTIC--UNLOAD COMPLETLY TO 0. PSI $ BEGIN BULK $ $ Geometry GRID,1, ,0,0,0,,123456 =,*(3),=,=,*(2.5),=,=,13456 =(1) GRID,2, ,12.5,0,0, ,23456 =,*(3),=,=,*(2.5),=,=,3456 =(1) GRID,3, ,25.0,0,0, ,23456 =,*(3),=,=,*(2.5),=,=,3456 =(1) CQUAD4,1,30,1,2,5,4 CQUAD4,2,30,2,3,6,5 CQUAD4,3,30,4,5,8,7 CQUAD4,4,30,5,6,9,8

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$ $ Loading FORCE, 10, 3, 0, 100., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 10, 6, 0, 200., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 10, 9, 0, 100., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 20, 3, 0, 125., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 20, 6, 0, 250., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 20, 9, 0, 125., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 30, 3, 0, 118.75, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 30, 6, 0, 237.50, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 30, 9, 0, 118.75, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 40, 3, 0, 0., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 40, 6, 0, 0., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 40, 9, 0, 0., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 $ $ Parameters NLPARM, 10, 1, , AUTO, , , P NLPARM, 20, 8, , AUTO, , , P NLPARM, 30, 5, , AUTO, , , P NLPARM, 40, 2, , AUTO, , , P $ $ Properties PSHELL, 30, 1, 0.1 MAT1, 1, 3.0+6, , .25 ENDDATA

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Elasto-Plastic Deformation of Plate

Exercise Procedure:
1. Users who are not utilitizing MSC/PATRAN for generating an input le should go to Step 12, otherwise, proceed to step 2.
Create a new database called prob6.db.

2.

File/New... New Database Name: OK In the New Model Preference form set the following: Tolerance: Analysis Code: Analysis Type: OK 3. Those who do not wish to set up the model themselves may want to play the session le, prob6.ses. If you choose to build the model yourself, proceed to step 4. prob6

q Default
MSC/NASTRAN Structural

File/Session/Play... Session File List: Apply The model has now been created. Skip to Step 9. 4. Create a surface representing a quarter model of a plate. prob6.ses

x Geometry
Action: Object: Method: Vector Coordinate List Create Surface XYZ <25, 5, 0>
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Apply 5. Mesh the model.

First, plant mesh seeds to mesh the quarter plate with 4 elements.

x Finite Elements
Action: Object: Type: Number = Curve List: Apply Next, mesh the plate with Quad4 elements. 2
(Select top and left edges.)

Create Mesh Seed Uniform

x Finite Elements
Action: Object: Type: Element Topology: Surface List: Apply 6. Create the boundary conditions for the model. Create Mesh Surface Quad4 Surface 1
(Select the surface.)

Create the rst constraint for the model.

x Loads/BCs
Action: Object: Method: New Set Name Input Data...
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Create Displacement Nodal constraint_1

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Elasto-Plastic Deformation of Plate

Translation < T1 T2 T3 > OK Select Application Region... Geometry Filter Select Nodes Add OK Apply Create the second model constraint. New Set Name: Input Data... Translation < T1 T2 T3 > OK Select Application Region... Geometry Filter Select Nodes Add OK Apply Create the final constraint. New Set Name Input Data... Translation < T1 T2 T3 > Rotation < R1 R2 R3 > OK Select Application Region...
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< 0, , >

q FEM
(Select nodes on left edge.)

constraint_2

< ,0, >

q FEM
(Select nodes on bottom edge.)

constraint_3

< , ,0 > < 0, 0, 0 >

Geometry Filter Select Nodes Add OK Apply 7.

q FEM
(Select all nodes.)

Create the loading for the model.

Create the rst load as follows:

x Loads/BCs
Action: Object: Method: New Set Name: Input Data... Force <F1 F2 F3> OK Select Application Region... Geometry Filter Select Nodes Add OK Apply And the second... New Set Name Input Data... Force <F1 F2 F3> OK Select Application Region...
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Create Force Nodal force_1a

<100, 0, 0>

q FEM
(Select the two corner nodes and the nodes on the right edge.)

force_1b

<200, 0, 0>

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Elasto-Plastic Deformation of Plate

Geometry Filter Select Nodes Add OK Apply 8. Create the load cases for the model. q FEM
(Select mid-node on the right edge.)

Instead of creating 8 separate loads for the model and referencing each pair to its respective load case, we will now use the feature of load scaling to create the remaining load cases from the rst set.

x Load Cases
Action: Load Case Name: Assign/Prioritize Loads/BCs Select Loads/BCs to Add to Spreadsheet Displ_constraint_1 Displ_constraint_2 Displ_constraint_3 Force_force_1a Force_force_1b Create case_1

Be sure that the LBC Scale Factor in spreadsheet for all Loads/BCs are 1. OK Apply Create the second load case by scaling the loads in the rst case. Load Case Name: Assign/Prioritize Loads/BCs
Highlight both force cells in the LBC Scale Factor column. type 1.25 and hit Enter

case_2

LBC Scale Factor OK

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Apply Create the third load case. Load Case Name: Assign/Prioritize Loads/BCs
Highlight both force cells in the LBC Scale Factor column. type 1.1875 and hit Enter

case_3

LBC Scale Factor OK Apply Create the nal load case. Load Case Name: Assign/Prioritize Loads/BCs

case_4

Highlight both force cells in the LBC Scale Factor column.

LBC Scale Factor OK Apply This is where the session le ends. 9.

type 0 and hit Enter

Create the elasto-plastic material for the model.

First, create the linear elastic properties of the material.

x Materials
Action: Object: Method: Material Name Input Properties... Constitutive Model: Elastic Modulus = Poissons Ratio
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Create Isotropic Manual Input mat_1

Linear Elastic 3.E6 .25

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Elasto-Plastic Deformation of Plate

Apply Next, create the elasto-plastic properties of the material. Constitutive Model: Nonlinear Data Input: Hardening Slope Yield Point Apply Cancel 10. Create the element property for the plate. Elastoplastic Hardening Slope 30303 850

x Properties
Action: Dimension: Type: Property Set Name Input Properties... Material Name Thickness OK Select Members Add Apply 11. Generate an input le for the analysis. Surface 1
(Select the surface.)

Create 2D Shell plate

m:mat_1 0.1

Click on the Analysis radio button on the Top Menu Bar and set up the analysis as follows:

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x Analysis
Action: Object: Method: Job Name Solution Type... Solution Type OK Subcase Create... Available Subcases Subcase Parameters... Number of Load Increments
(Turn off work error criterion.)

Analyze Entire Model Analysis Deck prob6

q NONLINEAR STATIC

case_1

Work Error

OK Output Requests... Output Requests Delete OK Apply Repeat the procedure for the second subcase. Available Subcases: Subcase Parameters... Number of Load Increments:
(Turn off work error criterion.) SPCFORCES(SORT1...

case_2

Work Error

OK Output Requests... Output Requests

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Elasto-Plastic Deformation of Plate

Delete OK Apply And the third... Available Subcases: Subcase Parameters... Number of Load Increments:
(Turn off work error criterion.)

case_3

Work Error

OK Output Requests... Output Requests: Delete OK Apply And the fourth (and final) subcase. Available Subcases: Subcase Parameters... Number of Load Increments:
(Turn off work error criterion.) SPCFORCES(SORT1...

case_4

Work Error

OK Output Requests... Output Requests: Delete OK Apply

SPCFORCES(SORT1...

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Cancel Finally, select all the subcases before submitting the analysis Subcase Select... Subcases for Solution Sequence case_1 case_2 case_3 case_4
(Deselect Default)

Subcases Selected OK Apply

An input le called prob6.bdf will be generated. This process of translating your model into an input le is called the Forward Translation. The Forward Translation is complete when the Heartbeat turns green. MSC/PATRAN users should now proceed to Step 13.

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Elasto-Plastic Deformation of Plate

Generating an input le for MSC/NASTRAN Users:

12. MSC/NASTRAN users can generate an input le using the data from the Model Description. The result should be similar to the output below (prob6.dat):

ASSIGN OUTPUT2 = prob6.op2 , UNIT=12 ID NAS103, WORKSHOP 6 SOLUTION TIME 10 SOL 106 CEND ECHO=BOTH STRESS=ALL DISP=ALL TITLE=SIMPLE TENSION STRIP ELASTO-PLASTIC ANALYSIS (VON MISES MODEL) $ SUBCASE 10 SUBTITLE=ELASTIC--LOAD TO 800. PSI LOAD=10 $ LOAD UP TO 800. PSI NLPARM=10 $ IN 1 STEP $ SUBCASE 20 SUBTITLE=PLASTIC--LOAD TO 1000. PSI LOAD=20 $ LOAD UP TO 1000. PSI NLPARM=20 $ IN 8 STEPS $ SUBCASE 30 SUBTITLE=ELASTIC--UNLOAD BACK AROUND ELBOW TO 950. PSI LOAD=30 $ UNLOAD TO 950. PSI NLPARM=30 $ IN 5 STEPS $ SUBCASE 40 SUBTITLE=ELASTIC--UNLOAD COMPLETLY TO 0. PSI LOAD=40 $ UNLOAD TO 0. PSI NLPARM=40 $ IN 2 STEPS $ BEGIN BULK $ $ Geometry GRID,1, ,0,0,0,,123456 =,*(3),=,=,*(2.5),=,=,13456 =(1)

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GRID,2, ,12.5,0,0, ,23456 =,*(3),=,=,*(2.5),=,=,3456 =(1) GRID,3, ,25.0,0,0, ,23456 =,*(3),=,=,*(2.5),=,=,3456 =(1) CQUAD4,1,30,1,2,5,4 CQUAD4,2,30,2,3,6,5 CQUAD4,3,30,4,5,8,7 CQUAD4,4,30,5,6,9,8 $ $ Loading FORCE, 10, 3, 0, 100., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 10, 6, 0, 200., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 10, 9, 0, 100., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 20, 3, 0, 125., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 20, 6, 0, 250., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 20, 9, 0, 125., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 30, 3, 0, 118.75, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 30, 6, 0, 237.50, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 30, 9, 0, 118.75, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 40, 3, 0, 0., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 40, 6, 0, 0., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 FORCE, 40, 9, 0, 0., 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 $ $ Parameters NLPARM, 10, 1, , AUTO, , , P NLPARM, 20, 8, , AUTO, , , P NLPARM, 30, 5, , AUTO, , , P NLPARM, 40, 2, , AUTO, , , P $ $ Properties PSHELL, 30, 1, 0.1 MAT1, 1, 3.0+6, , .25 MATS1, 1, , PLASTIC, 30303., 1, 1, 850. ENDDATA

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Elasto-Plastic Deformation of Plate

Submit the input le for analysis:

13. Submit the input le to MSC/NASTRAN for analysis. 13a. To submit the MSC/PATRAN .bdf le, nd an available UNIX shell window. At the command prompt enter nastran prob6.bdf scr=yes. Monitor the analysis using the UNIX ps command. 13b. To submit the MSC/NASTRAN .dat le, nd an available UNIX shell window and at the command prompt enter nastran prob6.dat scr=yes. Monitor the analysis using the UNIX ps command. 14. When the analysis is completed, edit the prob6.f06 le and search for the word FATAL. If no matches exist, search for the word WARNING. Determine whether the existing WARNING messages indicate any modeling errors.

14a. While still editing prob6.f06, search for the word: D I S P L A C E (spaces are necessary). What is the x-displacement of Node 3 for the rst subcase? T1= What is the x-displacement of Node 3 for the second subcase? T1 = What is the x-displacement of Node 3 for the third subcase? T1= What is the x-displacement of Node 3 for the fourth subcase? T1 =

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Comparison of Results:
15. Compare the results obtained in the .f06 le with the results on the following page:

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SUBCASE 1 WORKSHOP 6 LOAD STEP = 1.00000E+00 D I S P L A C E M E N T POINT ID. 1 2 3 . . LOAD STEP = TYPE G G G T1 0.0 3.333333E-03 6.666666E-03 T2 0.0 0.0 0.0 T3 0.0 0.0 0.0 V E C T O R R1 0.0 0.0 0.0 R2 0.0 0.0 0.0 R3 0.0 0.0 0.0

Elasto-Plastic Deformation of Plate

SUBCASE 2 2.00000E+00 D I S P L A C E M E N T POINT ID. 1 2 3 . . MSC/NASTRAN 103 Exercise Workbook 6-21 LOAD STEP = TYPE G G G T1 0.0 6.604432E-02 1.320886E-01 T2 0.0 0.0 0.0 T3 0.0 0.0 0.0 V E C T O R R1 0.0 0.0 0.0 R2 0.0 0.0 0.0 R3 0.0 0.0 0.0

SUBCASE 3 3.00000E+00 D I S P L A C E M E N T POINT ID. 1 2 3 . . LOAD STEP = TYPE G G G T1 0.0 6.583558E-02 1.316710E-01 T2 0.0 0.0 0.0 T3 0.0 0.0 0.0 V E C T O R R1 0.0 0.0 0.0 R2 0.0 0.0 0.0 R3 0.0 0.0 0.0

SUBCASE 4 4.00000E+00 D I S P L A C E M E N T POINT ID. 1 2 3 . . TYPE G G G T1 0.0 6.187789E-02 1.237553E-01 T2 0.0 0.0 0.0 T3 0.0 0.0 0.0 V E C T O R R1 0.0 0.0 0.0 R2 0.0 0.0 0.0 R3 0.0 0.0 0.0

16. This ends the exercise for MSC/NASTRAN users. MSC/PATRAN Users should proceed to the next step.
17. Proceed with the Reverse Translation process, that is, importing the prob6.op2 results le into MSC/PATRAN. To do this, return to the Analysis form and proceed as follows:

x Analysis
Action: Object: Method: Select Results File... Selected Results File: OK Apply 18. When the translation is complete bring up the Results form. prob6.op2 Read Output2 Result Entities Translate

Now we will generate the fringe plot of the model. x Results Action: Object: Create Fringe

Now click on the Select Results icon. Select Results

Select Result Case(s) Select Fringe Result Quantity:

(Select the rst case.)

Displacements, Translational Magnitude

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Next click on the Target Entities icon. Target Entities

Target Entity:

Current Viewport

Note: This feature allows you to view fringe plots of specic elements of your choice. Click on the Display Attributes icon. Display Attributes

Style: Display:

Discrete/Smooth Free Edges

Note: The Display Attributes form allows you the ability to change the displayed graphics of fringe plots. Now click on the Plot Options icon. Plot Options

Coordinate Transformation: Scale Factor Apply

None 1.0

The resulting fringe plot should display the displacement spectrum superimposed over the undeformed bar. The nal fringe plot displaying the physical deformation of the model can be created as follows: x Results Action: Object: Create Deformation

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Now click on the Select Results icon. Select Results

Select Result Case(s) Select Fringe Result Show As:

(Select the rst case.)

Displacements, Translational Resultant

Click on the Display Attributes icon. Display Attributes In order to see the deformation results accurately, set the Scale Interpretation to True Scale with a Scale Factor of 1. Scale Interpretation Scale Factor s Show Undeformed Now click on the Plot Options icon Plot Options . q True Scale 1.0

Coordinate Transformation: Scale Factor Apply

None 1.0

You can see the physical deformation of the model as well as read the stresses from the fringe. Repeat this process for the other three load cases. For the last load case, change the fringe result to Nonlinear Strains, Strain Tensor in order to view the remaining plastic strain of the model

To better t the results on the screen, zoom out a couple times using To clear the post-processing results and obtain the original model

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in the viewport, select the Reset Graphics icon. Reset Graphics

19.

Create an XY plot of Stress vs. Strain for all four subcases.

x Results
Action: Object: Method: Create Graph Y vs X

Select Result Case(s) Y: Select Y Result Quantity: X: Select X Result... Select X Result OK

(Select all cases.)

Result Nonlinear Stresses, Stress Tensor von Mises Result

Nonlinear Strains, Plastic Strain

Next click on the Target Entities icon. Target Entities

Target Entity: Select Nodes

Elements Elm 1
(Select the bottom left element.)

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Click on the Display Attributes icon. Display Attributes

s Show X Axis Label X Axis Label: X Axis Scale X Axis Format... Label Format: OK s Show Y Axis Label Y Axis Label: Y Axis Scale Y Axis Format... Label Format: OK Apply To change the title, do the following: Fixed Stress Tensor q Linear Exponential Plastic Strain q Linear

x XY Plot
Action: Object: Curve List Title... Curve Title Text Apply Cancel Stress vs. Strain @ Element 1 Modify Curve default_GraphResults Graph 0

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Elasto-Plastic Deformation of Plate

The following XY plot should appear on your screen:

Notice the plastic strain still remain as the stresses in the plate relax to zero (complete unloading), the plastic strain still remains. When you are done viewing, unpost the XY plot by doing the following:

x XY Plot
Action: Object: Post/Unpost XY Windows: Apply Quit MSC/PATRAN when you have completed this exercise. Post XYWindow (hold <ctrl> click on Results Graph to deselect it.)

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MSC/PATRAN .bdf le: prob6.bdf

$ NASTRAN input le created by the MSC MSC/NASTRAN input le $ translator ( MSC/PATRAN Version 7.5 ) on January 15, 1998 at $ 20:10:47. ASSIGN OUTPUT2 = prob6.op2, UNIT = 12 $ Direct Text Input for File Management Section $ Nonlinear Static Analysis, Database SOL 106 TIME 600 $ Direct Text Input for Executive Control CEND SEALL = ALL SUPER = ALL TITLE = MSC/NASTRAN job created on 15-Jan-98 at 20:05:03 ECHO = NONE MAXLINES = 999999999 $ Direct Text Input for Global Case Control Data SUBCASE 1 $ Subcase name : case_1 SUBTITLE=case_1 NLPARM = 1 SPC = 2 LOAD = 2 DISPLACEMENT(SORT1,REAL)=ALL STRESS(SORT1,REAL,VONMISES,BILIN)=ALL $ Direct Text Input for this Subcase SUBCASE 2 $ Subcase name : case_2 SUBTITLE=case_2 NLPARM = 2 SPC = 2 LOAD = 5 DISPLACEMENT(SORT1,REAL)=ALL STRESS(SORT1,REAL,VONMISES,BILIN)=ALL $ Direct Text Input for this Subcase SUBCASE 3 $ Subcase name : case_3 SUBTITLE=case_3 NLPARM = 3 SPC = 2 LOAD = 8 DISPLACEMENT(SORT1,REAL)=ALL STRESS(SORT1,REAL,VONMISES,BILIN)=ALL $ Direct Text Input for this Subcase SUBCASE 4 6-28 MSC/NASTRAN 103 Exercise Workbook

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$ Subcase name : case_4 SUBTITLE=case_4 NLPARM = 4 SPC = 2 LOAD = 11 DISPLACEMENT(SORT1,REAL)=ALL STRESS(SORT1,REAL,VONMISES,BILIN)=ALL $ Direct Text Input for this Subcase BEGIN BULK PARAM POST -1 PARAM PATVER 3. PARAM AUTOSPC YES PARAM COUPMASS -1 PARAM K6ROT 100. PARAM WTMASS 1. PARAM LGDISP 1 PARAM,NOCOMPS,-1 PARAM PRTMAXIM YES NLPARM 1 1 AUTO 5 25 P NO + + A .001 NLPARM 2 8 AUTO 5 25 P NO + + B .001 NLPARM 3 5 AUTO 5 25 P NO + + C .001 NLPARM 4 2 AUTO 5 25 P NO + + D .001 $ Direct Text Input for Bulk Data $ Elements and Element Properties for region : plate PSHELL 1 1 .1 1 1 CQUAD4 1 1 1 2 5 4 CQUAD4 2 1 2 3 6 5 CQUAD4 3 1 4 5 8 7 CQUAD4 4 1 5 6 9 8 $ Referenced Material Records $ Material Record : mat_1 $ Description of Material : Date: 15-Jan-98 Time: 20:03:34 MATS1 1 PLASTIC 30303. 1 1 850. MAT1 1 3.+6 .25 $ Nodes of the Entire Model GRID 1 0. 0. 0. GRID 2 12.5 0. 0. GRID 3 25. 0. 0. GRID 4 0. 2.5 0.

A B C D

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GRID 5 12.5 2.5 0. GRID 6 25. 2.5 0. GRID 7 0. 5. 0. GRID 8 12.5 5. 0. GRID 9 25. 5. 0. $ Loads for Load Case : case_1 SPCADD 2 13 15 16 LOAD 2 1. 1. 10 1. 12 $ Loads for Load Case : case_2 LOAD 5 1. 1.25 10 1.25 12 $ Loads for Load Case : case_3 LOAD 8 1. 1.1875 10 1.1875 12 $ Loads for Load Case : case_4 LOAD 11 1. 0. 10 0. 12 $ Displacement Constraints of Load Set : constraint_1 SPC1 13 1 1 4 7 $ Displacement Constraints of Load Set : constraint_2 SPC1 15 2 1 2 3 $ Displacement Constraints of Load Set : constraint_3 SPC1 16 3456 1 THRU 9 $ Nodal Forces of Load Set : force_1a FORCE 10 3 0 100. 1. 0. 0. FORCE 10 9 0 100. 1. 0. 0. $ Nodal Forces of Load Set : force_1b FORCE 12 6 0 200. 1. 0. 0. $ Referenced Coordinate Frames ENDDATA f588c106

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