Automobiles are frequently judged in their industry by many superlatives: the smallest, largest, fastest, lightest, best-selling, and

so on. They vary greatly in size, engine displacement, power, price, and many other traits. . .

Vehicle dimensions
.

Overall Longest
Current production car - 6,165 mm (242.7 in) - 2010 Maybach 62 Production car - 6,248 mm (246.0 in) - 1964 Mercedes-Benz 600 Limousine Limited production car - 6,405 mm (252.2 in) - 1975 Cadillac Fleetwood Seventy-Five Limousine. Pickup Truck - 6,650 mm (261.8 in) - 2010 Ford F-350 Super Duty Crew Cab Long Bed Commercial - 7,345 mm (289.2 in) - Mercedes-Benz Sprinter LWB / Volkswagen Crafter LWB

Widest
Current production car - 1,998 mm (78.7 in) - 2010 Bugatti Veyron Production car - 2,058 mm (81.0 in) - 2010 Lamborghini Murcielago LP670-4 SV (production ended 5 Nov 2010) Limited production car - 2,101 mm (82.7 in) - 2008 SSC Ultimate Aero Pickup Truck - 2,438 mm (96.0 in) - 2010 Dodge Ram 3500 Commercial - 2,474 mm (97.4 in) - 2010 Unimog U5000

Tallest
Current production car - 1,915 mm (75.4 in) - 2008 Toyota Alphard/Vellfire Pickup Truck - 2,057 mm (81.0 in) - 2006 Ford F-350 Super Duty Crew Cab Long Bed SUV - 2,083 mm (82.0 in) - 2003 Hummer H2 Commercial - 2,676 mm (105.4 in) - 2010 Unimog U5000

Shortest
Current production car - 2,695 mm (106.1 in) - 2010 Smart Fortwo Production car - 2,500 mm (98.4 in) - 1998 Smart Fortwo Limited production car - 1,340 mm (52.8 in) - 1962 Peel P50 (3 wheels)

Lowest
Current production car - 1,117 mm (44.0 in) - 2010 Lotus Elise Production car - 1,067 mm (42.0 in) - 1967 Lotus Europa Limited production car - 736.6 mm (29.0 in) - 1969 Probe 15. .

Wheelbase
Longest
Production car - 3,893 mm (153.3 in) - 1964 Mercedes-Benz 600 Limousine Pickup Truck - 4,379 mm (172.4 in) - 2005 Ford F-350 Super Duty Crew Cab Commercial - 5,080 mm (200.0 in) - 2005 Ford F-550 Super Duty Chassis Crew Cab

Shortest
Current production car - 1,867 mm (73.5 in) - 2010 Smart Fortwo Production car - 1,500 mm (59.1 in) - 1956 Isetta Limited-production car - 1,270 mm (50.0 in) - 1962 Peel P50 .

Track
Widest Front
Production car - 1,685 mm (66.3 in) - 2003 Rolls-Royce Phantom (2003) Pickup truck - 1,742 mm (68.6 in) - 2010 Dodge Ram 2500 Commercial - 1,930 mm (76.0 in) - 2010 Dodge Ram 4500 Chassis Cab

Widest Rear
Production car - 1,710 mm (67.3 in) - Jaguar XJ220

Pickup truck - 1,925 mm (75.8 in) - 2010 Dodge Ram 3500 Crew Cab Dual Rear Wheels Commercial - 1,927 mm (75.9 in) - 2009 Unimog U4000

Narrowest Front
Limited-production car - 990 mm (39.0 in) - Peel P50 Production car - 1,275 mm (50.2 in) - 1998 Smart Fortwo

Narrowest Rear
Production car - 521 mm (20.5 in) - Isetta .

Weight
Lightest
Current production car - 740 kg (1,631 lb) - 2010 Daihatsu Mira Production car - 406 kg (895 lb) - 1964 Mini Moke Current production racecar - 456 kg (1,005 lb) - 1996 Ariel Atom Limited-production car - 59 kg (130 lb) DIN - 1962 Peel P50 (3 wheels)

Heaviest Curb Weight

Production car - 2,855 kg (6,294 lb) - 2003 Maybach 62 SUV - 3,428 kg (7,557 lb) - 2006 Hummer H1 Alpha Wagon Pickup truck - 6,600 kg (14,551 lb) - 2008 International CXT Limited-production car - 4,536 kg (10,000 lb) - 2009 Cadillac Presidential Limousine (estimated) . Commercial - 5,350 kg (11,795 lb) - 2009 Unimog U5000 Long Wheelbase .

Engines
.

Engine displacement
.

Smallest

49 cubic centimetres (3.0 cu in) - 1963 Peel P50 (100+ produced) - 322 cubic centimetres (19.6 cu in) - 1956 Berkeley SA322 .

Largest
1911 Fiat S76 28.3 L (1,727 cu in) 1912 Benz 82/200, 21.5 L (1,312 cu in) inline-four engine (Currently produced) Bugatti Veyron 8 L (488 cu in) W16 engine (Crate engine only) - GM Performance ZZ572, 9.4 L (572 cu in) V8 engine (Final Production Ended 2010) Dodge Viper 8.4 L (513 cu in) V10 engine .

Power
.

Highest power
Petrol/Gasoline engine (naturally-aspirated) - 559 kW (760 PS; 750 hp) - 2011 Aston Martin One-77 7.3L V12 engine Petrol/Gasoline engine (forced-induction) - 960 kW (1,305 PS; 1,287 hp) SSC Ultimate Aero TT Diesel engine - 368 kW (500 PS; 493 bhp), Audi Q7 V12 TDI 6.0 L - 5,934 cc (362.1 cu in) twin-turbo V12 engine.. . Highest specific power (power to weight ratio) 1045 hp/metric ton (1.91 lb/hp) - 2007 Caparo T1 V8 engine 429 kW (583 PS; 575 hp) and 470 kg (1,036 lb)

TwinTurbo Aspiration
1,107 hp/metric ton 2011 SSC Ultimate Aero TT V8 engine 960 kW (1,305 PS; 1,287 hp) and 1,197 kg (2,639 lb) . Highest specific engine output (power/unit displacement) Petrol/Gasoline (naturally-aspirated) piston engine - 93.18 kW (126.7 PS; 125.0 hp) per litre - 2009 Ferrari 458 Italia 419.2 kW (570 PS; 562 hp) 4.499 L Petrol/Gasoline (forced-induction) piston engine - 151.2 kW (206 PS; 203 hp) per litre 2009 Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution VIII FQ400 302 kW (411 PS; 405 hp) 2.0 L I4 Diesel engine (naturally-aspirated) - 33.38 kW (45.4 PS; 44.8 hp) per litre - 1993 Mercedes E 300 Diesel 100 kW (136 PS; 134 hp) DIN 2.996 L I6[citation needed]

Diesel engine (forced-induction) - 75.2 kW (102.2 PS; 100.8 hp) per litre - 2007 BMW new 2.0 L I4 twin-turbo 150 kW (204 PS; 201 hp) DIN Naturally-aspirated pistonless rotary engine - 140.5 kW (191.0 PS; 188.4 hp) per litre Mazda RX-8 Renesis 184 kW (250 PS; 247 hp) JIS 1.3 L Petrol/Gasoline (forced-induction) pistonless rotary engine - 158.46 kW (215.4 PS; 212.5 hp) per litre - Mazda RX-7 206 kW (280 PS; 276 hp) JIS 1.3 L .

Torque
.

Highest torque
Petrol engine - 1,508 Nm (1,112 ftlbf), SSC Ultimate Aero TT Diesel engine - 1,085 Nm (800 ftlbf), Ford Super Duty V8 TDI 6.7 L - turbo V8 engine . Highest specific torque (torque/unit displacement) The mean effective pressure (MEP) is a useful comparison tool, giving the average cylinder pressure exerted on the piston. Petrol engine (naturally-aspirated) - MEP 15.1 bar, 120.03 Nm (89 ftlbf) per litre Ferrari 458 Italia 540 Nm (398 ftlbf) Petrol engine (forced-induction) - MEP 33 bar, 246.4 Nm (182 ftlbf) per litre - 2010 Mitsubishi Evo X FQ400 492 Nm (363 ftlbf) Petrol engine (naturally-aspirated pistonless rotary engine) - MEP 21.5 bar, 170.8 Nm (126.0 ftlbf) per litre - 2005 Mazda RX-8 222 Nm (164 ftlbf) Petrol engine (forced-induction pistonless rotary engine) - MEP 28.4 bar, 241.38 Nm (178.0 ftlbf) per litre - Mazda RX-7 Turbo 313.8 Nm (231 ftlbf) Diesel engine (naturally-aspirated) - MEP unknown, 71.88 Nm (53 ftlbf) per litre - 1999 Nissan Sunny B15 2.2D 2.184 L 157 Nm (116 ftlbf) Nissan YD engine Diesel engine (forced-induction) - MEP 29 bar, 233 Nm (172 ftlbf) per litre - 2008 Mercedes-Benz C-Class 250CDI BlueEfficiency 500 Nm (369 ftlbf) . .

Performance .
Acceleration
Quickest 0 to 100 km/h (0 to 62 mph) - 2.3 seconds - 2010 Ariel Atom 500.

Quickest 0 to 161 km/h (0 to 100 mph) - 4.5 seconds - 2010 Bugatti Veyron 16.4 SuperSport. Quickest 0 to 200 km/h (0 to 124 mph) - 7.4 seconds - 2006 Bugatti Veyron 16.4 . Quickest 0 to 300 km/h (0 to 186 mph) - 18.2 seconds - 2006 Bugatti Veyron 16.4 . Quickest 0 to 400 km/h (0 to 249 mph) - 55 seconds - 2006 Bugatti Veyron 16.4 . .

Top speed
Highest top speed: Bugatti Veyron Super Sport - 431 km/h (268 mph)... .

Highest Redline
Internal Combustion Production Car: 2010 Ariel Atom 500 10,600 rpm Electric Production Vehicle: 2008 Tesla Roadster 14,000 rpm

Firsts
Full-production vehicles are listed here. Many were preceded by racing-only cars. This list only includes developments that lead to widespread adoption across the automotive industry. .

Industry
First automobile manufacturer - Benz (1871), Panhard et Levassor (1889) (followed by Peugeot in 1891) First standardized automobile - Benz Velo (1894) or Duryea Motor Wagon (1893) First mass-produced automobile - Oldsmobile Curved Dash (1901)[citation needed] First auto company technical institute - General Motors Institute First automotive proving ground - Dodge Brothers Hamtramck, MI Test Track 1915 .

Engine types
First V engine -1904 Marmon V8 engine (few produced) First commercially successful V - 1910 de Dion CJ (V8).. First straight engine -1903 Napier & Son straight-six engine (few produced) .

Engine technologies
Engine configuration & other miscellaneous fundamental construction details First variable displacement engine 1905 Sturtevant 38/45 six First diesel engined production car 1935 Citroen Rosalie First crankcase ventilation 1926 Cadillac V8 engine First flat engine 1905 Knox First square engine 1906 Premier First engine with removable cylinder head 1908 Ford Model T First counterbalanced crankshaft 1908 Mercer Type 35 First split-plane crankshaft 1923 Cadillac V8 engine First gas turbine car 1950 Rover JET 1 (experimental only; no gas turbine car ever reached real production) First Miller cycle engine 1996 Mazda Millenia First Atkinson cycle engine 1997 Toyota Prius First Hydrogen vehicle BMW Hydrogen 7 (Germany)[citation needed]

Wankel engines
First Wankel engine 1964 NSU Spider First 2-rotor Wankel engine 1966 NSU Ro 80 First 3-rotor Wankel engine 1988 Vaz 513. First turbocharged Wankel engine 1982 Mazda Luce / Cosmo First front-wheel drive car with Wankel engine 1966 NSU Ro 80

Valve train
First sleeve valve 1909 Daimler (used Charles Knight 1903 design). First overhead camshaft (OHC) engine 1898 Wilkinson

First double overhead camshaft (DOHC) engine 1921 Ballo multi-valve engines First 3-valve engine 1924 Bugatti Type 35 First 4-valve engine 1913 Peugeot Grand Prix First 5-valve engine 1989 Oettinger - Germany 5V,[citation needed] 1989 Mitsubishi Dangan ZZ (Peugeot had a triple overhead cam 5-valve Grand Prix car in 1921). First 6-valve engine 1985 Maserati Biturbo 2.0 L V6 36v 261 hp (prototype) First 3-valve diesel engine 1989 Citron XM First 4-valve diesel engine 1993 Mercedes-Benz C-Class (OM604 engine) First multi-valve turbocharged engine 1980 Maserati Biturbo AM452 variable valve timing (VVT) First VVT engine 1980 Alfa Romeo Spider 2.0 L First electronic VVT 1987 Nissan 300ZR VG30DE NVCS V6 First cam-switching VVT 1989 Honda Integra RSi/XSi B16A VTEC 1.6 L DOHC I4 First VVT passenger car diesel engine 2010 Mitsubishi ASX 4N13 1.8 L DOHC I4

Aspiration
First supercharged car 1921 Mercedes 6/25/40 hp First turbocharged car 1962 Oldsmobile F-85 Turbo Jetfire First application of a wastegate to regulate a turbocharger's boost 1975 Porsche 911 Turbo First turbocharged diesel car 1978 Mercedes-Benz 300SD[citation needed] First variable-nozzle turbocharger 1989 Shelby CSX-VNT / Garrett AiResearch First twin-turbocharged car Porsche 959 First quad-turbocharged car Bugatti EB110

First supercharged and turbocharged car 1985 Lancia Delta S4 (homologation special, 200 road cars produced for Group B regulations)

Fuel systems
First carburetor 1896 Daimler First carburetor air filter 1915 Packard Twin Six First automatic choke 1932 Oldsmobile First four-barrel carburetor 1941 Buick fuel injection (FI) First FI engine 1910 Adams-Farwell Diesel First non-diesel FI engine 1952 Goliath GP 700 / Gutbrod Superior 600 First gasoline direct injection engine 1952 Goliath GP 700 / Gotbrud Superior 600 First automotive application of Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) Bendix "ElectroJector" - Prototype / Test Mule 1957 Rambler (never officially produced for consumption), followed by Chrysler (et. al.) in 1958. Bosch developed their D-Jetronic FI from Bendix's design. First electronic fuel injection 1968 Bosch D-Jetronic - Volkswagen Type 3/Type 4 First Diesel direct injection engine 1986 Fiat Croma Turbo D i.d.. First electronic gasoline direct injection 1996 Mitsubishi Galant/Legnum 4G93 GDI I4 First passenger car common rail diesel direct injection engine 1997 Alfa Romeo 156 JTD First turbocharged gasoline direct injection engine 2005 Audi A3 Sportback. First turbocharged diesel direct injection engine 1986 Fiat Croma Turbo D i.d. ignition systems First contact breaker point ignition 1910 Cadillac Model Thirty / Delco First electronic ignition 1960 General Motors / Delco First distributor-less ignition Citron 2CV? general miscellany

First alternator 1960 Chrysler Corporation, Plymouth Valiant First California Ultra Low Emission Vehicle 1995 Honda Accord First California Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle 2000 Honda Accord 4-Cylinder .] .

Hybrid vehicles
First gas-electric hybrid - 1899 Lohner-Porsche Mixte (about 300 produced) First modern hybrid car - 1904 Auto-Mixte (Belgium) First mass-produced hybrid car - 1997 Toyota Prius First hybrid bus - 1997 Hino (Japan) First all-wheel drive hybrid - 2004 Ford Escape Hybrid First hybrid SUV - 2004 Ford Escape Hybrid First hybrid luxury car - 2005 Lexus RX 400h (introduced January 2004) First mild hybrid pickup truck - 2005 Chevrolet Silverado/GMC Sierra Hybrid First full hybrid pickup truck - 2009 Chevrolet Silverado/GMC Sierra Hybrid .

Body
First sedan/saloon 1900 Renault Voiturette First motorized truck October 1896 Daimler First production closed-body car - 1910 Cadillac Model Thirty First monocoque - 1924 Lancia Lambda First shatter-resistant windshield glass - 1926 Cadillac First coup convertible - 1934 Peugeot 401 D Eclipse First Pickup / Utility vehicle (Ute) - 1934 Ford Coup utility First fully boxed frame - 2004 Ford F150 (???) First safety windshield - 1948 Tucker Torpedo (popout safety glass)

First fiberglass body - 1952 Woodill Wildfire (low production) First fiberglass bodied 4-door Sedan - 1970 Anadol A2 First fiberglass bodied Station wagon / Estate car - 1973 Anadol SV-1600 First MPV - 1956 Fiat 600 Multipla First minivan - 1984 Dodge Caravan / Plymouth Voyager (November 1983) First retractable hardtop - 1934 Pourtout Lancia Belna Eclipse-coachbuilt First hatchback - 1953 Aston Martin DB2/4 First fiberglass monocoque - 1956 Berkeley SA322 First Crossover - 1955 GAZ M72 First all-aluminium body - 1932 Riley Kestrel First all-aluminium space frame - 1990 Honda NSX First carbon fibre monocoque - 1993 McLaren F1 First stress-bearing engine acting like a structural member - 1995 Ferrari F50 First aerodynamic design - 1921 Rumpler Tropfenwagen First body made of recycled material - 1954 Trabant P70 First tricar - 1902. First cyclecar - 1910 GN/1910 Bdlia First production station wagon (estate) - 1908 Ford Model T First SUV - 1908 Ford Model T First fully boxed frame [pick-up] - 2004 Ford F150 (???) First single-piece carbon fibre monocoque - 2003 Invicta S1 .

Transmission
Manual transmissions

First synchronized transmission - 1929 Cadillac First overdrive - 1934 Chrysler Airflow First modern cone synchromesh transmission - 1952 Porsche 356 First 5-speed manual - 1948 Lancia Ardea First 6-speed manual - 1967 Alfa Romeo 33 Stradale First 8-speed manual - 1960 Moskvitch 410/411

Automatic transmissions
First automatic transmission - May 1939 Oldsmobile Hydra-Matic First torque converter automatic - 1948 Buick Dynaflow First non-planetary automatic - 1968 Honda Hondamatic First 5-speed automatic - 1989 Nissan Cedric, Nissan Cefiro, Nissan Gloria, Nissan Skyline, Nissan Laurel,(RE5R01A, Jatco/Nissan transmission) First 6-speed automatic - 2002 BMW E65 7-Series ZF 6HP26 First 7-speed automatic - 2003 Mercedes-Benz 7G-Tronic First 8-speed automatic - 2007 Lexus LS 460 First limited slip differential - 1956 Studebaker (Note: In 1939, the Volkswagen Type 82 used a cam and pawl type differential which had a slip-limiting effect.) First continuously variable transmission - 1958 DAF 600 "A-Type" First toroidal continuously variable transmission - 1999 Nissan Cedric and Nissan Gloria First dual clutch transmission - 2003 Volkswagen Golf Mk4 R32 (Direct-Shift Gearbox) First active differential - 1986 Porsche 959 PSK (limited production of 200 vehicles) .

Layout
First FR layout car - 1895 Panhard et Levassor First RR layout car - 1896 Hertel

First front-wheel drive - 1924 Tracta (Gregoire-Tracta) First transverse front-wheel drive - 1931 DKW F1[citation needed] First transverse front-wheel drive I5 - 1993 Volvo 850 First transverse front-wheel drive I6 - 1970 Austin Kimberley and Austin Tasman First transverse all-wheel drive - 1968 Austin Ant (never entered production) First four-wheel drive vehicle - 1910 Caldwell Vale or 1911 Four Wheel Drive First four-wheel drive car - 1966 Jensen FF First FR layout transaxle - 1950 Lancia Aurelia (the 1914 Stutz Bearcat featured a primitive transaxle) First MR car - 1921 Rumpler Tropfenwagen First MR four-wheel drive car - 1984 Ford RS200 (homologation special, 200 road cars produced for Group B regulations.) .

Suspension
First torsion bar suspension - 1921 Leyland First front independent suspension - 1911 Morgan three wheeler First hydraulic shock absorbers - 1933 Hudson (Monroe) First coil spring / shock absorber suspension - 1934 Cadillac, Chrysler, and Hudson First MacPherson strut suspension - 1949 Ford Vedette First Chapman strut suspension - 1958 Lotus Elite First air suspension - 1958 Cadillac Brougham First self-levelling suspension - 1955 Citron DS First electronic adjustable suspension dampers - 1981 Nissan Skyline First electronically-controlled suspension - 1983 Toyota Soarer (Japan-market model) / 1983 Mitsubishi Galant ECS First active air suspension - 1987 Mitsubishi Galant active ECS

First active hydraulic suspension - 1990 Nissan Infiniti Q45a (FAS-fully active suspension) First active anti-roll bars - 1994 Citroen Xantia Activa (Active Roll Stabilisation) .

Brakes
First four wheel brakes - 1909 Argyll (developed by Arrol-Johnson) First power brakes - 1919 Hispano-Suiza H6 (mechanically assisted) First four wheel power brakes - 1919 Hispano-Suiza H6[26] First vacuum-assist power brakes - 1928 Pierce-Arrow First hydraulic power brakes - 1921 Duesenberg Model A First standard disc brakes - 1949 Crosley Hot Shot First antilock braking system - 1966 Jensen FF (Dunlop Maxaret system, previously used in aviation) First electrical antilock braking system - 1969 Lincoln Continental Mark III First electronic antilock braking system - 1971 Nissan President First electric parking brake - 2002 BMW E65/E66 First diagonally split, dual brake circuits - 1962 Saab 95/96 First asbestos-free brake pads - 1983 Saab Automobile First electro-hydraulic brakes - 2002 Mercedes-Benz E-Class / 2001 Toyota Prius First regenerative brakes - 1997 Toyota Prius .

Driver-aids
First standard rear-view mirror - 1912 Marmon First power steering - 1951 Imperial First cruise control - 1957 Imperial First traction control system/anti slip regulation - 1971 Buick LeSabre (MaxTrac)

First drive-by-wire throttle - 1988 BMW 750iL First electrochromic rear-view mirror - 1989 Lexus LS First Rain-Sensing Windshield Wipers - 1984 Nissan 200SX/Nissan Silvia First dynamic stability control system/Electronic Stability Programme/Vehicle Stability Control - 1995 BMW 7-Series/Mercedes-Benz CL-Class/Toyota Crown Majesta First adaptive cruise control - 1997 Toyota Celsior First heads-up display - 1988 Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme/1988 Nissan Silvia First factory GPS navigation - 1990 Mazda Cosmo, 1986 GT Limited Toyota Soarer First night vision - Mercedes-Benz S Class First power door locks - 1914 Scripps-Booth First self parking - 2004 Toyota Prius First Blind Spot Intervention System - 2009 Ford Escape/Taurus First Synchronized down shift rev-matching system - 2009 Nissan 370Z/Nissan Fairlady Z .

Passive Restraint
First car to come standard with safety belts - 1958 Saab GT 750 .

Active restraint
First airbags - 1974 Oldsmobile Toronado First car to come standard with dual airbags - 1988 Porsche 944 Turbo First six-airbag system - 1994 Audi A8 First head airbags - 1997 BMW 7-Series First side airbags - 1995 Volvo 850 .

Tires/Tyres
First use of pneumatic tires - 1895 Peugeot L'Eclair (Michelin) First standard pneumatic tires - 1896 Bolle Voiturette

First radial-ply tires - 1949 Michelin "X" (patented in 1946) First self-repairing tires - 1950 Goodyear First run flat tire - 1974 Mini 1275GT (Dunlop Denovo; optional) .

Lighting
First electrical lighting - 1898 Columbia electric First standard lights - 1904 "Prest-O-Lite" acetylene First standard electrical lights - 1908 Peerless First integrated electrical and lighting system - 1912 Cadillac Model 1912 Delco First "dipping" headlights - 1915 Guide Lamp Company First dual-beam headlight - 1924 Bilux First retractable headlights - 1936 Cord[citation needed] First directional headlamps - 1930s Tatra First fog lights - 1938 Cadillac First auto-dimming headlights - 1952 Cadillac Autronic Eye First auto-on/off headlights - 1964 Cadillac Twilight Sentinel First headlight wipers - 1970 Saab (95, 96, 99) [30] First AC HID lights - 1991 BMW 7-series First DC HID lights - 1997 Lincoln Mark VIII First neon lights - 1997 Lincoln Mark VIII First all-LED tail lights - 1998 Maserati 3200 GT First bi-xenon HID headlamps - 1998 Audi A8 First low beam, front position light and sidemarker LED headlights - 2008 Lexus LS600h First all-LED headlights - 2008 Audi R8 .

Electrical system
First magneto - 1897 Lanchester First twin-spark engine - 1921 Bentley 3 Litre First electric self-starter - Arnold (copy of the Benz Velo) before 1900. First electric windows - 1938 Buick Y-Job First combination key and ignition switch - 1949 Chrysler First AC alternator - 1960 Valiant First sealed battery - 1971 Pontiac "Freedom Battery" First multiplexed wiring - 1987 Cadillac Allant First integrated car systems control - 1987 Toyota Soarer (Electro Multi Vision) First 12 volt system - 1949 Chevrolet .

Climate control
First windshield defroster - 1928 Studebaker First windshield washer - 1937 Studebaker First air conditioning - 1938 Studebaker Commander First rear window defogger - 1948 Cadillac First heated seats - 1966 Cadillac First automatic climate control - 1964 Cadillac First digital climate control - 1975 Rolls-Royce Camargue First ventilated seats - 1998 Saab 9-5 .

In-car electronics and entertainment

First original-equipment radio - 1923 Springfield First navigation system - August 1981 Honda Accord (analog, dealer-installed)

First navigation system with voice controls - 2002 Infiniti Q45 First digital navigation system - 1990 Acura Legend First GPS navigation system - 1990 Mazda Eunos Cosmo First active audio volume control - 1990 Chevrolet Corvette Bose/Delco Gold Series First telematics assist system - 1996 tie 1997-model Cadillac Seville (OnStar) and Lincoln Continental (Motorola RESCU) First Bluetooth-capable audio system - 2000 Chrysler First MP3-capable audio system - 2001 Mazda Proteg MP3 First active noise cancellation - 2005 Acura RL First steering wheel mounted audio controls - 1984 Nissan 300ZX AE First front auxiliary input (for iPod/MP3 devices) (OEM systems) - 2006 Chevrolet .

Other
First steering wheel - 1899 Packard First speedometer - 1901 Oldsmobile First tilt-away steering wheel - 1912 Peerless First dash-mounted fuel tank gauge - 1914 Studebaker First tilt-away steering column - 1928 Buick First turn signals - 1939 Buick First split folding rear seats - 1959 Auto Union Universal (Fiat patented the system in 1978) First tilt/telescope steering wheel - 1965 Cadillac First electronic four wheel steering - 1985 Nissan Skyline HICAS First mechanical four wheel steering - 1988 Honda Prelude 4WS First composite wheels - 1989 Shelby CSX First active exhaust - 1991 Mitsubishi 3000GT

First Production Car To Achieve 200 MPH 1987 Ferrari F40 .

Pre-War
Best-selling pre-war vehicle - Ford Model-T (15,000,000 sold between 1908 and 1928) Least-expensive full-featured automobile - 1927 Ford Model-T ($300 is about $3500 in inflation-adjusted 2005 dollars) Largest vehicle - Bugatti Royale - 21 ft (6.4 m) long, 180 in (4.57 m) or 170 in (4.32 m) wheelbase depending on model Largest pre-war Straight-4 - 21495 cc (1312 in3) - 1912 Benz 82/200 Largest pre-war Straight-6 - 21112 cc (1288 in3) - 1905 Panhard et Levassor 50 CV Largest pre-war Straight-8 - 12763 cc (779 in) - 1929 Bugatti Royale production car; the prototype had a 14726 cc engine Largest pre-war V12 - 11310 cc (690 in) - 1933 Hispano-Suiza Type 68bis