394 Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium Abstracts, Xi’an, China, March 22–26, 2010

60 GHz Meta-material Wideband Antenna for FPGA Giga Bit Data

Transmission
Ying Peng and Zhirun Hu
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester
Manchester, UK

Abstract— With the recent progress and rapid increase in digital high definition technology,
wideband wireless systems are being taken into actual use, such as HD media transmission,
demanding compact wideband antennas. A dipole antenna with folded elements at both ends
gives an enhancement of over 55% bandwidth [1]. Although it is easily assembled for its planar
structure, a folded dipole antenna usually operate at low frequency spectrum. In 2001, the Federal
Communications Commission (FCC) allocated 7 GHz in the 57–64 GHz band for unlicensed use.
Within those past few years, substantial knowledge on 60-GHz millimeter-wave (MMW) channel
has been accumulated for commercial applications. Most of recent 60 GHz antenna study based
on dielectric substrate like GaAs, SiGe and InP because of its fast speed and low noise implements.
However, compared with CMOS technology, they are quite poor integration and high cost.
In this paper, a 60 GHz half wavelength folded dipole antenna in meta-material cavity based on
standard CMOS technology is proposed. The full wave simulation results reveal a wide operating
bandwidth of 7 GHz (VSWR < −2) from 59 GHz to 66 GHz, which is shown in Fig. 1. The
simulated radiation patterns are shown in Fig. 2. It can be seen that 5 dB enhancement on the
gain has be achieved. A 100 Ω CPS is used to feed the 1.5 mm folded dipole antenna and the
cavity size is 4 mm × 2.8 mm. The superstrate thickness is of 500 µm. As the meta-material

Figure 1: Antenna structure and S11 simulation result.

(a) (b)

Figure 2: (a) Antenna gain without cavity, (b) antenna gain with cavity.
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium Abstracts, Xi’an, China, March 22–26, 2010 395

cavity can shield objects on the other side, the antenna’s performance will be insensitive to its
surrounding packages and other metal structures.

REFERENCES
1. Kim, Y., H. Morishita, and S. Horiuchi, “Wideband planar folded dipole antenna with self-
balanced impedance property,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 56,
No. 5, 1223–1228, May 2008.
396 Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium Abstracts, Xi’an, China, March 22–26, 2010

A Miniature Coupled Loop Antenna to be Embedded in a Mobile

Phone for Penta-band Applications
Sheng-Yu Lin, Hsien-Wen Liu, Chung-Hsun Weng, and Chang-Fa Yang
Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
Taipei, Taiwan

Abstract— A compact coupled loop antenna of the mobile phone for GSM850/GSM900/
DCS/PCS/UMTS penta-band applications is presented. This antenna comprises folded loop
strips and a coupled gap to be embedded inside the mobile phone. By adding a gap between two
loop elements for coupling, a resonant mode in the GSM850/900 band can be excited. Simulated
and measured results are compared, which show good agreements. Also, good radiation efficiency
and return loss are obtained. This antenna can be fabricated with a low cost and can be built in
the mobile phone for penta-band applications.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This work was supported in parts by Chant Sincere Company, Ltd. (COXOC) and National Science
Council of ROC under Grant NSC 97-2221-E-011-024.
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium Abstracts, Xi’an, China, March 22–26, 2010 397

A Novel Design of Planar Spiral Antenna with Metamaterial

Nakun Jing, Huiling Zhao, and Lihao Huang
Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710072, China

Abstract— This paper presents the design of the spiral antennas with metamaterial. It is a
new way of producing a low-profile and wide-band antenna. According to the relationship of
spiral antenna’s active region and frequency, a circumferential multilayer substrate is designed
with a reduced antenna total height. Based on effective media theory, circumferential multilayer
substrate is implemented with aligned disk lattice. Simulation results demonstrated that the
novel spiral antenna has relatively high gain, while S11 of the spiral antenna with metamaterial
is not as good as expected.
398 Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium Abstracts, Xi’an, China, March 22–26, 2010

Compact Multi-band Antenna for Global Navigation Satellite

Systems
Steven Gao and Li Zheng
Surrey Space Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK

Abstract— In this paper, a compact multi-band antenna suitable for Global Navigation Satel-
lite Systems (GNSS) will be presented. GNSS is the generic term for satellite navigation systems
that provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning with global coverage. Nowadays, GNSS includes
Global Positioning Systems (GPS, USA), Beidou (P. R. China), GLObal NAvigation Satellite
System (GLONASS, Russia), and Galileo (Europe), etc. It has been widely used in the precise
positioning of spacecrafts, air plane, boats, ships and mobile vehicles on the ground. Space-
borne GNSS receiver is also useful for other applications such as remote sensing, occulation
measurement and ocean reflectometry. Antenna is a critical component in GNSS receivers. A
highperformance GNSS antenna is required for precise positioning.
Many types of antennas have been proposed for GNSS applications, including Quadrifilar helix
antenna (QHA), microstrip antennas, dielectric antennas, etc. QHA is one of the most popu-
lar types of antennas used for GNSS, due to its excellent circular polarization property, broad
beamwidth, flexibility in its design and relatively compact size.
Several frequency bands have been used in GNSS, which requires the design of multi-band an-
tennas or multiple single-band antennas covering each band individually. For space-borne GNSS
receivers, the use of multi-band antenna instead of multiple antennas can minimize the number
of antennas used onboard, leading to smaller size and lower cost of spacecrafts. It is important
to design an antenna which can satisfy the multi-band performance while occupying a very small
size.
This paper will present the design, simulation, implementation and measurement results of a
novel multi-band antenna for GNSS receivers which can be put onboard a small satellite. The
antenna operates at two frequency bands which are L1 (1.575 GHz) and L2 band (1.227 GHz).
It has achieved good circular polarization performance within a broad 3-dB beamwidth, which
will enable the small satellite to receive signals from several GNSS satellites. Both the antenna
and its feed network are designed. The antenna has very small size, light weight and low cost.
Both simulation and measurement results will be presented. The antenna is also useful for GNSS
receivers onboard aircrafts and ground terminal.
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium Abstracts, Xi’an, China, March 22–26, 2010 399

A Numerical Study of the Interaction between Handset Antennas

and Human Head/Hand in GSM 900, DCS, PCS and UMTS
Frequency Bands
Danoosh Davoodi and Shahin Sharifzad
Sadjad Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract— The interaction between human head/hand tissues and handset antennas is a cru-
cial concept in mobile communications. Mobile handsets are used in proximity to user’s body
and this affect the transmitted or received power of the handset and some other characteristics
e.g., VSWR, radiation pattern. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the performance
of various types of handset antennas (two internal, two external) next to human head and hand.
The investigated frequency range covers GSM 900, DCS, PCS and UMTS frequency bands. Sim-
ulations are performed on antennas next to a simplified two layer cubical hand model and a six
layer spherical head model. Radiation patterns and VSWR of these antennas are computed in
free space as well as in the presence of head and hand. In addition, radiation efficiencies of these
handset antennas are computed in the presence of head and hand. All numerical simulations are
performed using the Ansoft HFSS software.
400 Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium Abstracts, Xi’an, China, March 22–26, 2010