TASK

INTERNET / INTRANET
"GPRS TECHNOLOGY"

Compiled by
CLASS B
Dasa Paramita Respati 123060031
Succession Fajarina Nararia 123060032
Stevia Andyna Rhebahudyana 123060025
Wellmara Wedatama 123060102

LECTURER
Willis Kaswidjanti, S.Si., MKom

INFORMATICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
UNIVERSITY OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT "veteran"
YOGYAKARTA
2009

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................ .................................................. ...........

CHAPTER I - INTRODUCTION .............................................. ..........................................
CHAPTER II - DISCUSSION .............................................. ............................................
1. GPRS Network ................................................ ..............................................
2. GPRS Handheld Devices ............................................... ...........................
3. GPRS System ................................................ ..................................................
4. GPRS Components ................................................ .........................................
5. Function Component ............................................... GPRS .................................
CHAPTER III - CONCLUSIONS .............................................. ............................................
REFERENCES ................................................ ................................................. 1
2
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

If we are Internet users, and it seems no day without air-ria Internet to check e-mail, browsing
web sites, chat, search for literature reports / thesis, download the program, and lainsebagainya.
Maybe what we've done so far is to go to
cafe. However, the hobby has been temporarily unable to do because we made a trip out of town
or who is often called the mobile.
At the time that is needed is technology GPRS (GeneralPacket Radio Service) which allows us to
be able to the Internet wherever they may be as long as the GPRS signal is present. GPRS
technology has long offered by GSM operators (mobile).
GPRS data packet to distribute Internet access up to 114Kbps. Transfer data to the Internet (Web
Server) via GPRS cellular networks.
Services available on the Internet can be accessed via GPRS, for internet protocols like GPRS. In
GSM networks, requires the module GGSN (Gateway GPRS Service Node) and SGSN (Serving
GPRS Service Node). GGSN acts as a gateway between the GPRS network and public data
network such as IP. GPRS network with the Internet is shown the image:

In the world of mobile communications industry ('mobile'), mobile data and multimedia has
become the focus of development, and GPRS ("General Packet Radio Service ') is the key that
allows for success in the marketplace. The reason is, via GPRS, explosive growth of Internet
services through cable network (telephone), the distribution is now possible through mobile
communications. Nortel Networks, Ericsson, Siemens, Nokia and many others in the
telecommunications industry publications states have been able to marry the Web with mobile
phones using GPRS technology, which now began to aggressively offered to the GSM and
TDMA operators interested in marketing the wireless internet service.
GPRS is a packet-based transmission system for GSM that uses the principle of 'tunneling'. It
offers a higher data rate. Data rate is roughly up to 160 kbps as compared to 9.6 kbps which can
be provided by a series of tersakelar GSM. Multiple radio channels can be allocated for a user
and the same channel can also be used to share ('sharing') among multiple users so that it
becomes very efficient.

In terms of cost, pricing is expected only refers to the volume of use. Users being charged in
relation to the number of bytes sent or received, regardless of the call, thus it is possible GPRS
will be more likely to be selected by the customer to access them instead of IP services.
GPRS is a new technology that allows mobile network operators to offer data services with
higher bit rates with low rates, thus making data services become attractive to the mass market.
The mobile communications network operators overseas GPRS is now seen as key to developing
mobile communications market to new competitors in the land that once belonged to a wired
network, the internet service. This condition is possible because the explosion of Internet usage
via a network cable (the phone) can also be done through the mobile network. As an illustration
of small, mobile services are now a success in the marketplace (for operators in foreign countries)
for instance is, weather reports, ordering food, sports news up to the information such as
important news.
GPRS contract procurement contracts and supporting products between manufacturers of
telecommunications equipment with mobile network operators also appear. The contract's first

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GPRS network in the world have been carried out in March 1999 that then between Ericsson with
mobile communication operators in Germany, T-Mobile. Next, Ericsson also handles contract
with the operator One 2 One in the UK, SmartTone Mobile Communications in Hong Kong,
Omnipoint in the United States. Companies such as communication devices lainnyapun Nortell
Networks, Nokia and others are now competing offers its contracts with operators who wish to
market their GPRS service.
In the field of mobile devices, collaboration has also been realized between Optimay and
Lucent's Technology Group. Optimay (Munich, Germany) software provides GPRS, Lucent's
microelectronic Group (Ascot, UK) software provides DSP and Lucent's microelectronic Group
(Allentown, USA) providing silicon to produce supporting products, and manufacture of
terminals so the GPRS network to appear .

CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

Existing data transmission techniques in current GSM is limiting the growth of mobile data
communications, this is because that is a single radio channel and low-speed, always have to
cater specifically for each user data during the duration of the communication (the technical term
is dedicated), for example, to SMS ( Short Message Service) 9.6 kbps. Thus this approach (which
is tersakelar communication circuit), ultimately leading to reduction or reduction in overall
system capacity and waste lebarpita. These conditions encourage the increase in operating costs
for network operators who in turn will be charged to the user. In the meantime, GPRS tersakelar
technology that uses packet (packet switching) allows all users in a cell can share the same
sources, in other words the customer uses the radio spectrum only when actually transmitting
data. Efficient use of spectrum in turn means better performance and lower costs. GPRS can offer
data rates up to 115 kbps or more, by combining channels and uses a new encryption technology.
Actually, GPRS does not offer high data rates sufficient for real multimedia, but it definitely is
the key to eliminating some of the principal limit for the enrichment of mobile data services.
Other factors such as services and innovative applications, the terminal is already familiar to
users and WAP to repair relations with the various wireless devices, will also help its evolution.
In detail there are several factors into consideration that the GPRS is a key technology for
moving data, namely;
• able to take advantage of global coverage capability owned GSM
• enrich the utility of investment for existing GSM devices
• is a good bridge technology towards the 3rd generation
• eliminate or reduce some of the barrier for mobile data access
• packet-based and thus fulfill the data traffic (which would normally be a series; burst) that is
able to provide services to multiple users
• has a data rate up to 115 kbps, which means twice as much connection 'dial up' in force 56 kbps
• communication which manifest themselves as 'always' connected so that a short session time
relationships and direct access to the internet
• offers QoS (Quality of Service = service quality), supports the delay that has been specified at
the right level, which would take precedence of different criteria, as well as various classes of
reliability
• offers the concept of 'one pipe for both packages' ie, voice and data, thus better support the
integration of services
• offer a relationship of communication in the form of point to point or multipoint

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• have the security that has become characteristic for the data terpaketisasi.
Because the GPRS packet-based, cost or usage rate is determined by the amount of data
transferred rather than based on connection time. This means suitable for a series of Internet
services. GPRS provides data transmission speeds, more than enough for most mass-market
applications, for example:
• mobile office applications
• service or sales in the field or community
• services-based group that calls (for example:
• stock market information)
• wireless access to data bases
• access to intranet / internet move
• e-commers (banking, points of sale locations)
• messages
• Setting or convoy or fleet management
• Information on traffic density, travel guides / reservation system
• security system
• Telemetry
• Highway charging system

1. GPRS Network
GPRS uses the same radio modulation with GSM standards, the same frequency band, the same
burst structure, the laws of the same frequency-hopping, and a frame structure (frame) the same
TDMA. Canals new packet data is very similar to the canals of conversation tersakelar traffic
circuit. Thus, BSS (Base Station Subsystem), which already exist will provide complete coverage
starting from the end GPRS network. However, it takes a new functional network entities, ie,
PCU (Packet Control Unit) which functions as a regulator of packet segmentation, radio channel
access, transmission errors and control power.
The spread of GPRS network is started with the introduction of a new overlay network subsystem
(NSS = Network Subsystem). He has two new network elements, ie, SGSN (Serving GPRS
Support Node) and GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node). SGSN has the same hierarchical
level with the MSC and VLR, keeping the groove (track) the location of the station-station moves
individually and perform security functions and access control. He is connected to the BSS via
Frame Relay. GGSN is roughly analogous to a Gateway MSC that handles network-jarinan
antarkerja with the external IP. GGSN wrap again with a new format (encapsulates) the packets
received external IO networks and merutekannya towards SGSN using GPRS tunneling protocol.
Although customers are continuously connected to the network, via GPRS, its spectrum remain
free for other customers to use it if no data is transferred. Not only that, GPRS allows
pemultiplekan statistically spectrum. This means there is no creation time to call and the operator
can also offer a wide range of services that make it an ideal platform for data services that have
added value.
One consideration that needs attention is the area of network operators (especially at the interface
air = water interface) if GPRS is introduced. Influence of the GPRS network on the existing
system if traffic data is at least a little. If on the contrary, that there are a lot of data traffic, then
the operator will need a backup PDCH (Packet Data Channel). The maximum number of time
slots for PDCH dicadangan predetermined, given the GPRS time slots are released immediately if
the voice communication requires a relationship. The disadvantage is the data rate drop if traffic
to the conversation rises, resulting in a longer packet delay. In a cell with one carrier, two GPRS
channels can be allocated given a cell with six carriers can accommodate up to six PDCH.
If the guarantee quality of service (QoS) is really implemented in the GPRS, there is little
flexibility to minimize the time slots for GPRS but the capacity for voice traffic can be dropped.

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If the number of available channels in a cell is very low, then a comparable influence on the voice
capacity can be decreased dramatically. Therefore, in small cells should be expected not too
much of its GPRS traffic. In general, the guidelines can be used, approximately 80% of capacity
reserved for non-GPRS traffic.
The other aspect of this is capacity available to its users. For example, suppose there is a cell that
allocates three-PDCH, which can 'handle' uncompressed speeds of about 30kbps. The number of
users that can be served depends on the type of traffic that occurs. A single cell can handle
10,000 to 100,000 users for low speed applications (eg telemetry, information services), but only
100 to 1,000 users for the application of e-mail or WWW, which requires an increase in the data.
Definition of the word "handling "in this context means providing a decent speed transmission
with no significant packet delay. In applications such as file transfer, the cell can accommodate
about ten users, which is roughly equal to the ability of HSCSD (High-Speed Circuit-Switched
Data): This is due to absence of benefit from the use of pemultiplekan statistically significant. For
planning purposes, a traffic model consisting of a mixture of all types of data can be used. The
use of such models can lead to a conclusion, that the cell can accommodate about 1,000 users.
The above figures indicate that the GPRS is very effective for the user service data with minimal
impact to voice services.

2. GPRS Handheld Devices

To support the character of the GPRS network, there must be additional requirements on the
hardware cell. A handheld device is basically a GSM now has a 1MB ROM and RAM 128kB. To
support GPRS, WAP and organizer functions, maker consider the minimum capacity of 4MB of
ROM and 512KB RAM, not to mention the display screen (display) resolution height and width
plus the keypad, mini joystick. Of course this affects the price increase handheld devices. But this
kind of product is intended for users or future business customers, who always saw a single
device as a practical matter that meet their communications and the needs of the organizer.
Today, early versions of the new GPRS mobile devices in its early stages commonly used to hold
the aircraft, infrastructure development and testing. It is expected the first production launched a
handheld device for experiments that uses easily recognized user, the number of devices reaches
several tens of thousands. During the end of the second half of 2000, the network operators and
terminal manufacturers will conduct extensive experiments, accumulating experience to get
feedback, not only in terms of reliability of the technology but also the possibility of different
services that have been planned.
In terms of technology standardization, ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)
which is the authorized body distribution, has yet to deliver a series of specifications. These
conditions will make the GPRS terminals rests on a variety of specifications, which one is
slightly different to each other, until eventually the network operators and equipment
manufacturers agree with the provisions of ETSI in this general version transmitted. Of course
this technology base value will be low if not verified and proven keterandalannya. These
considerations make 'Lucent' and a team of developers GPRS 'Optimay' trying to catch the
opportunity to establish cooperation in supplying equipment to test the technology GPRS
handsets are expected to provide GPRS service to 75% in the world of GPRS / GSM. The reason
was clear that GPRS is the forefront of that will change the state of mobile communications.
Innovation handheld devices will increase while the manufacturer is still trying to struggle to find
a combination of features, applications and design that will generate the primary product market.
Technology will grow and prices will go down if the market for the developing world. But the
most interesting developments the emphasis is on new services and applications that will evolve

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as mobile phones evolve to be a basic foundation (platform) mobile application.

3. GPRS System
• In general, the General Packet Radio Service or GPRS is a technology that allows sending and
receiving data more quickly when compared with the use of technology Circuit Switch Data, or
CSD.
• GPRS network is separate from the GSM network and is currently only used for data
applications.
• The main components of the GPRS network are:
- GGSN; gate connecting the GSM network to the Internet network
- SGSN; gate connective tissue BSS / BTS to the GPRS network
- PCU; BSS-level components that connect the terminal to the GPRS network
• In theory, GPRS data transmission speed can reach 115 kb / s. However, their implementation
depends on the variety of things such as:
- Configuration and Allocation of time slots at the level of Radio / BTS
- Technology software used
- Support mobile phone
• This explains why at certain moments, in certain locations; GPRS access was slow, and even
slower than the speed of access to the CSD which has 9.6 kb / s
• GPRS System provides a basic solution for Internet Protocol, the communication between the
mobile station with an Internet Service Hosts (IH) or Corporate LAN.
• Connections to other external packet data network using the IP

GPRS System Configuration

GPRS in the GSM Network Architecture

4. GPRS Components
The main components of the GPRS network are:
GSM gateway connecting to the Internet networkץ GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node)
network connecting gate BSS / BTS to the GPRS networkץ SGSN (Serving GPRS Support
Node)
BSS-level components that connect the terminal to the GPRS networkץ PCU

5. Function Component GPRS

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• SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node)
1. deliver packet data to MS
2. Update subscriber to the HLR
3. Registration for new customers
• GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node)
1. Interface to a PDN
2. Routing Information
- Transfer data from the PDU to the SGSN
3. Network Screening
4. User Screening
5. Address Mapping

CHAPTER III
CONCLUSION

Further developments in the evolution of the Wireless Internet after GPRS is EDGE (Enhanced
Data rates for GSM and TDMA Evolution), which enables operators to offer data services at
speeds up to 384 kbps and UMTS with speeds up to 2Mbps. UMTS Forum estimates based
multimedia communications data will contribute about 60% of communications traffic in third
generation mobile communication network. By increasing the current GSM network capability
with GPRS technology, the network operator to introduce mobile data services, while at the same
time capable of protecting the assets of an existing infrastructure without limiting the evolution
towards UMTS.
The introduction of ATMs will be a key factor in the migration to UMTS networks because ATM
can handle data, multimedia, full-motion video, and videoconferencing with a highly efficient,
and of course with good QoS. ATM also enables dynamic bandwidth allocation, allowing the
cable company and telephone tariffs individually draw for every customer based on the number
lebarpita they use.
ATM is not only a bridge connection or a UMTS radio path to penyakelaran elements, but also
menginterkoneksi penyaler-penyakelarnya. Because cell-based ATM, it is suitable for carrying
GPRS traffic. The use of ATM also allows the operator to integrate all types of communications
traffic within a switch, an option that is cheaper and easier from the point of view of
communication management as compared with the use of two separate devices (tersakelar voice
circuits and data packets) in a GPRS / GSM

REFERENCES

• Beutmuller, Andrew A. ('Siemens', Munich). "Bringing New Meaning to Mobile with GPRS".
Telecommunications Development Asia Pacific. Dec.1999.
• Chan, Andrew ('SmarTone Mobile Comm'. Ltd.Hong Kong). "Deploying Enhanced 'Ericsson'."
3G Starts Rolling with GPRS ". Communications International. November 1999.
• 'Nokia's End-to-end GPRS solution'. "Connect to a Fast-Moving Market with GPRS Data
Services". Telecommunications. Sept.1999.

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• Nokia's Telecomm.Magazine. "Heralds HSCSD Six-Fold Speed Increase for GSM". Discovery.
Volume 49. June 1999
• Nortel Networks'. "Delivering GPRS Wireless Internet now". Communications International.
June 1999.
• Meads, Brian, (Marketing Director 'Optimay'). "Design considerations for GSM / GPRS
terminals". Telecommunications Development Asia Pacific. March 2000.
• Service with GPRS ". Telecommunications Development Asia Pacific. Dec.1999.