Advanced Fibres

Aramid Fibres (Aromatic Polyamides)

meta-Aramid (Nomex, by DuPont)
Thermal and Electrical Insulation

para-Aramid (Kevlar, by DuPont, and Twaron, by Teijin)

Stronger than Nomex

para-Aramid, aromatic copolyamide (Technora by Teijin)

more flexible and stronger!

Gel spun Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)

Dyneema by DSM High Performance Fibres and Toyobo/DSM joint venture

Spectra by Honeywell

Carbon fibres
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based
Pitch based

Melt spun wholly aromatic polyester (DB)

Commercially: Vectran, a thermotropic liquid crystal polymer (TLCP)
Liquid crystal polymer (LCP)

Poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) (PBO) and poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole) (PBT)

High temperature applications

M5 or The polymer is poly{2,6-diimidazo[4,5-b:4￠,5￠-e]pyridinylene-1,4-(2,5-dihydroxy)phenylene}

(PIPD)

High strength and high modulus fibres

Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE), e.g. Dyneema and Spectra
P-aramid para-phenylene terephthalamide (Kevlar and Twaron)

High chemical and combustion resistance organic fibres

M-aramid meta-phenylene isophthalamide (Nomex)
Polyether ether ketone (PEEK)
Polyether ketone (PEK)
p-phenylene sulphide (PPS)
Polybenzimidazole (PBI)
Oxidised acrylic fibre (Panox)

High performance inorganic fibres

Glass
Carbon
Graphite and Graphene
Aluminium oxide and Silicon oxide fibres
Boron Nitrate (BN)
Silicon carbide fibres

Elastomerics (Spandex)
Ceramic
Vectran (High performance polyester)
PBO
M5
Conex
Kermel
Inidex

Ultrafine and Novelty fibres

Structure (Physical and Chemical)

All physical and chemicals properties
Dominant properties and their relation to the structure
Manufacturing
Commercially available forms and names (with manufacturers)
Applications