Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Exercícios resolvidos
Figura1: Gráfico de f (x ) .
1
c) Determine a série de Fourier correspondente a f(x).
P = 2L = 10 ⇒ L = 5
1 3
L 0 5
∫ ∫ ∫
1 3
3dx = [x ]0 = (5 − 0 ) = 3
5
a0 = f (x )dx = 0dx +
L 5 5 5
−L −5 0
a0 = 3
1
L 0 5
∫ ∫ ∫
1 nπ x nπ x nπ x
an = ( )
f x cos dx = 0 cos dx + 3 cos dx
L L 5 5 5
−L −5 0
5
3 5 nπ x 3
a n = sen = [sen (nπ) − sen (0)] = 0
5 nπ 5 0 nπ
an = 0
1
L 0 5
∫ ∫ ∫
1 nπ x nπ x nπ x
bn = f (x )sen dx = 0sen dx + 3sen dx
L L 5 5 5
−L −5 0
5
3 5 nπ x 3 3
b n = − cos = − [cos(nπ) − cos(0)] = [1 − cos(nπ)]
5 nπ 5 0 nπ nπ
3 3
bn =
nπ
[ n
1 − (− 1) =
nπ
]
(− 1)n +1 + 1 [ ]
3
bn =
nπ
[
(− 1)n +1 + 1 ]
Série de Fourier de f (x ) :
∑
∞
3 3
f (x ) = +
(− 1)n +1 + 1 sen nπ x
2 π n 5
n =1
2
3 3 2 πx 2 3π x 2 5π x 2 7π x
f (x ) = + sen + sen + sen + sen + K
2 π 1 5 3 5 5 5 7 5
3 6 πx 1 3π x 1 5π x 1 7π x
f (x ) = + sen + sen + sen + sen + K
2 π 5 3 5 5 5 7 5
∑
∞
3 6 1 (2n − 1)π x
f (x ) = + sen
2 π 2n − 1 5
n =1
(a) (b)
d) Redefina f(x) para que a série de Fourier venha a convergir para f(x) em
− 5 ≤ x ≤ 5.
3
2 , x = -5
0, - 5 < x < 0
3
f (x ) = , x = 0
2
3, 0 < x < 5
3 , x = 5
2
3
2. Questão 2, página 27 das notas de aula.
Figura 3: Gráfico de f (x ) .
P = 2L = 2π ⇒ L = π
c+ 2L 2π
∫ ∫
2π
1 1 1 x3 1 8π 2
a0 =
L
f (x )dx =
π
2
x dx = =
π 3 0 3π
8π 3 − 0 = (3
)
c 0
8π 2
a0 =
3
c+ 2L 2π
∫ ∫
1 nπ x 1
an = f (x ) cos dx = x 2 cos(nx )dx (1)
L
c
L π
0
∫ udv = uv −
∫ vdu
4
sen (nx )
u = x 2 , du = 2xdx, dv = cos(nx )dx, v =
n
∫ ∫
x 2 sen (nx ) 2
x 2 cos(nx )dx = − x sen (nx )dx
n n
cos(nx )
u = x , du = dx, dv = sen (nx )dx , v = −
n
∫
x 2 sen (nx ) 2 x cos(nx ) 2sen (nx )
x 2 cos(nx )dx = + − +C
n n2 n3
2π
∫
2π
1 1 x 2 sen (nx ) 2x cos(nx ) 2sen (nx )
an = x cos(nx )dx =
2
+ −
π
0
π n n2 n3 0
1 4π 4
an = 2
− 0 = 2
π n n
4
an =
n2
c+2L 2π
∫ ∫
1 nπ x 1
bn = f (x )sen dx = x 2 sen (nx )dx (2)
L
c
L π
0
cos(nx )
u = x 2 , du = 2xdx, dv = sen (nx )dx , v = −
n
∫ ∫
x 2 cos(nx ) 2
x 2 sen (nx )dx = − + x cos(nx )dx
n n
5
sen (nx )
u = x , du = dx, dv = cos(nx )dx, v =
n
∫
x 2 cos(nx ) 2 x sen (nx ) 2 cos(nx )
x 2 sen (nx )dx = − + + +C
n n2 n3
2π
∫
2π
1 1 x 2 cos(nx ) 2 x sen (nx ) 2 cos(nx )
bn = x sen (nx )dx = −
2
+ +
π
0
π n n2 n3 0
1 4π 2 2 2 4π
bn = − + 3 − 3=−
π n n n n
4π
bn = −
n
Série de Fourier de f (x ) :
∑
∞
4π 2 cos(nx ) πsen (nx )
f (x ) = +4 n 2 − (3)
3 n
n =1
4π 2 + 0
= 2π 2 .
2
6
Figura 4: (a) Expansão de f (x ) em série de Fourier com n = 10 ; (b) expansão de f (x ) em
série de Fourier com n = 20 .
∑n =1
1
n2
= 1 +
1
+
1
+
1
2 2 32 4 2
+ L =
π2
6
.
∑
∞
4π 2 1
2π 2 = +4
3 n2
n =1
∑
∞
1 2 4π 2 2π 2
4 = 2 π − =
n2 3 3
n =1
∑
∞
1 π2
=
n2 6
n =1
7
Exercícios propostos (página 28 das notas de aula)
R.: f (x ) = π + 2
∑n =1
(− 1)n +1 sen(nx )
n
∞
(− 1)n+1 π
c) Mostre que ∑ 2n − 1
n =1
=
4
.
(a) (b)
nπ
∞ 1 − cos
R.: f (x ) =
1 8
+
2 π2 ∑n =1
n
2
2
cos nπ x
2