Assignment No:-4

CAP-323
Multimedia
System
Submitted to: Submitted by:
Respected Ankur Singh
Jasleen Mam Roll no: - Re3801a
 HOME WORK 4

DOA: 18/4 DOS: 25/04

DoT: 26/4
1.List the various methods of connecting a computer with
the “World”, and discuss the benefits and drawbacks of
each.

Ans 1
Advantages

• Increases learning effectiveness.

· Is more appealing over traditional, lecture-based learning methods.

· Offers significant potential in improving personal communications, education

and training efforts.

· reduces training costs.

· is easy to use.

· Tailors information to the individual.

· Provides high-quality video images & audio.

· Offers system portability.

· frees the teacher from routine tasks.

· Gathers information about the study results of the student.

Disadvantages

Disadvantages of multimedia:

· Expensive

· Not always easy to configure

· Requires special hardware

· Not always compatible

 2.Why might a word processor be the most used piece
of software in a multimedia production? Think of all the
project elements that a word processor might be used
for, especially within project management and in
content development.

Ans 2

Text is the most widely used and flexible means of presenting

information on screen and conveying ideas. The designer should not
necessarily try to replace textual elements with pictures or sound, but
should consider how to present text in an acceptable way and
supplementing it with other media. For a public system, where the
eyesight of its users will vary considerably, a clear reasonably large
font should be used. Users will also be put off by the display of large
amounts of text and will find it hard to scan. To present tourist
information about a hotel, for example, information should be
presented concisely under clear separate headings such as location,
services available, prices, contact details etc.

• Since multimedia is usually defined as the integration of sound etc. with

text, we start with text.
• Strictly, speaking, text is created on a computer, so it doesn't really
extend a computer system the way audio and video do. But,
understanding how text is stored will set the scene for understanding
how multimedia is stored.
• Interestingly, when computers were first developed, it was thought that
their major use would be processing numbers (called number-
crunching).
• This is not the major use of computers today. Processing words (not
called word-crunching!) is the major use.
3.List and describe the different types of authoring
systems and discuss the strength of each one. Describe
the type of project that might be particularly well
suited for each of these types, and explain why you
might face challenges using other type.

Ans 3
There are numerous development models that can be
used for multimedia applications
•Authoring systems generally fall into one or more of the
following categories:

–Slide, card or frame based

–Icon based
–The score model
–Object-oriented models
–Scripting language based

•Some systems combine one or more of these to create

more sophisticated tools
4.How is the World Wide Web used today? How do you
use it? What types of sites do you visit? How has it
changed in your personal experience?

Ans 4
Internet is undoubtedly the most crucial technology of the modern world, the
useful application has not only made our lives easier than ever before but it
also plays a very important role in the future developments.

Everyone is of course very well known that internet has the global
advantages than just a few concentrated ones. With the introduction of the
internet the global communication has become a matter of just the finger
tips of the users. The internet has brought about the various different,
innovative communication means like the emailing, chatting, and the voice
conversation system over the internet.

These systems have not only made the communication easy but also the
daily lives interactions following the business of people living on the other
sides of the world. The other blessings of the internet include the umpteen
resources that we can get on anything at all over the net and also the
entertainment via the games, websites, and media access which was never
so easy before.
Communication is faster and easier than ever, so
people on opposite sides of the world can speak to
each other over the internet as if they were speaking in
person. also, the internet can be seen in aiding the
spread of culture, because of all of the communication
made possible by the internet.

5.List and describe the most important tags for

multimedia in HTML.

Ans 5

1. <APPLET
CODE=MyApplet.class
WIDTH=XX HEIGHT=YY>
<param name="param1"
value=my1Value>
<param name="param2"
value=my2Value>
</aPPLET>
Java Applet
Loads a compiled Java applet into the web page. Parameters include
code (source), the name of the Java .class file; height and width
screen dimensions of the applet; param and value are the names of
variables and data that need to be passed to the applet.

2. <object
classid="....
codebase="...."
WIDTH="XX" HEIGHT="XX"
NAME="sw" ID="swmovie">

<PARAM NAME="SRC"
VALUE="sw_file.dcr">
<PARAM NAME="BGCOLOR"
VALUE="#FFFFFF">

<embed src="sw_file.dcr"
width=XX height=YY
bgcolor=#FFFFFF
pluginspage="....>
</embed>
</object>

Shockwave
Loads a Shockwave multimedia application into the page. The nested
object and embed tags are needed for it to work with Internet
Explorer browsers and NetScape browsers.

Parameters for the object tag include classid and codebase which
identify the code and source for the Active X controller; width and
height are the screen dimensions of the shockwave file; NAME and ID
are used mainly in integration with browser scripting, such as
VBScript; PARAM "SRC" is the file name for the shockwave file;
PARAM "BGCOLOR" is a solid color to display in area while the file
loads.

Parameters for the embed tag include src the file name for the
shockwave file; width and height are the screen dimensions of the
shockwave file; bgcolor is a solid color to display in area while the file
loads; pluginspage is web location to get latest version of Shockwave
plug-in.

3.
<embed src="video.mov">

<embed src="video.mpg">
<embed src="audio.wav">
height=x width=y

autoplay=true|false
controller=true|false
loop=true|false

URL=http://...
target="window_name"
pluginspage=http://...
Embedded Video/audio
Displays a digital video or audio clip within a web page, may require
extra software "plug-in" to play back. Most common video formats are
QuickTime or MPEG. Audio files can be a video without an image track,
or MIDI, AIFF, or WAVE.

4.
<a href="xxxx.jpg">
link text</a>

<a href="xxxx.jpg"
target="_blank">
link text</a>
Hyperlink to an Image
Hypertext link that jumps to a displayed image, the file can be a GIF,
JPEG and the value of href can be a local image file or a full URL. Using
the TARGET attribute can load the image in a new browser window

5.
<img src="file.gif">

<img src="file.jpg">

<img src="file.gif"
alt="###"
align=top|middle|bottom|
left|right
height=x width=y
hspace=H vspace=V
border=B>

Inline Image
Display a GIF/JPEG/PNG image or animated GIF within web page. src
 (source) is the name, file path, or URL for the image file; alt
(alternative) is a string of text displayed for non-graphic browsers or
users with image loading turned off; align controls relation of image
and surrounding text (top/middle/bottom will align ONE line of
succeeding text; left/right will place image to side of page and wrap
text around it); height and width are the dimensions of the image
measured in pixels; hspace and vspace indicate how much blank
space (in pixels) to "pad" around the image; BORDER attribute defines
in pixels, how thick a border to be placed around the image.

6.Discuss the following standards:

 GIF
 JPEG
 MPEG
Ans 6
GIF

The Graphics Interchange Format was developed in 1987 at the request of

Compuserve, who needed a platform independent image format that was
suitable for transfer across slow connections. It is a compressed (lossless)
format (it uses the LZW compression) and compresses at a ratio of
between 3:1 and 5:1

It is an 8 bit format which means the maximum number of colours

supported by the format is 256.

There are two GIF standards, 87a and 89a (developed in 1987 and 1989
respectively). The 89a standard has additional features such as improved
interlacing, the ability to define one colour to be transparent and the
ability to store multiple images in one file to create a basic form of
animation.

Both Mosaic and Netscape will display 87a and 89a GIFs, but while both
support transparency and interlacing, only Netscape supports animated
GIFs.

JPEG
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)

JPEG is a standardised image compression mechanism. JPEG is designed

for compressing either full-colour (24 bit) or grey-scale digital images of
"natural" (real-world) scenes.

It works well on photographs, naturalistic artwork, and similar material; not

so well on lettering, simple cartoons, or black-and-white line drawings
(files come out very large). JPEG handles only still images, but there is a
related standard called MPEG for motion pictures.

JPEG is "lossy", meaning that the image you get out of decompression isn't
quite identical to what you originally put in. The algorithm achieves much
of its compression by exploiting known limitation of the human eye,
notably the fact that small colour details aren't perceived as well as small
details of light-and-dark. Thus, JPEG is intended for compressing images
that will be looked at by humans.

A lot of people are scared off by the term "lossy compression". But when it
comes to representing real-world scenes, no digital image format can
retain all the information that impinges on your eyeball. By comparison
with the real-world scene, JPEG loses far less information than GIF.

MPEG

MPEG (pronounced M-peg), which stands for Moving Picture Experts Group,
is the name of a family of standards used for coding audio-visual
information (e.g., movies, video, music) in a digital compressed format.

The major advantage of MPEG compared to other video and audio coding
formats is that MPEG files are much smaller for the same quality. This is
because MPEG uses very sophisticated compression techniques.