Coal gasification technology in China:

Application and development

Fuchen Wang
Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification of Ministry of Education
zCoal gasification technology
zApplication
z Research & Development
z IGCC in China
Coal gasification
technology
 2007 Output of coal in China is about 2.52
billion tons
 1. Coal gasification technology

Coal gasification is the key and core

technology
 Entrained Bed
Texaco Shell Prenflo

Fluized Bed
Fixed Bed
Lurgi HTW

Conoco GSP

Phillips

Entrained bed is the trend of coal gasification

technology.
 Type Representative Max Features
patent supplier Size(t/d)
Fixed Lurgi 500 High requirements for
bed UGI coals、low gasification
temperature、difficulty in
gas processing
Fluidize HTW 840 High requirements for
d Bed KRW coals、low gasification
temperature 、low
conversion rate of coal
Entrain Texaco 2000 high temperature,
ed flow Shell 2000 high pressure, full
bed Prenflo 2600 mixing and high
OMB 1150 conversion rate
(95%～99%)
 Large-scale equipment is a requisite for the
development of related technologies
Syn-gas
CO+H2
Coal Gasification
In-direct Oil
liquefaction
25 mil. t/y 50 mil. t/y

ƒ Around 25 units of 3,000t/d gasification

facility are needed
ƒ Gasification takes 55%-60% of total
investment
Application
 Ammonia Industry

„ Ammonia industry is the biggest consumer

of gasification technology in China. Coal-
based synthetic ammonia accounts for
about 75% of total output.
„ Ammonia output 51 Mt in 2007. Consume
55 Mt coal per year.
„ Most of them use anthracite lump coal and
fixed bed gasifier, which is high energy
consumption and high pollution.
Methanol industry and downstream products
„The methanol ouput in 2007 is 10.72 Mt/a, which
will consume 12 Mt coal/a since coal-based
methanol accounts for about 80% of total output.
„Most is Fixed bed. It is estimated most will be the
entrained bed in 3 years.
„ DME, MTO, MTP.
Fuel gas
„ Fuel gas consumes 50 Mt coal/a.

„ Most is Fixed bed.

Coal liquefaction, IGCC power generation
 Predicted the increased coal in 2020: 0.22~0.36 Bt coal
Production value of related industry: ~300 B yuan/a
Patent fee for introduce all tech: ~2 B U.S. dollor

Coal gasification technology is regarded as the key research

field in “National plan in Sci & Tech development for
medium and long term”
Research & Development
¾Investigation on coal gasification technology in China
start in early 1960’s
¾1966-1976 all study works were interrupted
¾Early 1980’s pilot gasifier( Texaco CWS entrained
gasifier) built up in Lintong Fertilizer Research Institute
¾ 1990’s pilot fluidized bed gasifier built up in
Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of
Sciences 2001 commercial fluidized bed gasifier began
to operate, capacity 200t coal/d
¾The research and development of gasification
technology by East China University of Science and
Technology in 20 years, and is demonstrated in
Yankuang group 2005 .
 1. ECUST Gasifier R&D History

Innovation & Industrial Scale up

Demo. 2000TPD.
Pilot Plant
1150TPD Integrated in
22TPD
750TPD Poly-gen., IGCC

1996~2000 2001~2005 2006~2010

Pilot plant

1) Coal slurry OMB gasifier

Time: 2000
Capacity: 22 t/d
Pressure: 1.0-4.0MPa
 Pilot experiment results of CWS OMB gasifier

Oxy Coal Consump. Carbon

Capacity CO+H2 Consump.
Gasifier Nm O 3 Conver. PS.
t /d % 3
2
1000Nm (CO+H 2 )
kg coal
1000Nm 3 (CO+H 2 ) %

OMB gasifier (pilot Coal mixtures,

~22 ~83 ~380 ~550 >98
plant) loading~61%

pilot plant ~15 80~81 ~410 ~600 ~95 Same to above

Lunan
same coal to above,
Fertilizer Scale Plant ~400 81.4 - - -
loading 61.6~63.6%
Plant

same coal to above,

Scale Plant ~400 ~83 ~410 ~590 ~95
loading ~65%

Shenfu coal, loading

Shanghai Coking Plant ~500 ~80 ~410 ~640 ~95
~60%

Huating coal, loading

Weihe Fertilizer Plant ~800 ~80 ~410 ~630 ~95
~62%
2) Pulverized coal OMB gasifier
Time: 2004
Capacity: 15-45 t/d
Pressure: 1.0-4.0MPa
(In 2005, CO2 is used as the pumped
medium in the pilot plant.)
 Pilot experiment results of Pulverized coal OMB gasifier

Oxy. Coal Consump.

(CO+H2) Carbon Consump.
Gasifier feedstock Coal
% conver. % Nm3O 2 kg coal
1000Nm3 (CO+H 2 ) 1000Nm 3 (CO+H 2 )

Present coal used in

Pulverized
89~93 98~99 300~320 530~540 Lunan gasifier
coal
OMB gasifier (pilot (Ash 9.14%)
plant) Former coal used in
CWS 83 >98 380 550 Lunan gasifier
(Ash 7.67%)

Shell Pulverized
90 >99 340 590 Ash 18%
(Shell China Co.) coal
Present coal used in
Texaco (Lunan ~83 ~399 ~644
CWS Lunan gasifier
Fertilizer Plant) (Oct, 2004) (Jun~Dec,2003) (Jun~Dec,2003)
(Ash 9.14%)
 Industrial Applications

1 2 3
• Hualu Hengshen
• Yankuang Cathay Coal
Chemical Co.Ltd. Chemicals Co. Ltd. • Yankuang Lunan Fertilizer
• 1 gasifier • 3 gasifiers (2+1) Plant
• 750 TPD • 1150 TPD • 1 gasifiers
• 6.5 MPa • 4.0 MPa • 1150 TPD
• Startup on July 2005 • 4.0 MPa
• Startup on Jun. 2005
• Final Product: MeOH, • Startup on July 2008
• Final Product: MeOH,
Power, HAc • Final Product: MeOH, NH3
NH3
 The first coal-based
polygeneration plant in China

The first patent owned large-scale

coal slurry gasifier in China
Broken GE, Shell, and Siemens’ monopoly in large-scale
gasification technology, and become one of players in the world.
 Technology features
申请号 专利名称
ZL95111750.5 带有旋流器的三通道组合式水煤浆气化喷嘴
ZL98110616.1 多喷嘴对置式水煤浆或煤粉气化炉及其应用
ZL00111437.9 煤基两段组合式气化工艺及其装置
ZL01112701.5 碳氢化合物为原料煤气生产装置中的含渣废水热回收方法
ZL01112880.1 一种复合床高温煤气冷却洗涤设备及其工业应用
ZL01112700.7 以含碳氢化合物为原料气流床生产煤气的初步净化装置
ZL01112702.3 一种高温煤气冷却洗涤设备及其工业应用
ZL02111205.3 干煤粉加压气化过程中干煤粉的加料方法与装置
ZL02151143.8 带有内分布器的三喷口天然气部分氧化制合成气烧嘴
ZL03115227.9 三相气流床生产甲醇的方法和装置
ZL03115820.X 一种以合成气为原料循环气流床生产二甲醚的方法和装置
ZL02151238.8 多通道天然气部分氧化制合成气烧嘴
ZL01126381.4 高温气体脱氯剂及其制备方法
ZL02139941.7 煤灰型碱金属蒸汽吸附剂
ZL02139942.5 一种吸附碱金属蒸汽的吸附剂
ZL00119799.1 一种在三相淤浆床中合成二甲醚的方法
ZL02136724.8 一种在组合床中催化合成二甲醚的方法
ZL0310108386.X 能够调节控制和均匀分配煤粉流量的装置和操作方法
ZL94214422.8 双通道内旋组合式喷嘴 （共同专利权人）
ZL97235458.1 五通道负荷可控式水煤浆气化喷嘴
ZL01210097.8 顶部设有喷嘴的多喷嘴对置式水煤浆或煤粉气化炉
ZL01239008.9 以含碳氢化合物为原料气流床生产煤气的排渣装置
ZL01239007.0 气流床生产煤气装置中回收含渣废水热量的热水塔
ZL02216472.3 一种用于煤粉加压气化装置控制粉煤加入量的气密式加料器
ZL02266704.0 一种射流型洗涤冷却水均布器
ZL200320108896.2 设有定位块的洗涤冷却水均布器
ZL200420041534.0 气相介质气化喷嘴 （共同专利权人）
ZL200420041535.5 气液混合相气化喷嘴 （共同专利权人）
ZL200420041457.9 气化喷嘴的滑动密封装置 （共同设计人）
ZL200420114032.6 一种粉煤部分氧化制备合成气喷嘴
ZL200420114033.0 加压气化反应器
………………………………………

(1) OMB CWS Gasification Process (2)Grading purification of syngas

·OMB gasifier
(3)Direct heat exchange in the
·Pre-film CWS Burner
treatment of slag water
·Complex chilling chamber
·Cross-flow chilling water distributor „50s authorized patents
„30s among them is related to
gasification
168 h Practical Assessment by Sino Petro
Chem Association in Dec 12-19, 2005
 Features
¾ High carbon conversion and low oxygen/coal consumption
because of proper flow pattern in the gasifier
¾ Easy to scale up (like 2000-3000 ton coal/day) because of
multi-burner
¾ High efficient of syngas primary purification section, low
process pressure lost and low flyash in syngas(1mg/Nm3
syngas) because of “Step-by-Step” concept
¾ High heat recover efficiency and stability in slag water treat
section because of direct heat exchange between grey
water and vapor from high pressure flash of slag water
 Num. of
Press Capac
Units Final
Plant ure ity Remarks
(Operating Product
(MPa) (TPD)
+ Spare)
Hualu Hengsheng Chemicals MeOH, NH3 Started up on Dec. 2004
Co., Ltd.
6.5 1 750

Yankuang Cathay Coal MeOH, Started up on Oct. 2005

Chemicals Co., Ltd.
4.0 3 (2+1) 1150 Power
Yankuang Lunan Fertilizer Plant 4.0 1 1150 MeOH Start up on July. 2008

Fenghuang Fertilizer Plant 6.5 3 (2+1) 1500 MeOH, NH3 Start up on Nov. 2008

Jiangsu Linggu Chemicals NH3 Start up on Jan. 2009

Co.,Ltd.
4.0 2 (1+1) 1800

Jiangsu Sopo Group 6.5 3 (2+1) 1500 MeOH Start up on Mar. 2009
MeOH Start up on Quarter 3rd ,
Shenhuang Ningxia Coal Group 4.0 3 (2+1) 2000 2009
MeOH、CO、 Start up on Quarter 1st ,
Ningbo Wanhua Co.Ltd. 6.5 3 (2+1) 1200 H2 2010
Start up on Quarter 4th,
Hangzhou Banshan Power Plant 4.0 1 2200 IGCC
2009
Start up on Quarter 1st,
Shandong Jiutai Co. Ltd. 6.5 6 (4+2) 2000 MeoH, DME
2010
Start up on Quarter 2nd ,
Anhui Huayi Chemicals Co., Ltd. 6.5 3 (2+1) 1500 MeOH
2010
Start up on Quarter 3rd ,
Shandong Shengda Co., Ltd 6.5 2 (1+1) 2300 MeOH, DME
2010
Aroused the focus and appraisal
of international gasification field

OMB gasification technology aroused

the focus of international gasification
field, ICCT was invited to give a report in
the 2006 gasification conference.
Up left： James Childress, Chairman
of Gasification Organization
Up right：Expert of ICCT, ECUST
Down： Dr. Higman, the author of
“Gasification”
Christopher Higman gave a positive appraisal on the
technology in his review report “Turning promise
into reality” in Modern Power System.
 2.Other gasification technologies in China

¾Shan Xi Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy

of Sciences : Ash Agglomerating Fluidized Bed Coal
Gasification Technology

Pressure：0.03 MPa
Gasifier Dia.：2.4 m
Capacity：100 t/d
Syngas output：
～9000 Nm3/h
CO+H2 con.:68~72%
¾Xi＇an Thermal Power Research Institute: Pilot plant of two-
stage dry feed entrained flow gasifier
National “Tenth five” 863 program

Pilot plant: 36 t/d

Pressure: 2~3MPa
Tem:1300~1400℃
IGCC in China
¾ 1995 begun to discuss first IGCC power
plant
¾ 1999 Yantai IGCC power plant project
authorized, capacity 300MW
¾ 2006 Small IGCC (80MW) plant start
operation in Shandong Yankuang Group.
Fuel Gas from OMB gasifier.
 National Hi-tech Research and Development Program (863 Program)
Coal-based Poly-generation
„ 2000 TPD CWS gasification technology
„ 2000 TPD Pulverized coal gasification
technology
„ Yankuang Group 1Mt/year F-T plant 200MW
IGCC plant
„ Luan Group 1Mt/year F-T plant 200MW IGCC
plant
„ Huaneng Group(Tianjin city) 250MW IGCC
plant
„ Huadian Group(Hanzhou city) 200MW IGCC
plant
 Conclusion
„ Coal gasification is the core technology in the clean
and high-efficient utilization of coal.
„ Coal gasification technology is of significance to the
sustainable development of energy and the
resolution of environment problem in China.
„ The fast development of society and economy in
China present a precious opportunity and a large
market for coal gasification technology. It is
predicted more other gasification technology would
be applied in China in the future 10 years.
Thank You!