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¢ Boiler feed water needs to be treated to prevent corrosion and scale formation
within the boiler and feed system.
¢ The boiler water needs more than chemicals to keep it in good condition.
¢ Regular blow down and supply of distilled water are also essential.
¢ The purpose of feed water treatment is to:
¢ Remove the scaling forming salts.
¢ Make the water alkaline.
¢ Keep dissolved solids to a minimum.
¢ Maintain the boiler water density by blow down.
¢ Feed water should be always distilled water and even though they contain no
scale forming salts it is naturally acidic.
¢ Chemicals are normally added as a dilute solution fed by a proportioning
pump or by injection from pressure pot.
¢ Use of chemicals should be kept to a minimum.
¢ Diethyl hydroxylamine DEHA :
¢ Like hydrazine, provides a passive oxide film ( magnetite) on metal surfaces
to minimise corrosion.
¢ Contributes to pH neutralisation to an extent that separate condensate control
may not be necessary.
¢ Protects entire system-feed water, boiler and condensate.
DEHA-TEST DAILY
NEUTRALIZED CONDUCTIVITY
¢ Switch on the conductivity meter. Place the conductivity cell inside the sample
and then add two drops of phenolphthalein and mix.
¢ If the sample turns pink add gallic acid it neutralizes the sample.
¢ Agitate the cell to remove any trapped air bubbles.
¢ Rotate the conductivity knob until the red and green lights are switched on.
Read the conductivity value.
¢ Remove the cell and record the readings.
CONDENSATE Ph-TEST
PHOSPHATE TEST
SHUTTING DOWN
¢ The EGB water is pumped to the two drums (HP & LP).
¢ It takes suction from the deaerator tank through the EGB feed pumps.
¢ The feed water in order to be heated is passed through the M.E scavenge air
coolers for the HP drums and the LP water is heated by the M.E jacket cooling water.
¢ It is then sent to the two drums.
¢ If there s excess water that is not required by the boiler it will be automatically
by-passed to the drain tank since it's a closed feed system.
¢ The water for the boiler is then taken out from the drums by the HP & LP
circulating pumps.
¢ The saturated steam generated by the boiler is then sent to the various
consumers in the engine room and outside the engine room for the various fuel tanks.
¢ The turbine generator is supplied with superheated steam from the EGB.
¢ The steam leaving the turbine is then sent to the condenser where it is cooled
by sea water.
¢ The vacuum pumps help in maintaining a vacuum condition inside the
condenser.
¢ Create vacuum conditions assisting flow of exhaust steam and also allowing
for low saturation temperature and hence increasing recoverable heat energy from the
steam.
¢ The condensed steam is then taken out from the hotwell using the condensate
pumps.
¢ This is again used as the feed water for the boilers and hence it is a closed feed
system, there s no loss of water.
¢ The remaining condensate from the various consumers is sent to the dump
condenser where they are cooled by the L.T water system.
¢ They are then pumped back to the drain tank via an air driven pump from the
dump tank and is us as feed water.
¢ During normal operation of the boiler some work and check procedures have
to be considered every day.
¢ Check the steam pressure and water level in the drums.
¢ Check that the feed water control system is operational.
¢ Check the boiler water condition and make necessary counter measures with
regard to the feed water and boiler water treatment.
¢ If required blow down drums by means of the scum valve and the bottom
blow down valve.
¢ Check that the circulation pumps are running smoothly without vibration or
noise and check that the flow rate is correct.
¢ Check that the feed pumps are running smoothly without noise or vibration.
¢ It is recommended that the boiler heating surfaces should be cleaned with the
sootblowers at least once a day.
¢ Check and record the exhaust gas inlet and outlet temperatures and also the
differential pressure across the boiler.
¢ An outlet temperature or a pressure loss higher than expected indicates that the
heating surfaces may be fouled and needs to be cleaned.
¢ When starting an exhaust gas boiler from a stand-by condition the following
are to be observed.
¢ Open the feed water valves to the HP drum and LP drum.
¢ Gradually fill the drums until you see the water in the gauge glasses.
¢ The feed valve can then be closed.
¢ The reason for not filling the drums to the normal level is that the water level
will rise considerably as it heats up and may end up too high when normal working
temperatures is reached.
¢ Check whether the feed pumps are running and they are in good condition.
¢ Gradually start admitting the exhaust gas to the boiler, this can be controlled
by the exhaust gas damper.
¢ Rapid heating will cause stress on the components due to different expansion
rates.
¢ Once the boiler is warmed up the damper can be fully closed.
¢ The feed valve can be opened once the boiler is set to normal working
temperatures and then set to automatic operation.
SHUTTING DOWN
¢ The boiler plant is considered as cold when the temperature in the drum is
below 100deg Celsius.
¢ The steam drums are filled to normal stand-by level.
¢ Pressure gauges and transmitter are connected.
¢ Water level gauges are connected.
¢ Level control equipment is engaged and working properly.
¢ One of the feed water pumps is running and the other is in auto stand-by start
mode.
¢ One of the circulating pumps is running and the other is in auto stand-by start
mode for both HP and LP boiler.
¢ Air escape valve on the drums is open.
¢ Steam valve from service steam system is closed.
¢ Main steam valve on superheater outlets and service steam valve on HP drum
is open.
¢ Condensate which may have accumulated in the steam piping and superheater
outlet header should be drained off.
¢ The main engine is started and now the exhaust gas by-pass can be shut at any
time during the process.
¢ The boiler system is heated to working conditions by the exhaust gas.
¢ The water level will rise considerably in the drums as steam starts to evaporate
in the HP and LP boiler.
¢ The level controls will automatically increase the set point to normal working
levels when normal working conditions are reached.
¢ The air escape valve on the drum is manually closed when all air has been
expelled and it should be shut as soon as steam comes out.
¢ The drum is also heated by a heating coil in order to reach working
temperatures for the turbine generator.