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A Design Approach for Vehicle Black Box System Using FPGA Based LIN
Controller
1 Nikhil Wyawahare 2 Milind khanapurkar
1 Research student, ECE Department 2 Professor, Head of Department, ECE Department
G.H. Raisoni college of Engineering G.H.Raisoni College of Engineering
Nagpur, India Nagpur, India
nikhilwvre3@rediffmail.com m_khanapurkar@rediffmail.com
Abstract— a design approach for vehicle Black Box system using now demanded more where vehicle communicate with the
FPGA Based LIN Controller. It is proposed that the system will world, devices with them this will create more opportunity to
consists of monitor as LIN Controller. Which on activation test its develop advanced communication devices which are isn’t smart
run application after authentication it will form packets of
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to tell its status and its internal working pro forma at same time
emergency data depending upon spontaneous situation & risk;
of activation or in the middle of journey. A smart vehicle is
Packets which are generated through LIN Controller namely flows
in all network buses which are connected to LIN master and always look after on its all devices which is sensed every some
Slaves. As on the same time packets are store into the memory time instances decided by the programmer.
which is present in FPGA as a Black Box for vehicle. Stored data Paper is divided into sixth sections; Section 2 narrates
we can retrieve for analysis to see accident cause or any review and discussion related to LIN protocol and design for
emergency situation occurs. Analog to digital conversion is
ES hardware structure. Electronic Control units (ECUs), hardware
required for digital data in along with controller for Black Box. used components
Fully hardware is responsible for sensed data in to memory part of
Black Box and VHDL language is used for coding II. REVIEW & DESIGN
Index Term- LIN – Local Interconnect network, ADC- By the use of LIN protocol a design approach is made of,
Analog to digital convertor, FPGA- Field programmable gate
array, DIP – Dual In Line package. like to stored Speed, temperature, and sound etc. sensor which
is used to detect the physical change in environment
I. INTRODUCTION surrounding to vehicle which is under test. A sensed data is
A new technology tell for future to do fully automated never to be look directly as digital stage. Then there is moral
system may call as good driving experience with driver responsibility to convert it first into digital one. Then and then
comforts and safety. But it is also look after for some action which is assumed to be consider for controlled
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economical standard in today’s world. As expectation from sensed data in. for digital conversion ADC0809CCN is used as
vehicular manufacture, researchers led to design easily successive approximation style of conversion. IC
interlinking with ECU part now are very common. ECU part ADC0809CCN is in DIP package 28 pin. Here pin no 26and 27
required the communication media with intelligent system may are used for input data. When logic 1 to the soc pin; conversion
known as controller mostly the controller having its internal bus process started as action is taken on to the analog sensed data;
mechanism that will help to communicate with each other. Here rate of conversion is fully depend on the pin no 11, 12, 9 these
LIN act as Controller which having one master and we can
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pins are used for threshold value comparison here we kept all of
design system up to 16 salves which are connected to its master these on + 5v (logic 1). And pin no 23, 24, 25 are used for
with link called as bus. LIN is used for controlling between channel selection.
controller and device. The LIN is a serial communication As one more important thing is consider when we are
protocol which efficiently supports the control of mechatronic working with FPGA kit it required + 3.3v supply input data
nodes in distributed automotive applications. Lin bus has Single only. For that we are familiar to use a 3.3v zener diode after
master / multiple slaves (maximum 16) configuration with self data out from ADC controller same for all D0-D7 bit. Digitized
synchronized low cost silicon single wire implementation with
data is stored according to the controller action.
around 20 k bits/ s data transfer rate. Master task is allowed to
A three channel ADC controller is used to select proper
transmit the message header and slave task responds to the
input that is sensor part for vehicle. For our data input we are
header. Because there is no arbitration, to avoid error multiple
slave reception, the slave is specified with application. The considering three different types of sensor. A first sensor is
master checks the Consistency of message and can change used for audio, second for temperature and third last but not
message schedule. To reduce the power consumption of the least speeds. For audio recording a condenser mic is used to
system, a LIN node may be sent to sleep node which has no sense driver conversation, mic gives analog voltage equivalent
internal activity & passive bus driver. A new methodology is to audio after amplifying these voltages by using IC 741 it is
given to pin no 26 of ADC0809CCN.
For temperature measure we used LM 35 which is small in Figure: 2 shows that the data packet thus formed will be
size and give 10mv/°c value output for every sensation. Its transmitted to all the Subsystems via networks in the vehicle.
value is always in analog is required to be convert in to digital The subsystem depending upon the data will operate and will
so after digital conversion its input is given to the pin no 27 of take action. Main action of black box is to store every input
IC0809CCN. which is sensed from device. Here code for memory is totally
Finally for Speed is directly measure from such sensor depend on the memory size for testing purpose we keep as 64
which gives digital pulses for any motion; here motion is taken bytes of value which led to 0 to 15 address line. As we can
from vehicle wheel rotation. For demo purpose we consider as increase the memory size by increasing only address line no.
opto-coupler. Here selection of which channel is now to be thus we are mention that FPGA kit is Xilinx Spartan-3
used is totally depend on the controller code program. As we XC3S200, FT256AF, D1345180A, 4C use by us that having
can manually also check for each sensor for that just we have to standard memory size 256 kb. So we are working on that
do a contact of input to pin no 26 and 27 respectively to IC support only.
0809CCN manually at one time one in put only. In Reference [5] Temperature measurement a use of LM
Complete hardware is going to be run on the power supply 35 Transistor. Figure 3 also shows that single connector wire
of +9v battery. A most of IC are run on the + 5v supply. Then L with bug connector, ribbon wire is connected for Connection.
7805 IC is used to convert as desired value for operation. Again + 9v battery system for power driven to whole circuit design
we are coming for FPGA section as digital input is given which is much more economy.
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separately to FPGA input configured port. So we used single
bug connector. Before every bug point zener diode is active to
3.3 values.
Clk
Rd_n
Cs_n
We_n
LIN
Reg.
block
Control
ES Bit
Timing
Logic
Controller
Ad module
FSM
Di Bit
D0 Stream
Data Process Figure: 3 Actual hardware for Block Box System
Buffer or
Int
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Figure: 3 shows that actual hardware for the ADC
controller and sensors like for Temperature measurement LM
Figure: 1. LIN module 35 Transistor, for Audio recording; Condenser mic with
Figure: 1 shows block schematic of typical LIN module. amplifier circuit. And also we can sense Speed by using Opto-
coupler. All these connection are made with A1 Expansion Slot
with FPGA board.
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Message Frame:
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connected in the network on emergency situation data reception Figure: 6 Data input wave form for ADC Controller
can take the appropriate action. The data will also get registered
or stored in the Black Box within the system for making the Figure: 6 shows that data in wave form for the ADC
further analysis of emergency situations. Controller; this data is in 8 bit format same window is also
shows the status for soc =1 pin no 6 & 22 after that actual
conversion is started as soon as the data is force into the
V. SIMULATION RESULTS ES respective memory, i.e. audio is stored in audio memory block.
And Temperature is store in the Temperature memory block
which is shown in to next diagram. As after the full conversion
of 8-bit data through ADC controller got eoc =1 is to pin no 7.
This will force the final data into the memory block.
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Figure :7 audio data stored in audio memory block
Figure: 5 Code Compilation Windows
Figure: 7 shows that analog audio signal is successfully
Figure: 5 show that VHDL code compilation window for converted by ADC controller and by channel slection respective
the ADC Controller, Black box (LIN Controller), with memory audio data which is now in digitised form is forced into
code. repective audio memory.
VI. CONCLUSION
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Interconnect Network (LIN) in master/slave configuration”
Figure: 8 show that similarly temperature data in analog International Conference ACVIT -07, November 28 to 30, 2007
is being converted into digital first and then it is forced in to the [2] Milind Khanapurkar, Dr Preeti Bajaj, Dakshata Gharode “A
temperature memory. design approach for intelligent vehicle black box system with
Intra-vehicular communication using LIN /FLEXRAY
protocol”
ES ICIT 2008 International conference on Industrial technology,
Chengdu, China. April 21 to 24.
[3] Dakshata Gharode, Milind khanapurkar, Dr Preeti Bajaj
“Design approach for local interconnect network (LIN) in
master slave Configuration.” ETCC, Hamirpur. .July 27 to 28,
2007.
[4] A Shrinath a Emadi, “Electrical control units for automotive
electrical power system: communication and networks”.
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International journal of automobile engineering proc of the
institution of mechanical Engineers .vol 218, partD, pp 217-
Figure: 9 RTL View for Black box (LIN Controller) 230, 2004, U.K.
Figure: 9 shows that RTL view for Black box system,
data_in (7:0), clk, eoc are the 3-inputs. and channel (1:0), and [5] LIN general specification
memory_data (7:0), soc are the 3-outputs. http://www.lin-subbus.org/
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