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PR E F A C E
T H E i m p o rt an c e Of the rOl e p l ay e d by I m a g i n a t i o n i n
t he h i g h e r b ra n ch es o f m e n t a l a c t i v i t y h a s be e n l o n g
ad m i t te d b t h e l e a r ne d Si r B e nj a m i n B ro d i e s p e a k i n g
y .
,
a t t h e B r i ti s h A s soc i a t i o n i n 1 8 5 9 a l l u d e d t o t h e I m
,
ag i n a t i o n a s
“
t h a t w o n d e r fu l fa c u l t y — t h e so u rc e o f
p o e t i c ge n i u s —th e i n s t r u m e n t O f d i s co ve ry i n Sci e n c e
w i t h o u t w h i c h N e w to n w o u l d n e v e r h a v e i n v e n t e d
fl u x i o n s n o r D a v y d e co m p o s e d t h e e a r t h s a n d a l k a l i e s
, ,
n o r w o u l d C ol u m b u s h a v e fo u n d a n o t h e r co n t i n e n t
”
.
Po p u l a r o p i n i o n d oe s n o t i n c l i n e t o r e g a r d i m a g i n a
t i o n a s a v e ry i m p or ta n t fa c u l t y fo r a l l Th e i m ag i n a t i v e
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p e r s o n i s u s u a l l y re g a r d e d a s a v i s io n a ry Po e ts p a i n t e r s
.
, ,
—
ro m a n c e r s ch i l d r e n t h e s e a re s u pp os e d t o r e p r e s e n t
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t h e i m ag i n a t i v e s. Pe o p l e e n j o y t h e i r w o r k s m o r e o r
l e s s a n d i n d u l ge t h e m i n th e i r fa n c i e s a s ch i l d r e n Bu t .
t h e y a re a p t t o r e ga r d i m a g i n a t i o n a s a k i n d O f we a k
ne ss i n p ra c t i c a l m e n .
A n d y e t n ot h i n g j u s ti fi e s u s i n p r e sc ri b i n g i m a g i n a t i o n
t o a fe w occu p a t i o n s a n d p e r s o n s . I t i s t h e cr e a t i v e
po we r O f t h e m i n d w h i c h g i v e s l i fe t o a l l w o r k Th e .
d i sc o v e ri e s O f s ci e n c e a n d t h e c re a t i o n s Of a rt r e p r e s e n t
, ,
c rt i
e a n f o r m s o f i t s a c ti i t y
v — for m s w h i c h a t t r a c t a n d
c o m p e l a t t e n ti o n Bu t i t i s a s r e as o n a b l e t o s ay t h a t
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t h e r e i s l i gh t o n l y o n t h e s u m m i t s O f h i l l s as t o s ay t h a t
t h e r e i s cr e a t i v e p o we r o n l y i n t h e m i n d s O f a rt i s t s a n d
s c i e n t i s ts
. Th e r e i s l i g h t i n d u n g e o n s a n d c a v e s i n ,
x . Pr efa ce
wo r k s h o p s a nd The b r a i n O f e ve ry m a n a nd
fie lds .
c hi l d i s a k i n d o f wo rl d i n w h i c h v a ri o u s d e g ree s o f
c re a t i ve e n e rg y a re r e p re s e n t e d D a y d rea m i ng r e ve ri e .
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, ,
h a l l u ci n a t i o n s e tc a re a bo rt i ve fo r m s o f i m ag i n a
. .
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t io n . A l l o u r v ag u e h o pe s o u r sh a d o w y sc h e me s .
re p r e s e n t a s i t w e re t he t w i l i gh t Of cr ea ti v e e n e rgy .
I n n o m i n d s ave t h a t Of th e l o we s t t y p e O f i d io t i s s uc h
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o b sc u re a c ti v i ty l o n g a b s e n t B u t w i t h ev e ry co n sc io u s
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e ffo r t a n d d e si re th e m i n d ri s e s i n to a fu l l e r l ig h t
,
In
t h e d a y s o f c r a fts m an sh i p a nd h a n d l a bo u r pe o p l e ros e a t
o n c e i n to t h e u ppe r s u n s h i ne i n w or ki n g T o d ay t h e ,
.
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h a n d s o f t he fa c t o ry e n g a g e d i n m e c h a n i ca l l a b o u r
”
,
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l i v e i n a st a t e O f s u pp r e s sio n t h e l a m p o f t h e so u l
“ ”
l i t e r a l l y p u t o u t A n d y e t n e ve r be fo re i n t he h i s to ry
—
.
Of t h e ra ce d i d t h e c re t i ve fa c u l t y a l wa y s s u p re m e l y
a
a c t i v e i n t h e fi e l d o f i n d u s t ri a l a n d p r a c ti c a l l i fe — fi n d
fu l l e r e m bo d i m e n t t h a n i t d oe s t o d a y i n t h e w or k a d ay - -
w orl d . Th e worl d Of p ri m a l n e e d s a nd d e s i re s a n d
l a bo u r wa s a l wa y s t h e g re a t wo rl d o f I m ag i na t io n .
Su c h i t r e m a i n s a n d w i l l e ve r r e m a i n W e m ay fee l .
c e rt a i n t h a t i f we co u l d m e a s u re t h e a m o u n t O f i m a g i na
t i o n w h i ch i s n o w co n s e c ra t e d y e a rl y t o t h e i m p ro ve
m e n t o f m e c h a n i c a l a n d i n d u s t ri a l a pp l i a n c e s we s h o u l d ,
fi n d i t t o b e m uch g r e a t e r t h a n i s t he a m o u n t t h a t i s
,
co n se c ra t e d d u ri n g t h e s a m e pe rio d to a l l t he fi ne a rts .
M o re o ve r t h e dem a n d fo r a rt i z a n s po sse s si ng t h i s
q u a l i fi ca ti o n o f i m a gi n a t io n i s i n c rea s i n g a n d be co m i n g ,
ac u te . SO a c u t e t h a t n o t o n l y p u b l i c r e p re se n t a t i ve s
a c k n o w l e d g e i t b u t t h e l e a r ne d m e n Of t h e n a t io n fee l
,
i t t h e i r d u t y t o s pe a k o f i t A t t h e l a s t m e e t i ng o f
.
t he B ri t i sh A ssoci a t io n re fe re n c e was a g a i n m ad e
,
t o t h e I m ag i n a ti o n — n o t as t h e g i ft o f t h e sc i e n t i s t
‘
a l o n e —b u t as t he fa c u l ty w h o s e po we r a n d e x e r
ci se v i v i fi e s a n d pe rv a d e s a l l t h e fi e l d s O f h u m a n
l a b ou r a n d pa rt icu l a rl y t h e i n d u s t ri a l w o rl d
, Pro .
fe s so r D e wa r i n a n i n t e re st i n g s pe e c h d e c l a r ed t h a t
,
t h e fa i l u r e O f e l e m e n t a ry e d u c a t io n u p to t h e p r e s e n t ,
w a s a fa i l u re to d e ve l o p a n d t r a i n t h e i m ag i n a t i o n O f t h e
Pr eface xi .
c h i l d re n o f t h e m a ss e s Th e l e a rn i n g O f fa c ts a n d o f
.
fo r m a l a rt s t h e t r a i n i n g o f th e v e r b a l m e m o ry t h e
, ,
d i sci p l i n e o f t he c l a s s ro o m a nd sc h o ol m ay be go od
t h i n gs i n t h e i r wa y B u t w h e n t he y o u th O f t he cou n t ry
.
h a ve l e ft t h e sch ool ro o m w h e n t h e y a re o u t i n t h e o p e n
-
,
O f i n d u st ri a l l i fe co m pe t i n g w i t h e d u c a t e d wo r k m e n O f
,
ot h e r l a n d s m e ch a n ic a l t ra i n i n g a n d fo rm a l a t t a i n m en ts
,
w i l l n o t c a r ry th e m fa r ! a n d to b u s i n e ss m e n t h i s i s a l re a d y
a p p a re n t . I t i s t h e y w h o co m p l a i n m o s t b i t t e rl y O f t he
re s u l ts O f m e ch a n i c a l s y s t e m s O n e v e ry h an d th e re i s
.
a no t e O f u n re s t a nd d i sq u i e t A u t h o ri t i e s a re e x .
e rc i se d o n t h e q u e st i o n O f t e c h n i c a l e d u c a t io n a n d t h e ,
a d v i s i bi l i ty O f o pe n i n g sc h oo l s Of r e s e a rc h A ne w .
—
or d e r o f w o r k m e n n o t t he m e r e s k i l l e d w o r k m a n
bu t o ne wh o m ay p o ss e ss s k i l l b u t s h o u l d a l so p osse ss
e n t e r p ri s e , i n si g h t i n i t i a t i v e i n a wo r d i m ag i n a ti on i s
, , ,
i n de m a nd . R o u t i n e m e t h o d s u n re a so n i n g fi d e l i t y t o
,
m e re u s e a n d wo n t a re n o l o nge r r e g a r d e d a s m a r k s O f
,
s u pe ri o ri t y e ve n i n t h e p ros a i c wa l k s o f l i fe .
B u t i f I m a g i n a t io n p l a y s s u c h a n i m p o rt a n t p a rt i n
e v e ry s p h ere Of l i fe i t c a n h a r d l y be wi se t o i g n o r e i t i n
,
t h e e l e m e n t a ry sch oo l T h ou g h v e ry fe w st u d i e s h a ve y e t
.
be e n m a d e o n I m a g i n a t io n i n ch i l d re n st i l l i t i s v e ry ,
g e n e r a l l y a d m i t t e d t h a t t h i s fa c u l t y i s co n s p i c u o u sl y
p re s e n t i n t he y o u n g I t i s co n s p i c u o u s — p ro ba bl y o n l y
.
be ca u s e i t i s p re coc iou s I t t a k e s t h e l ea d O f R ea so n
.
,
a nd s o s u g ge s ts i n i t s fi rs t d e v e l o p m e n t t h a t d i vo rc e
fr o m rea l i ty w h i ch m a n y p e rs i s t i n re g a r d i ng a s t h e
,
e ss e n t i a l n a t u r e O f I m ag i n a t i o n Th e c h i l d s I m a g i n a
’
.
t io n i s a l l i e d t o t h a t Of t h e p ri m i t i ve m a n a n d e v e n i n ,
a l e ss d e g r e e t o t h a t o f t h e m ad m a n H e b e co m e s
.
re a d i l y t h e d u pe O f h i s o w n s u g ge s t i o n s A n d y e t i t i s .
t h r o u g h t h e I m agi n a t io n t h a t t h e R e a so n be gi n s t o
d e cl a r e i ts e l f a nd fi n a l l y t o a ppe a r a s a k i n d o f ri v a l
,
fa c u l t y d i s p u t i n g t h e so ve re i g n t y O f t h e fi rs t co m e r
. .
Th e c h i l d b e g i n s b y se e i n g fa n t a st ic re se m b l a n c e w h i c h ,
i s t h e fi rs t s te p to wa rd s t h e pe rc e p t io n o f r e a l r e se m
—
bl a n ce s th a t i s t o s a y t o r e a s o n i n g b y a n a l o g y M o re .
x ii .
o ve r ,
a ry O ft e n fo r th e y o u ng ch i l d a k i nd o f
ta l e is ve
a n s we r t o a p re ss i ng q u e s t io n Th e l e g e n d s a n d m y t h s .
o f p ri m i t i ve r a ce s a re n o t a m e re a e s t h et i c c re a t io n o f
t h e I m ag i n a i n t o — t h e y a re a l so a n e ffo rt to e x p l a i n t h e
o r i gi n o f t h i n g s T h e i r m a k e rs w e re n o t c a p a b l e O f s e e i ng
.
—
o bj e ct i v e a n a l og i e s b u t t h e y sa w s u bj e c t i ve a n a l og i e s .
T h ey h a d a l og i c o f i m a g e s i f n o t O f i d ea s M an k i n d , .
c an n o t w a i t t h ro u g h l o n g a ge s fo r fu l l a n d cl e a r a n s w e r s
to u r g e n t q u e s t i o n s A n d w h e re h e c a n no t fi n d he
.
c re a t e s I n s u c h c r e a t io n t h e g e r m o f re a so n a ppe a rs
. .
“
B e t wee n c ne a t i ve i m a gi n a t io n a nd r a t i o na l re se a rc h
t h e r e is a co m m u i t y O f
n n a t r
u e — e a ch p re s u ppo se s t h e -
fa c u l t y fo r s e i z i n g re s e m b l a n c e s T h u s I m a g i n a ti on i s
”
. .
a t o n c e t h e s u b s t i t u t e a nd t h e fo re ru n n e r O f R e a so n -
.
Th e c h i l d m i n d d e v e l o p s th e n m a i n l y t h ro u g h t h e
-
fr e e a ct i v i t y O f I m a g i n a t io n TO s u pp re s s o r i g n o r e t h i s
.
fa c u l t y a t t h a t p e ri o d m e a n s th e s u p p re ss i o n O f a l l
t he fa c ul t i e s — l ate n t as we l l a s d e v e l o pe d F re e d o m
—
.
O f i ve n t i o
n n a n d c re o n i i ts fr e e s t fo r m i n p l a y
a t i n ,
t a l e s e t c m u s t be s e c u re d a t t h e s a c r i fi c e i f n e ce ss a ry
, .
,
o f a l l fo r m a l a rts a n d t r a i n i n A d t i t i s t t b e
g n y e n o o
.
fo rgo t t e n t h a t t h e c h i l d s m i n d a s co m p a r e d w i t h t h a t O f
’
t h e a d u l t i s t he s l a v e O f i ts o w n a ffi r m a t io n s a n d t h a t
, ,
t h i s s l a v e ry i s a k i n d Of m ad ne ss Th e i m a g i na t io n O f t h e .
s a v a g e i s a t e m po ra ry m a d ne ss T h a t O f t h e c h i l d
—
.
t h ou g h m o re s u bj e c t t o corre c t i o n i s i n e ss e n t i al r e s pe c ts
a l l ie d to i t I f l e ft to r a m bl e u n co n tr o l l e d i t l ea d s i n t o
.
t h e l a n d Of m i s ts a n d sh a d o w s I t i s t h e a i m Of e d u ca t io n
.
n o t t o d e st ro y b u t t o d i re ct A nd t o t h i s e n d a l l th e
— —
.
a rts b u t e s p e c i l l y t h e p l st i c r s a ppe ar t o be t h e
a a a t
i de al m eans H e rb a rt h as p l a c e d D r a w i ng b e t w ee n t h e
.
sci e n c e s a nd h u m a n i t i e s as t h e co nn e ct i n g s u bj e c t A n d .
e v e ry t h i n g p oi n t s t o i t as t he g r e a t s u bj e c t t h ro u g h
t h e s t u d y o f w h i c h t h e pe rc e p t io n i s t r a i n e d an d t h e ,
m i n d i m a ge s re n d e re d c l e a r a n d w o r k a b l e I n s h o rt .
,
D ra w i n g t a u g h t w i t h t h e v i e w o f p re p a ri n g t h e m i n d
,
fo r t h e re c e p t io n o f i d ea s i s n o t si m p l y a s u bj e c t o f
g e n e r a l e d u ca t i o n I t i s a m ea ns o f ge n e r a l e d u c a ti o n
. .
x iii .
N o t wi t h a v i e w to m u l t i p l y i n g th e nu mbe r o f p a i n t e rs
a nd s k e tc h e rs
—b u t wi t h a n e n ti re l y ne w ai m a n d p u r
po s e m u s t we n o w co n s i d e r i t
The sa m e m ay be s a i d o f m u s i c an d o t h e r a rts F o r
'
t h e g r e a t m a s s o f ch i l d r en t h e y a re n o t g o a l s i n t h e m
s e l ve s , t h e y ar e m e an s t o a n e nd .A n d t h e y a re
i n d i s p e n s a b l e m e a n s d u ri n g t h e t i m e w h e n h u m a n
be i ng s are c o n fi ne d t o t h e wo rl d O f se n sa t i o n a n d
i m a g e ry . I n s t i n c t d r a ws t he c h i l d to wa r d s a rt .
V a ri o u s a s h u m a n b e i n g s a re , nea rl y a ll p l ay i n c h i l d
h oo d n e a rl y a l l e x p r e ss t h e m s e l v e s to o i n r u d e d r a w i ng s ,
—
,
o r m o d e l s , ne a rl y
- a l l l o v rh y t h
e m t h a t i s to s ay a ll
c h oo se t h e fre e fo rm s o f a r t s a s m e a n s o f g ro w t h a n d
e x p re s si o n . A n d t hi s pe ri o d o f l i fe a n d i ts a c t i v i t i e s i s
not to be co n si d e re d u n i m p o rt a n t , be c a u s e v e ry s oo n
p l a y th i ngs a re ca s t a si d e , a n d D ra wi n g a n d D ra m a l o se
t h e i r ch a r m Th e e d u ca t i o n r e c e i v e d i n t h e e a rl y pe ri o d
.
,
i f so u n d a nd l i be ra l m u s t be fru i t fu l i n t he n e x t T r ue
.
,
t h e I m ag i n a t i o n m ay an d p ro b a b l y w il l d e v i a t e .I t wi l l
be g i n a ft e r a t i m e to fi n d i ts m a t e ri a l s n o l o n ge r
pe rh a p s i n fo rm s c o l o u rs , w o r d s m o ve m e n t s b u t i n
, , ,
t he wo rl d o f n a t u ra l fo rc e s O f m e c h an i cs o f c o m m e rc e O f
, , ,
s c i e n ce a n d h u m an r e l a ti o n sh i p
,
. O n l y a s m a l l p ro po r
t i o n w i l l c o n ti n u e t o o ccu p y t h e m se l ve s d u ri n g t h e w h ol e
o f l i fe wi t h t h e fo r m s O f c r ea t i v e a c ti v i t y fa vo u r e d d u ri ng
c h i l d h o o d a nd y o u t h . B u t t h i s d oe s n o t m i n i m i z e t he
i m po rt a n c e o f t h e e a rl y t r a i n i n g .
e ve ry c h i l d m u s t g i ve a g r e a t d ea l o f t r o u b l e Th e
—
.
y o u ng c h i l d i s t ro u b l e s o m e u n l e ss h e be a n i d i o t At .
n o pe ri o d i s t h e a r d o u r fo r p h y si c al i n ve s t ig a t io n a n d
a c t i v i t y s o k e e n as be t we e n t h e ag e o f t wo a n d fo u r This.
i s v e ry we l l fro m a n e d u c a t i o na l p o i n t o f v i e w . Ph y sic a l
i n ve s ti ga t i o n , a cc o r d i ng t o Si r B e nj a m i n B r od i e , m o re
t h an an y t h i n g e l se t e a ch e s t he va l u e a n d u se O f t h e I m
a g i na t i o n
. N e v e r th e l e ss t h e i n ve s t i g a to r o f th r ee o r e ve n
o f s e v e n y e a rs Ol d i s t rou b l e s o m e i n a cl a ss . W h e n he
b eg i n s t o d raw o n e ve ry s u rfa c e h e i s s t i l l m o re d i ffi c u l t
to d eal w i t h . I n d ee d as cl a s s e s we re fo r m ed t ea ch e rs a nd
, ,
a d m i n i s t r a to rs fou nd h i m i m po ss i b l e . The p r o b l e m O f
t e a ch i n g l a rg e c l a ss e s Of ch i l d r e n o f a ny age fro m t h re e
t o fi ft e e n i s q u i c k l y sol v e d o n l y i f o n e c a n!l e a v e t h e i n
d i vi d u a l I m a g i n a t i o n o u t o f a cco u n t a l to ge t h e r Th e .
t e m p t a t i o n t o a cc e p t a fa l s e i d ea l h as be e n g r e a t . If
m a n y h a v e y i e l d e d to i t a l m os t u n co n sci o u s l y fe w c an
o
w n e d r — a n d pe rh a p s fe we r s ti l l c a n b l a m e .
N e v e rt h e l e ss t h e t i m e i s ri pe n o w fo r a s t u d y O f
e d u c a t io n t h ro u g h t h e I m a g i n a ti o n an d o f t h e r ol e
,
p l a y e d b y t h e c rea t i ve fa cu l t y i n m e n t a l l i fe d u ri n g t h e
fi rst fo u rt ee n o r fi ft ee n y e a rs Th e p re se n t boo k re p re
.
s e n t s a v e ry te n t a t i ve e ffo rt t o a pp l y so m e O f t h e t ea c h
i n gs O f m o d e r n ps y ch o l o g y i n a re s t ri ct e d fi e l d t o t he
, ,
c u rricu l u m o f t h e o r d i n ar y e l e m en t a r y s ch oo l s a s a t
p re s e n t co n s t i t u te d.
R e fe r e n c e i s O ft e n m ad e i n th e co u r s e O f t h e fo l l o w i ng
pa ge s to ch i l d re n O f t h e po o re s t cl a ss N e e d l e s s t o s ay
.
i t i s n o t t h i s cl a ss a l o ne t h a t i s u n d er co n si d e ra ti o n .
j u st a s t h e d e fe c t i v e a n d fe e b l e m i n d e d h a ve fu r n i sh e d
-
t e l l i ng i l l u st ra t i o n s O f t h e m o re O b sc u re t e a c h i n gs o f t he
n e u r ol o g i s t s o t h e ch i l d re n o f p o ve rt y i l l u s t ra te t h ro u g h
,
t h e i r m i s fort u ne s a nd w ea kn e s s t he e v i l o r g oo d i n .
va ri ou s m e t h o d s .
M a y i t be c o m e t h e a i m o f t he na t i o n t o m a k e s u c h
s o r ro wfu l i l l u s t ra t i o n i m p o ss i b l e
.
C O N TE N TS
CH AP PA GE
I . TH E U
T HE CHILD A S ART I S T
T HE CHILD AS A R TI ZAN
I MAG INAT I O N IN T HE CO MM ERCIAL S CH OO L
I M AG INAT I O N IN T HE S CIENCE R OO M
I M AG INAT I O N AN D MO RA L T RAININ G
CO NCL U S I O N
C H A PTER I
n u: U NC H AN G IN G PRO BLEM
IN o ne of h is books o n Ed uc a tio n Cou n t Tolstoi dw e lls a t
,
h e i s se v e n
”
cri e d th e pri ests O f form e r ce nturi e s a nd you
,
“
,
c a n do a s yo u pl eas e w i t h h i m
”
( com p a r a tiv e ly
) a ft e rw a rds .
or wo rs e l
B ut wh a t is th e n a tu re O f t h e ch a ng e wh ich a l l sta te sm e n ,
t e nd to m a k e us e x a m i n e v e ry clos e ly o r ex h a u s t iv e ly i ts tru e
m ea ning N ow th e re a re c e rt a i n words th a t ma y v e ry w e ll
.
a d a y symbols
- W e a l l u s e th e word w a te r signi fyi ng i n so
.
“ ”
,
m e a n a g re a t d e a l mo re th a n t his w h e n t h e y t h in k O f w a t e r
”
h ow . O l s e n o f D e n m a rk fo u nd th a t o f t h e p ublic school
, ,
T/ze U ”wa ggi ng Pr oblem 3
chi ldr e n 1 0 0 pe r c e nt o f th e boys a nd 1 0 0 pe r ce nt O f th e
. .
“ ”
gi rls h a d a good wo rkin g co n te n t fo r th e wor d b a ll o n ly ,
”
th e word
“
de w . Th e re a re prob a bly fe w grown u p pe rsons -
”
who h a v e n o t a good working cont e n t fo r th e words mo ne y ,
” ” “ ” ”
tra d e
,
“
bre ad ,
w a te r i nte re st
,
wh il e th e wo rk i n g
,
“
co n te nt of e v e n the a v e ra ge politici a n fo r th e word ed uca
”
tio n i s n ot th a t h e ld b y F roc he l H e rb a rt Spe nce r o r e v en
'
, , ,
r e pre se nt.
a n d e ld e r broth e rs a l l wo rk a t t h e fa c t o ry a n d whos e o wn li fe
,
4 Pr oble m .
ch i l dre n so m e h a v e n e v e r se e n a ra il w a y tra i n A nd Of th e
, .
i ta l i n i r on
tap .
Th e more c e ntra l a nd
d e spotic t h e gov e rn m e nt th e l e ss d oe s
it ta k e a ccount ge n e ra lly s pea ki ng o f t h e se di ffe re nce s o f
, ,
ful as pe c ts of m e nt a l po v erty wh e n th e s e p re se nt e d th em se lv es
a s stu mbli n g blo c ks i n t h e ir wa y
-
G iv e u p a l l those foolish
.
th e H igh l a nd e rs ! th e y a re r e mn a n t s of su pe rstition a nd
b a rb a rism or worse a nd t h e folk lo re a n d cus t oms t h a t w e re
-
R s m ust b e l ea rn e d sa id th e s t a t e sm a n a nd cl e ric a nd so we
’ ”
, ,
”
ch ild is (to quot e Vi rchow ) a spi na l cre a ture pu re a nd
“
ne w e fforts an d a chi e v e m e n ts .
“
Th e conte n t s of th e soul sa ys La ng e
”
,
a sse rt th e m se lv e s ,
fe rn ca ll e d i t a po t o f gr e e n fe a th e rs a n d a youn ge r ch ild o n
“
,
a t t h e pr es e n ts a n d or nam en ts i n th e b ra n ch e s a nd c a l l e d th e m
“ ”
bi rds I I n o n e o f h is books D a ud e t t e lls u s o f a li ttl e wood
sa v ag e r e a red i n a ch a rcoa l bu rne r s ca bin wh o m a d e coll e ctio ns
'
o f m isc e ll a n e o us —
booty birds mol e s b e e troot pota toe s
, , , , .
A ll th e s e th i ngs w e r e re pre s e nt e d i n h is m i n d by th e v a g u e
t e rm d e nra i e
“ ”
. H is l i t tl e h ea d full of the rustlin g sw a rmin g
“
I f we e xa m in e wh a t is goi ng o n i n us wh e n we a bs t ract o n e
ge n e ra l id ea from a s u m o f se ns at ions an d pe rc e p t ions we fi n d
only a t e nd e n cy wh ich provok e s e x pre ss i on Th e e xp re ssion s
,
.
m a y v a ry wi t h th e t e m p e r am e n t a nd d e v e lopm e nt Th e a rt ist .
ac t s wh a t h e fe e ls — Th e du m b gi ve u s s t ra ng e il lustra t ions of
pri mi t ive e xpre ssion Bu t usu ally th e t e nd e ncy to e xp re ssion
.
a bbr e vi a t e d re l ic o f a pri m i t iv e d ra m a
”
Prop e rly spe aki ng
—
.
W e h a v e n o g e n e ra l id ea s W e ha ve t e nd e nci e s to n a m e a nd
.
T/ w U ser/ra ng i ng Pr oble m 7
“
na mes . A n a m e wh ich we u nd e rs ta nd is a na m e l i n k e d to
a l l th e individ u a l thi ngs wh ich we c an i m agi n e o r p e rc e i ve of ,
which we c a nn ot h av e I t ta k e s th e pl ac e of t his e xp e r i e n c e
. .
I t is i ts e qu ival e nt .
e xp er i e nc e a n d se i z e th e ord e r: a nd i n te rn a l s t ructu re of t h e
o u r mi n d as i t i s con s t i t u t e d
”
.
“
I f we ca n no t t ra nsc e nd e xp e ri e nc e sa i d Tynd a ll
”
,
“
we ,
e n a bl e us t o d e al wi t h t h e m i n qui t e a n e w wa y W h e n you
“
.
con sis t s i n t h is th a t i n ti m e th e pu pi l is a bl e to d o wi th ou t
t h e se rv nt
a — to do wi t hou t th e jou rney e ve n .
” “
sai d o n e you ng ch ild “
,is a thi ng for m e to swi m i n A .
d ay c ri e d a no t h e r
”
,
“
, i s a th i ng for m e t o p la y in A nd if .
q u e s ti on e d ve ry cl os e ly a bou t th e i r fe e l i ngs to th e p er so ns
,
th a n this “
.I lov e th e m be ca us e th e y are good to m e ”
Bu t .
of m e n h e h as ne v e r se e n an d t h at do no t t ouch e v e n i n d ire ct ly
, ,
th e be i ng who is to r e c e i v e th e t e a ch i n g is to los e ti m e an d
,
pai ns .
“
Nor m u st we sa y Be ca use th is ch i ld is poor h e m ust
,
. a s a
p oo r e e e a e
c e rta i n o rd e rs of e x p e ri e nc e .
t h e pl ac e o f e xp e ri e n c e Th e s e b e co m e c l ear e r w i t h e d uc a
.
O
t ion W i t h e duca tion to o t h e y b ec om e more m anage abl e
.
, ,
a nd subj e c t t o th e wi l l Th e y m a y be s h ift e d se l e c t ed
.
, ,
i t se l f is i n the way .
Ed uc at ion t h e n an d e v e n h u m an p rogress i ts e l f i s l a rg e ly
, ,
B u t i f we k ne w wh a t h e h as i n i t i at e d an d i n wh at d e g re e a n d ,
m a n n e r h e c a n cr ea te a n d d iscov e r an d a d a p t th e n a l l , ,
is t old .
o lT P fo r a fa ll ing o ff i t is
-
N o o ne ca n gl anc e a t t h e
.
word ”
— . B u nya n s h e l l was more rea l is t ic t h a n D a nt e s And
’ ’
.
F o r y ea rs it h as s ee m e d as i f E ng l an d sa i d to h e r a rt i za n s ,
po ssi bl e ”
. B u t t h a t hou r h as pass e d Thos e w ords wi l l be .
be mo re t h a n m a c h i n e ry O n ly t he o l d spi ri t l i nge rs i n th e
.
—
school wh ich is a lw ays w e l l be h ind t h e soci a l and i ndus t ri al
m ov e m e n t M a ny a chi ld s t i l l p ass e s th rough h i s sch ool
.
W e a re w a rn e d how e v e r t h a t i t i s t i m e t o a void m e ch a n ic a l
m et h ods i n schools Ot h e rwise t h e gre a t re sul t s o f e d uc a
.
M i nd i m a ge s or m e m ori e s a re th e re p re se nt a tio n i n us o f
,
i m a ge s ) of a l l id e a s a nd conce pti o ns .
Th e y a re t he m a t e ri a l B ut how a re th e y u se d ? By wh a t
.
I
m a n y fa ctors W e pre su pp o se t he e xi st e nc e of se ns a tions of
.
-
,
t h e i n stinc t iv e m ov e m e n t s a re t h e m a t e ri a l o f high e r mo ve
,
to th e Will .
be N a po l e on who i m a gi n e s a pl a n of c a m pa ign o r a ki t ch e n
m a id who t h i nks of a ne w dish Fin a lly th e re is a n a na logy
.
,
-
i t is no t e m bod i ed i n e xt e rna l a ctio n R e v e ri es co rre spon d
.
14 7 368 U n a/ra ngi ng Pr oble m
more o r l ss s to i rre sol ution E m u /ref s a re t he i m po t e n t
“
m e m b e rs of t he c re a ti v e wo rld .
a pp e a rs ,
li k e a ri ve r flowing und e rgro und for a wh il e b ut
e m e rging a g a in i n t o t h e light Th e wi ld dre a ms a nd fa n tas i e s
.
o f G od ,
a s of O di n ,
i n a st ri ng of short pa ssion a t e i m a g e s :
“
Th e y do not spe a k wri t e s T a i ne o f th e m
”
,
“
th e y sing or , ,
”
a growl . Th e re is no a rt no na tu ra l t a l e n t fo r d e scribing i n
,
o rd e r t h e di ffe re nt p a rt s of a n e v e n t or a n obj e ct Th e ba r .
a nd d ea t h o f ev e ry G e rm a n K a is e r from Ch ar l e s th e G re a t
a s w e ll a s o f m a ny po e t s a n d ph ilosoph e rs Th e re wa s n o .
o wn pow e rs .
I t i s i n th is wa y (t hrough e x er cis e ) th a t t h e m e nt a l a s w e l l
a s th e physic a l pow e rs d e v e lop Children a nd i nd ee d a l l.
,
probl e m i n m a th e m a tics “
Wi th i n th e l i m its of th e gym
.
n as i u m
”
,
wri te s M rs B ool e e ve ry posi t ion is pe rm itte d a nd
“
.
,
ord e rly i n cl a ss ”
So i t s l u m/d be m en ta l /v
. Ev e ry m e nt a l .
tion -
th a t is by e vol ving i t s o wn l a ws from with i n I f t his is .
a n d n e r v e s wi t h ou t a n y fu ll o r tru e m e n ta l a c t ion
, I f yo u .
shou ld m a k e hi m d o h is su ms a lw a ys o ne wa y a n d / b r bi d Mm
to ex per i me n t on a ny day q/ l ire yea r I f o n t he co ntra ry you .
, ,
— —
Th e g re a t ge n ius such as M oz rt p e rsis t e d i n t aki ng h i s
a
you ng m in d i n i ts m os t i m po rt an t mom e n t s An d ye t it is .
a nd occu pa tio n s r e s t h i m i n th e i n t e rv a ls o f m a nu a l t ra in i ng ,
or g eom e tr y .
i ng wh e re t h e cr e a t iv e facul t y is a llow e d to r e m a i n do rm a n t
,
.
I n dr winga i n ,a a n ,a h
ri th m tic i n l gu ge s t e m o m e n t o f i n tegra t
e ,
~
hi s o wn m e m o ry .
—
gro un d th e re is a grea t d e a l of su rv e i ll a n c e too i n th e cl ass
room . I n n e i t h e r pl a ce is an y ve ry s e rious e ffo rt m a d e t o
d e v e lop v e ry compl e t e ly th e h igh e s t powe r of t he hu m an
m in d So me o f th e ca use s o f thi s ne gl e c t are d e e p roo t e d a n d
.
-
r ul e s a n d surv e il la nc e Th e si t u ation i s i n so m e re sp ec t s a
.
t h e l in e o f th e l e a st r e sis t a nc e .
. pow r e o f th e m o ra l l ife is W i l l T h e m o t i v e po we r o f t he
.
i n t e ll e c t u a l wo rld is I m ag i n ati o n l n vi rt u e o f h is po we r to
.
2
8 U n clza ngz ng
’
1 Pr oble m
i m agi n e or c t through m en tal i m age s m an se es th e pa st
re - re a e , ,
fo re ca s t s th e fu tu re a n d ha s m a d e wh a t e v e r a dva n ce h as b e e n
,
e v e r m ad e i n to t he fi e lds of th e U n know n W e ca n n o t gi v e
.
—
,
OR X GI N o r I M A G I N A TI O N
“ ” —
mi ra culous s t o ri e s o f S t i gm a t a th e m ar k of na ils i n th e
fl e sh a n d t h
,
wou nds in t h e bodi e s o f
sa i n t s a re no a u t h e n t i ca t e d
. I nd e e d th e cre a t ive pow e r
20 O r igi n q/ I zzzagi rm l zbn
of th e S ai n ts is a ll i e d i n o ne re spec t to th a t of e v e ry gre at
— —
gen i us m o ral and oth e rw ise i n asmuch as th e y fu rn ish a n
i ll ustra t ion of t h e pow e r of m e n tal im ages th e motor e l e m en ts ,
To l ea ve th e w o rld of th e mi ra cu lous an d re t u rn to th e
peach , th e recoll e c tion of wh ich m a k es th e mouth wate r I H e re
—
we h av e re pro duc t ion pure a nd si mpl e th at is m e mory plus ,
an d i s fou nd as R o m a ne s h a s p oi n t e d o u t
, v e ry low i n th e ,
” pr e l i m /i on .
d uc ti ve i m agi nation .
—
,
i n sci e nc e .
an d s e l e c t ion a ccom pa ni e d b y po w e r of c re a t io n B u t th is
.
d e pe nd e nt on th e i nt e l l e c t u al s ti l l mo re obviously i s i t
,
a ppa re n t ly bu t fe rt il e
,
B yron w ro t e h i s En glish B a rds and
.
,
re p re se n t a t a c e rt a i n e poch th e wi l l so th e i m agi n at io n ,
24 O r ig i n f
o Im ag i n a t i on
a s G o e t h e sa id t he for e ru n n e r o f re ason
, I n th e begi n n ing
-
.
Th us i n th e e n d th e t yra n ny o f m e mo ry is brok e n t h e ,
I n a c m a r to n IN A N I M A LS AN D I N F AN CY
The t wo su bj e c t s are no t so close ly a lli e d a s m ay at fi rst
a pp e a r W ond erful is th e a ni m a l world t h a t i s close to u s
.
t h e m no t p ar al l e ls bu t sub s ti t ut e s
, Sit bs ti tu te s th a t ba fll e u s
‘
.
e tc. a s e ss e n t i a l ly t he s a m e as i n o u rs e lv e s
, Bu t wh a t is th e .
re a re d i n o n e n e s t a n d put t h e m i n t o th e o t h e r Th e old .
such m e m ory as t h is
‘ ?
W e d o no t know
’
I t i s as Lo rd .
Or i gi n f
o Im ag i n a t i on 25
t h e d w e lli ng . H u b e r a n d Fo re l h a v e d e scri b e d t he ar m i es o f
an ts h a v e shown th a t th e y a re agricultu r is ts
, th at t h ey k e e p
,
ca t tl e a nd sl a v e s t h a t t h e y n u rs e a nd e d uc a t e the you ng a n d ye t
, ,
—
Th e bee a nd th e a n t b e gi n wi t h t h e ra c e a nd n e v e r arriv e a t
t h e i ndividu a l W h e re th e paths o f p rogre ss d i ve rge so
.
mys t e ry t o us S wa m m e rd a m th e in v e n t or of th e m icroscope
.
, ,
an d s o th e m os t n u m e rous com m un i t i e s o f li fe h a v e t o be l e ft
p g H e
. re h e n ,
w e a pp ,ea r to h a v e al l t h e r e
—
origi n a l pl a n i n t rod uc e sm a l l i nnov atio ns S uch ca p acity as .
e .
,
m i n d oe s no t f ll o w th es e c h a n ge s
o r brea k with t h e C i rc l e o f i d e as
,
o
t h a t a bsor bs t h e m .
O r ig i n o f I m agi na t i on 2 7
th e wi n g s of t h e fi re fl y l Th e h a m m e r h ea d of Afri ca ad o rn s
-
ea rt h e n w a re brigh t st on e s fea t h e rs e tc
, ,
An d t h e bow e r bi rd
, .
—
long i n so m e c as e s l in e d with grass e s whose h eads a l most
touch a bov e an d a dorn e d wi t h sh e lls o f fi ve or pe rh a ps more
, ,
n si —
I va o n Th e b ra i n of a v e ry yo u n g ch ild i s rich in w at e r
'
of re fl e x mo ve m e n ts is no t ye t compl e t e d .
ma dn e ss a nd cho re a a d e l i ri u m o f th e muscl e s
”
, .
fi ng e r mov e m e n ts e tc T a ki ng al l t h is i n t o accou n t t h e re i s
, .
,
m e re mo ve m e n t of th e orga n s an d l im bs .
wi t h h e al t h I t is no w b e li e v e d by m a ny thi nk e rs th a t th e
.
su bj e c t to c e rta i n l a ws a nd d ep e nds n ot o n th e ta st e an d
,
“
t h e m o to r t ra ini n g s h o u ld b e p ro s e cu te d
. At e v e ry h o u r an d
,
i n e v e ry l e s s on m ov e m e n t is a grea t fa c to r i n d e te rm in in g th e
,
ow t h o rre s t of m e n ta l a c t i vi t y
g r r a .
C H AP T ER I I I
rn a c rn x rto n
'
A N D M OVE M E N T
—
To arr e s t a visibl e mov e m e n t (as wh e n a n i n fa n t s li mbs are ’
e a rli e r
.
p e ri e n c e th a t th e y oft e n b e com e a l a rm e d an d s us p i cl ou s i f a
Ye t wh a t we m a y ca l l t h e p e riod of
,
“
sponta n eo us m o v e
”
m ent i s n o t ov e r a t fou r or fi v e At th a t a ge a h e a lthy .
would l ik e to gi v e a fr e e fi e ld to th e sm a ll e x pe ri m e ntors .
“
W e should r ejoic e ”
h e sa ys “
with the chi l d re n wh e n a
, , ,
to th e wi n dows .
th e msel v e s m a i n ly i n mov e m e nt
, , .
m a n m a k e s thi s v er y ob v ious “
W e ca n distinguish sa ys "
.
,
e nd ura n c e 5 Throwi
. n g p l a ys
. 6 C a tc h i n g pl a ys ”
Th e r e
. . .
—
,
h
t e r e s ul t o f m e r e mo ve m e n t r e gul ar lo n g co n ti nu e d — bl a n k ,
Im ag i n a ti on a na
’
Move m en t 33
o u sl
y e xch a n g e o ne mov e m e nt fo r a noth e r H a ppi ly t h e .
,
a d —
is v e ry crea tiv e n i nv e n t i v e i n mov e m e n t tu rn s som e r
sa ul t s pe rform s fea ts i n th e wa y o f j um pi n g th ro ugh b a rs
, ,
a n d o ve r fe nc e s d a r e s t h e a sc e n t o f a ll forbidd e n b ut i n v i t
,
i n g w a l ls a nd t a x e s th e i nve n ti v e pow e rs o f h i s e ld e rs wh o
, ,
st re w brok e n gl a ss a nd fi x b a rb e d wi re i n v a in E ve n girl s
, .
’
s ee n a girl cli mb o n a noth e r s b a ck a n d try to b a l a n ce h e rs e lf
on h e r should e rs “
I a m surpris ed sa i d a n i ndign a nt t ea ch er !
.
”
,
*
a g e in a l l th a t conc e rn s mo ve m e nt .
of th e l a t t e r A fe w y e a rs a go th e School Bo a rd o f a north e rn
.
a ppea ra nc e thro a t e y e s t e e t h e tc
,
M a ny va l u a bl e fa c t s w e r e
, , , .
Th y p b b ly ff
e ro a su e r as m uc hm e n ta lly as phy i lly th
s ca gh ro u no t be i ng
ll w d Sp h i l d i h l w ll
’ ’
a o e mp to ro . e nce r s o r ro r o f th e qu e t a es sc oo was e
34 Im ag i n a t i on a nd Move m e n t
a rre s t e d by a n obs e rv a t io n to th e e ffe ct t h a t a l l the child re n
w e re i n ne e d o f fre e ph ysic a l e x e rcise ! I t was known th a t
m a ny o f t h e ch i ldre n w e re n e wsp a p e r v e ndors a n d spe nt ,
m a ny hou rs o f th e d a y i n r u n n i n g a b ou t th e st ree ts I t wa s .
wors e th a n u se l e ss “
.F re e m a ssi v e m ov e m en t is w a nte d
,
”
such a s ru nn ing rou nd t h e p l a yi ng g ro u nd w e re th e w ords o
of th e R e port .
A nd i t is s a d to r e fl e c t th a t t he child re n whos e st o re is s m a ll
a re n o t a llow e d t o e nt e r i nto t h e i r l i t tl e poss e ssions .
I n n u m e ra bl e a re t h e m ov e m e n t s wh ich chi ld re n m a k e wh e n
l e ft i n p e ac e a n d fre e dom I n n u m e ra bl e to o a re the ki n ds o f
.
mov e m e n t which e v e n a du l t s i nv e n t fo r t h e i r o wn pl ea su re .
to d riv e ,
ri d e sk a t e cycl e an d m o t o r a t a fu rious ra t e
, , , , .
sa tio n ”
. Th e re ca n be li tt l e dou b t t h at opp or tu n i o f or n ew '
Th e b a th a f
f o r ds v a ri e d e xp e r i e nce s —A mo ng ot h e rs i t
o ffe rs d e l igh t ful s e nsa tions of t ouch wh ich h a v e d raw n e n
’
ra pture d pra is e s fro m t he poe ts .
D en s e h ns u c h tv o ll e n Le ib e i n tn a l
U nd K i tase B r us t u nd W a nge
E r fti h l t m i r sc h on h er an f d ie B t rus ,
E r kfi h l t m i t U e be ss c ha u crl us t
U nd j au ch ze n d em Ge s a nge .
Es s c h l tl
pft d e r go d n e o n n e n l
sc S hi
e n
In T ro p fe n a n m i r er wi d
Di e W og e wi ege t a us und ein
D i e h i ngeg e bnen G e d e r , li
Di e Arm e ba h i c h
’
a u sg es pa n n t
Si e k o mm t auf ihh g m c c rz u e ra n nt
Si e fass t u nd l a t m i h wi d
ss c e er .
”
m un i ty f m p i
ro S m hil d
a n. f i m i l ty p h w ext d i y
o e c re n o cr na e s o rao r na r
i
n se n s i bili ty i th k i n e s n.
r Th i
e re b d s no i d C pt i W bb
e ,
”
ft th
sa a a n e ,
“
s o so as e ocea n.
a nd
'
3 6 [m ag i fl a t zon Mov e me n t
But th e b ath is a lso a th : a t re o f n e w ac t i o n N e w m ove m e n t s .
a l ly i n t he d ri ll h al l a re l ea rn e d a n d e x e cut ed i n t h e wa t e r i n t ui
-
a l l th es e mov e m e n t s h o w m a n y g a mbols an d fe a ts t h e y l ea rn
”
for u s .
t h i nk on ly wh e n t h e y w e re st re t ch e d p ro n e o n t h e i r be ds —an d
e v e n hidd e n u nd e r t h e cov e rl e t s .
fo rm of al l —to wi t mov e m e nt
,
.
,
I m ag zrza t ton an 37
at l as t i n ord e r t h a t t h e y m i gh t h a v e a li t t l e pl e asu re
,
A l i tt l e .
t he ros e ga rd e n wh e re al l i t s re l a t io n s l iv e d
, Ev e n l ett e rs an d
.
3 8 a rza
h u m a n life i n e v e ryth i ng “
O ur Soul sa id Jol y d e sire s t o .
,
”
,
a rts e xi st o n ly i n ord e r th a t t h e se e k e r m a y fi nd t h e e a r th e ,
‘
borrow e d from t h e psychology of M a n L in e s n a s w e l l a s .
I t i s th e n through a rt t h a t t h e d u mb bl i n d a ni m i sm o f ,
Th t ill i p l y p t i
‘
a us ons a a ar n th e de l
ve o
pm e n t o f men tl a we r i s u n
d i b l v i th
en a e e f th
en n e cas e o e m os t d v d thi k
a a n ce ill i n er . he u s on s
f th i m i d P
”
l f h i f I n th e c ase o f
—th ffi m t i t h t
o p e ex t er e n e r, sa as ca .
p t
a re a ar o s o rc e .
th hil d t h ill i i t h p
e c e us o n s e os u a t e t l e a r a o n. a i s to say , t he
fi t t p wi t h t whi h t h
rs s e ou c e se c o n d t p t i fi ti i i m p i bl
s e ,
re c ca on, s os s e .
t Th th p p
us d i l li
e er en cu ar ne , wh v w e re iterig i f e t i ty
se e , s n i es a us e r ,
t
s re ng h I t t ll.t t wn a rees , o er n i g w ll t a lw y th m Th
s, e c .
, a a s e sa e . e
h iz t l i b d h gh i
or on a , n roa ou s, n lvl
e el w h iz
se a s , ig i fi l w y
o or o ns , s n es a a s
ca l m Th w v i g li i th
. e a n ne s e li f w k
ne o f y th
ea f th
n e ss , o o u ,
o e un
fi i h d
n s t e t
, e c . , e c.
Im agi s a t i oa a na
’
Il I ove m e wt
/
39
lo ve s ta l e s of wond er a nd a d v e n t ur e ,
H e re a ch e s forth .
pe riod of ea ge rn e ss h as i ts pa ra ll e l i n th e h istory o f t h e S a x on
ra ce I n th e tw e l ft h ce n tu ry sa ys T a in e t h e m e n ta l e n e rgy
.
, ,
a nd th e g e n ui n e study o f m a n B u t n o o n e follows h im . .
—
Th e re is n o fruit i n th e lit e ra ture o f t h a t a ge on ly use l e ss
b ra nch e s An d wh y ? Be ca use a h e a vy i nstru m e n t to wi t
.
gr ou nd .
itse l f ? W ho w e r e i t s d e l iv e re rs in by gon e d a ys wh e n t h e ,
ov e r th e t yr a nny o f m i nd i m a ge s !
—
This is a rt but th is i s a l s o p ri m iti v e e d u c a t ion a t ra i ni ng
,
as o f u ne a sy sl e e pe rs Th e obj e cti v e a rt s a re th e a rt s i n
.
,
pl a st ic i m a gi n a t ion i s ea sily d e t e r m i n a bl e I ts m at e ri a l
.
s t il l m uch .N e v e rth e l e ss e v e n th e m a t e ri a l o f t h e ch i ld wh o
d ea l s w i t h cl a y colou r e t c co nsists o f i m a ge s which a re a
, ,
.
,
‘
th e m l e a d ou twa r d tow a rds t h e a tt a i n m e n t of i m a g e s i m
,
p gr e na te d wi t
h r e a li t y .
’
ser i es of n u m be r is i n d e fi n it e in e i th e r di re c tion an d th e re fo re ,
4 2 Im ag i a a t i ozz an d Move m e n t
op ens t h e way t o ce rta i n forms of u n t ram m e l l e d sp e cu l atio n ) .
e v e ry e l e m e nt h a s its pl ac e a nd v a lu e H e a tt a i ns t o a k n ow .
l e dg e o f t h e re l ationshi p o f i n te rv a ls a ccord s r hy t h ms e tc , , , ,
.
,
a nd u ni nt e ll i g i bl e Su bj e c t i v e a rt t h e n is t h e r e gu l a tor as
.
,
a pp re ci a t e d t h e v a l u e an d fu n c t ion of e i t h er ord e r of a rt .
d e v e l op m e n t of t h is a rt i n m od e rn d a ys s e e ms t o h av e
ca rri e d it b e yon d the pa l e o f th e e l e m e nta ry t ea ch e r an d ,
bi l i ty to voic e s an d i n fl e c t io n s an d a g re a t pow e r of i n t e r
, ,
m i
us c ywh f l t til it b m d l p d d m p li t d
a re e ve r e re e un e co es e ve o e an co ca e .
Th th p i t f p f tiu rs u d th m f t h i al d i ffi l ti o v e rc o ec n c cu es
en e o
g
e r ec on an e in o
b m ec o d i th m s l
e en s Th i g i g f h l d
n e i im p i d
e ves .
"
e s n n o c i re n s un a s s o ne ,
b t u g l t
s t ra n hi
e g l i i i
o uc i
g g m p
n li t d. i b l
ve n thi g n s n n co ca e o r u n s u ta e n s
ch i f l ld i h v
o rs o c u m i~v o c l q lity t h t i
cs a y i f ti
e an e d o t o na ua a s ve r n ec o us a n
p l
ec ui t th m
ar o e .
I m ag i zza t i oa
‘
a nd At one m en t 43
tion of t h e se t wo m ov e m e n t s —t he regul at i ng i n n e r mo ve m e nt
a n d th e co rre c t iv e ou t e r m ov e m e n t Art is t s a ppe a r t o los e
.
th is al t e rn a t io n a t t i m e s — as fo r e x am pl e Ch arlo tt e B ron t e , ,
a b a ndo n m e n t to th e i m puls e s o f th e i n n e r wo r ld — a nd t h e n
a el t rn a ti on is n o t a lw a ys r e gul a r — i nd e e d i t m ay be doub t e d
wh e t h er it is e ve r e ve n a n d bal a nc e d W e c an no t lo o k b ack o n
.
d e v e lopm e n t of A r t To d ay t h e whol e m ov e m e n t o f t h e
.
n o w a nd a ga i n in pr o t e s t S t a n l e y H a ll a s we h a v e a lrea dy
.
,
pro vi d e d fo r .
"
This is bu t a voice i n t h e wild e rn e ss h o w e v e r .
Th e w i n d s o f e v e n l i tt l e on e s a re k e p t busy wi t h obj e c t iv e
e l e m e n ts — e l e m e n t s co n c e rn e d t ha t is to s ay n o t wi t h s e n t i
, ,
44 I m ag i ne / i on an d fli ov e m m t
p roac h i n
g a condi t ion wh ich r e s e mbl e d m a d n e ss N o w — t h e y .
a re i n d a n ge r o f d rying u p t h e v e rv w e ll sp ri n gs of t h e i n t e l -
fo r r e turn .
i s to s ay wi t h t h e s e h e is ca p a bl e o f e duc a t i o n
, .
e m o tio n .
t o t h e optic n e rv e a n d t h e nc e on to t h e l a rg e a r e a o f t h e
vi sio n t a k e s pl a c e .
e e e —
p rf ct d gr d u lly i t a a be e n sa id th a t i t i s fa r from
ha s
—
pe rfec t a t t he b e s t a nd wh ich i t s poss e sso r l e a rns to u se bu t
slowly I t is i nd ee d p a r ex cel /m ac t he inst ru m e n t of a d a pta
.
, ,
e ye tra i ni n g a re c a rr i e d on in t h e fi e lds
-
Th e e ye re q u ire s .
n o t o n ly ligh t b ut vista .
to re m a i n a long t i m e i n t he d a rk To ta k e a si ngl e i n .
H a rv e y ca m e b a ck to l iv e i n t he light h e found t h a t h e h a d
f g
o r otte n fro m l o see H e could no. long e r m e a sur e dist a nc e s .
l ea rn to s ee a l l o ve r a g a in .
da rkn ess to fol low brigh t movi ng obj e cts to j udge dis ta nc e s
, , .
t h a t o f th e sa v ag e .
’
r e re a a —
i s s till shor t f om b fo b ckw rds is sti ll i n fact a lit t l e , ,
a r a i n o f pe ri od ic a ls a n d l e a rn m a i nl y through th e e x e rcis e
,
e ye to suit a l t e re d co n di t ions .
v is t a o f s e a a nd sky d e t e c t in g t h e fa r o fl s a il a nd w a tch i ng
'
-
,
*
t h e m ov e m e nts o f gr ou ps o f p e rso ns to yo u i nvisibl e ! R ea re d
i n t h e ou t pos t s o f ci v ili za tio n o n b a re isl a nds wh ich from
-
,
d e n t l oo k f r a d t h u s rt e: wh at a ppea rs t be i n vi s i b l e t t h e tra n ge r
.
o s o o n o o s ,
,
b u t i s i n rea l i ty u n n ti c e d o .
Im agi na t i on a nd Move m e n t 47
—
h a s b e e n e vol v e d a s e v e ry oth e r org a n h a s —
be e n e volv d b y
e
t o s e e t h e ty pe wh ich m ea n s th a t we e x e rcis e t h e a l za cy
’ ’
r a n ge .
be i n fl o ra! of t h e re ti na a s i n t h e m od e rn e ye o r b e h ind
, ,
t h e re t i n a as i n th e fl a tt e n e d shor t e ye is u n e q u a l for th e
, ,
I . II . III . V. VI . VI I .
68 56 5 0 4 ! 35 34 3 2
19 28 26 27 26 24 25
48 Im ag i n at i on and Movem e n t
Yo u i n looki n g a t t h is t a bl e th a t t he sight o f th e
see , ,
t h e copy i n g o f l e tt e rs of a st a nd a rd ty pe Th es e bl ock ty pe s .
t h e ch ildr e n w h o a re th e n told t o fil l in on t h e sh ee t a l l t h e
,
te a ch e r) o f h is d e sk from t h e t e st c a rd Th u s wh e n t h e -
.
,
A c e L A ST Bra r n u av '
.
Pe rce n tage wi th S i x S v . e en . E i g ht N i ne
. . Te n . E l e ve n . Tw l e ve . Thi t
r ee n
v i su l iy
.
a ac u t
d e fec ti v e.
an 49
’
Smith s e x a min a tion shows th a t 2 0 pe r c e n t of th e Birm i ng .
m a y we a s k ours e lv e s Wh a t i s t h e c a u s e—not of th e i r d e
,
t h a n town ch i ldre n o f t he sa m e a ge T hi s po i n t s to t he t ru e
*
.
,
n a r r ower fi re s tr ee t Me l a rg er
f the n u m be r o m yoper y ou w i l l
fi n d Mer ci /r Dr S e
.
gge l l fo u nd a mo
. n g sold i e rs r e cru it e d
from th e cou ntr y o n l y 2 p e r ce n t m yopic (short sight ed ) .
-
.
‘
Pe ac e s '
ra o v
. W I TH D e r e c r xv e V i s to s i n To w n AN D Su s u n na s
Sc u oo rs , RA D F B ORD .
II . III . IV . V . VI .
Pe rce nt age wi th T w 36 16
!
o n 3 0 24 21 .
De fec t i v Vi i e C t y
s on o un r . 26 23 r6 15 I S
4
5 0 Im ag i nat i on a nd Movem e n t
Amon g sold i ers re cru it ed from t h e tow n s h e found fr om 4 pe r
ce nt m yopic u p to 9 p e r c en t i n th e m ore er ow ded a rea s of
. .
big c i ti es *
.
r em o ve e v e n th e ma i n c a u se s of e ye d e t er iora tion F or th e .
m a i n ca us e s a re n a rrow stree ts b a d a i r t h e w a n t of go od , ,
It is w thy or of men ti
x m pt f m
on too , th t g i l
a r s (th o ugh m o re e e ro
di h b y d ti v v i i Thi '
seas e s o f th y t ) fl
e e m f em f an o m
s
y su er o re ro e ec e s on . s a
b p t ly b
e ar f th l k f td g m
e ca us e o d th l g vi i
e ac x i o ou oo r a es an e on s on e e rc se
i m li d i thi
e B t th
n i d bt th t wi g i i f t h l d
s. u e re s no ou a se n n n an sc oo s a n
ea r y t d d i till p i b l f m i hi f T
s an ar s s s h re sd wi i t
o ns e or sc e . ru e , t e co e no ns s s
on l g ti t h l g ti h h w
ar e s c es, m t t ill h m d
ar e s t tc l es
g o e ve r us s e a e a a c o s e ra n e.
It i t th
s no iz f t h tit h b t t h l
e s e o f th e s g whi h
c i wes , u e c o se nes s o e ra n e c s no
th v il f t
e e a c o r.
Im agi na t i on an d Movem en t 5 1
—
d a ys w h e n su n b a t h s d g t e w r
-
a n l i h c ur s e e n o t n —
k ow n a nd
wh e n h ea lth wa s b e li e v e d to re sid e i n m e dici ne ch e st s di m ,
—
th e s e di n gy rooms sti l l a h e rit a ge o f t h e p a st B ut a ll th e .
m e n ta l Th e re is no n e e d to copy th e i r d e fe cts
. .
e x h a us ti ng e ye ord e a l th a n th e fa ci n g o f th i s conti n u a l d a zz l e
-
.
“ ”
t e rra cott a which i s pre fe rre d by m a n y as a w a rm colou r
-
, ,
w e re e vi d e n t to t e a ch e rs e v e n i n the d a rk d a ys o f pa ym e n t
b y re sults "
A nd more th a n o n e h e a d m a ste r b rought ou t a
.
Wh a t i s w a n t e d is a d e sk w h e re t h e pu pi l m a y w rit e w ithou t
r a isi ng th e e lbow Th e d e sk should b e bro a d e nou g h to hold
.
m a tt e r of cou rs e .
In F AN i s . Sr a n ns a ns
S t d d S t d d S t nda d
an ar an ar a r
B bia es . I n fa nts . I 81 I I
. . III . IV . V. VI .
bv a to e s ea s
H ight f
e t f m
o sea ro
floo r 12 5 14
S iz
e o f sea ts l l x g l l x 9
S iz
e of b k ac res st 8x55 . 8x 5§
A nd re ca pi t u l a te
no w to .
r ea di ng th e te a ch i ng o f th is subj e ct m ay be m a d e a m e a ns of
,
u se ,
fo r ch ildre n c an not hold a book a t th e right dista n c e !
i n vol u nt a rily th e y wi l l brin g i t n e a r th e e y e s a n d e v e n re st it ,
‘
t h e re for e wi th th e a i d of fr a m e s a n d boa rds s e t a t a dis ta nce
,
y e t t h e p e rc e nt ag e of d e fe ct o f vision a pp e a rs to v a r y mor e wi t h
t h e so ci a l co nd i t ions of th e ch ild re n t h a n wi t h a n y sch ool
cl ass of p e op l e h a ve th e hi gh e s t Th e i nd ividu a l i n e v e ry on e
.
,
ma dn e ss i s always a t th e doo r o f th e m i nd A nd th e hi gh er .
o f o u r big ci t i e s we a re re mi nd e d of t h e m I t appea rs t h a t .
s e l v e s a n d t o o t h e rs La t e r t h e q u e stion o f food s e tt l e s m a ny
.
’
—
oth e r qu e s t i o ns d e cid e s no t only wh e t h e r t h e re will be sou n d
t ee t h a nd bon e s bu t wh e t h e r m e mory i m agi n atio n an d wi ll
, , , ,
we ak e ne d re scu in g bu t h a lf o f th e pri z e
,
.
Tn !! E A R
( i f th e c as e is a b a d o n e
) t h a t t h e y are
“
cl e a n a gi n o pe r a ti o ns ” ’
.
t ru m pe t ga t h er in g t he sou nd wa v e s I t is m o b i le t oo a s
,
.
, ,
t h e hu m a n e x t e rn a l ea r i s sm a ll Th e m uscl e s onc e co nc e rn e d
.
M ovem e u t
’ ’
5 6 I m agva a t zon a nd
still to be su re Th e re is p e rh a ps n o o t h e r o rga n n o t e xc e pt
.
,
be h ind th e e ye th e p a rt e d fe at h e rs wi l l sh ow th e li st e ni ng
,
—
t h at i t is a n ea r high ly organ is e d a n e ar fo r m usic ”
We ll .
,
b e h i n d t h e sm al l h u m an o rna m e n t th e re i s a n e v e n mo re
”
e xpos e d a nd s o i n t e rd e p e n d e n t t h a t we m a y s a fe ly s ay t h e re
,
o f S p ac e th e e ar is p a r e xc e ll e nc e th e o rga n o f a i r W h e re ’
, , , .
an d
'
— ’
w arbli ng of bi rds al l N a tu re s symphon i e s a re pl ay e d out
u nd e r th e fre e blu e s ky , .
To ta k e a n e x a m pl e J ust a t t he poi nt wh e re t h ro a t a nd
.
th ro a t .
wi nd in strum e n ts w e re block e d u p .
was gl a d to e sc a pe w i t h m y e a rs ”
sa id a girl i n t h e tra m
,
y e st e rda y I f s h e wa s a ll udi ng to a n il ln e ss s h e h a d i nd e e d
.
,
”
good ca us e to cong ra tul a t e h e rs e lf o n e s ca pi ng with he r ea rs
“
,
fo r v e ry fe w e v e r do th a t One t/ ur d of a l l a d u l ts a r e deaf to a
'
o ne e a r i n 1 0 pe r c e n t o f young childre n
. A nd a l a rge pro .
.
m o uth op e n ? I n o rd e r to br e a th e Bu t th e mouth i s n o t .
m ust b re a th e a s h e c a n To b e su re h e is li a bl e to c a tch
.
w e ll we k now th a t one v e nt wi ll n o t t a k e
,
th e pl a c e o f a no t h e r wh e re t h e y a re conc e rn ed Sound .
is a m a tte r of v e n ts i n t h e ri ght pl a c e ! t h a t is to sa y of ,
Im agi n a t i on a nd Move m e n t 59
he ca n .
d ulln e ss is i nd uc e d no t n a t u ra l Bu t it is r e a l Th e d e a fe st
, . .
th e m .N o r n e e d we wo nd e r Th e fe w e r o u r i m pre ssi on s.
,
t h e na rrow e r th e r a ng e of o u r l ife a n d t h e s m a l l e r m e a ns ,
d
w i th his h e a d o n h is a r m a n his a m o n the d esk a so rrow
r ,
—
“
ful en ough e x a mpl e of mod e rn ch i ld c ulture -
.
of se a bi rds o n t h e fo a m
-
”
th i s distre sse d l i tt l e mou t h bre a th e r
,
'
l o w e st
60 Im ag i n a ti on amt Move m e a t
O b vi o us M out h B th
-
rea e rs.
B th
o On e
N os t ril s N os tr il
B l oc k e d . Bl k d
oc e .
A p pa re n tly N o rm a l C hil d re n .
Age B th o O ne H a b it ua l
l tas N u m ber N t il os r s N os t ril M o u th
Bi th d y
r a . Sle ec te d . Bl k d oc e . Bl k d
oc e . B rea t h e rs .
From th es e ta ble s
t h at mou t h b rea thing i s n ot a
we s ee -
e a rs
, wi t h quick k e e n s e nse o f h ea ri ng As for th e mou t h
"
,
.
b e com e v e ry d eaf i n l a t e r l i fe .
“
pa i n ful a n d hu m i li a ti ng ai l m e nts And t he a nswe r i s Li v e .
i n good a i r B re a t h e i t w e l l a n d e xh al e i t we ll a lso fo r i n
.
, ,
—
i ng we shoul d s e e t h at ch ild re n romp i n th e ope n a i r i f ,
th e e ne m y bad ai r -
B u t t h e doo rs of th e e ar s c a n n ot be
.
al so wh a t viol e nc e a n d —
d iscord att e n ds t h e i r pa rt i a l closi ng !
O ur schools full o f youn g gi rls a n d ch ildre n shou ld be rea l
, ,
quickly to l is t e n to i t s i nfl e c t ions e v e n wh e n t h e y h a v e qu i t e
ceas ed to b fas t idious a bou t th e voic e s o f t h e pe opl e a rou nd
e
t he schools of no r t h e rn ci t i e s th e ru m bl e of t rafli c t h e r i ng of ,
o f m e a do w hills a n d s e a an d h a ng th e m o n th e w a lls bu t t he
, ,
-
.
t e nd e ncy to ru n a w ay from i t .
Ye t we a re re ca l l e d by t h e knowl e dg e th a t th e h um a n voic e
sta nds a s t h e e x pre ssion o f t he inn e r life a nd a ppe a ls dire ct ly ,
w e re pe rfe c t ly a w a re o f th is fa ct a nd r e cogni ze d i t W e a re .
a rt i fici a l a nd th e fa ls e voic e
,
Th a t th e form e r n o t t he l a tt e r
.
, ,
to d a y di vo rc e d from t he e v e ry d a y li fe
-
.
W e c a n ch an g e th e a ura l e n v ir o n m e nt without ch a n gi ng
Im ag i na t i on and Move m e n t 63
th e loc a li ty — si nc e t h e rich e st e l em e nt i n it a ft e r a ll i s th e
h u m an e l e m e n t Thi s h u m a n el e m e n t c a rri e s the dire ct
.
a u r a l en v i ro n m e n t o f e v e n th e most u n h a ppy ch i ld i s a l w a ys
ch a n gi n g wi t h in c e rt a i n l imits fo r it i s i nfl u e nc e d by e v e ry
,
fu l fl e xi bl e voice o fle rs th e st im ul us of conti nu a l fi ne ch a ng e
'
co m pl ex struc t u re s a nd a tt e m pt to d e a l w ith i t as a n i nd e
,
a nd tr a i n i n g o f th e school a n d th e ho m e .
ov e r forty ca n h e a r a b a t sq u e a k .
t he a mount a nd forc e of t h e b re a th th a t is to sa y th e y , ,
o f th e d e a f .
N u m ber o f ch i ld re n t o w
wh om at c h be co m es
au d i bl e at a i
d s tanc e o f
F o r t h e ri g h t e a r F or th e l e ft ea r
l es s l es s
to to
t ha n 5 t o re t o to o v er
th a n 5 to to
i n. s o rm s o i n. tn . so in
5 in 5 in
.
. .
N ote -
Ad l u ts h e ar wa tc h a t 36 i n c he s .
This t a bl e s e t s b e fo re us t he u n for t u na te fa t e of th e l e ft
I m ag i na t i on a nd M ovem ea t 65
a n d ye t h ea r i n g a n d visi on m a y be sm a ll A mo ng idiots d e
.
of w o m e n a ppea rs to be i n fe ri or to th a t of m e n On e of .
g row t h of t h e b r ain
.
C HA PTE R IV
M E M O R Y AN D s n or to n
child do n o t se e a h o rs e i n t he s am e way or re m e m be r th e ,
quit e n egl e ct e d by an o t h e r .
m e mory *
H ow m uch h e fo rge t s h o w m uch h e ign o re s i n
.
,
ord e r t o re m e mb e r t o aw ak e n a t will a c e r t ai n o rd e r of m i n d
,
The i li m i t ti
o rga n c f th ti t a t l on s o f th y g ti
e t ar s , or a ea s t o e ou n r
ar s ,
m y b
a v
e o m by e rco i d f h
e a c e rta n o r Of l t y it i b m er o t e ac er . a e e a rs s e co
i g
n mm
co t on g g o en d a f t e h f o ne
g ft d hil
ord erw h o e ac er or i e c re n , o a re
l i g t d w t f h i t i t i p w b t f th | m w l t g h
e a rn n o ra no or s ar s c o e r, u or o er e rs a o et e r,
—
,
F or e x mpal A t l
e t d b y wh d a en e w h w ll i o t t li wi t h
,
o ra s o rs e s e , s Se n o ve
an e x p t j dg f h
er u fl h
e o Th l tto rs e l d hi y t hi y g
s
es e a er en s s e es o s ou n
p p
u il ,p i t hi
o n ts o u
g f wht h t hn t
s i l
or k d whi
ic h h l d m
e ar s t ne v e r oo s an c e se o
sees , a nd th h l p him
us e i w s t d bl , pp
as ly f m
t i d i m g
e re . o a ou e su o n a es
to w k wi th M t h
or ,
f th
s . ti t d h es e o f th xp t d j k y
e ar s an t ese o e e er an oc e .
Mem ory a nd Em ot i on
fa c e so w e l l t h a t h e pa i n t e d a port ra i t o f h i m Wh il e H o rac e .
“ ”
h e had hol e s i n h is brai n .
“
Equi l ibriu m o f th e fa cu l t i e s i s i n h u m a n i n te llige nce wh at
,
t h an e i t h e r “
I f I look ba ck h e wri t e s I ca n s e e wi t h o u t
.
”
,
“
,
, , .
68 Me m ory and E m oh on
l ea st i n flu e nc e tha t wi l l s e t th e m i n vi bra t io n
I t appe a rs at the fi rst b l ush as i f the n e rvous syst e m was for
a lo ng ti m e a passi v e i n stru m e nt A nd ye t t his is no t th e
.
fe w w e e ks th e movem e nts a re co o rd i n a te d t h e e ye s ha v e th e
-
,
po we r of accommoda ti on a n d be i ng fi xe d u po n a l u mi nou s
, ,
E m ol zozz
'
69
Th e la st of t h e se co n di ti ons m a y a lon e be a bs e nt wh il e al l th e ,
70 Me m ory an
th a t is to sa y
-
t h e fi xi ng o f th ings i n ti m e
, in volv e s
grea t m ent a l a ctivi ty Ev e n t h e pl a st ic a rtis t s m e mory
.
’
,
“
ofte n sudd e n fa t igu e I f I wish to s e e t h e M oo rs a g a i n
.
,
w a rds I ca n se e i t cl e a rly ”
The v ision i n spa c e doe s no t .
—
m e mory more e sp e ci a lly re c e nt e v e nts a nd th ings Th e
fo r .
“ ” “ " “
Wh at is your n a m e ? H o w old a re you ? H ow
m an y broth e rs a nd siste rs h a v e you ? ” “
Wh e n did you r
r i —
fa th e d e a nd your m oth er ?
Th e a nsw e r to such qu e stions fa ll ra pidly —inst a n ta ne ously
from th e li ps of th e w e l l nouri sh e d ch ild U nforge tta bl e to
-
.
h im se em s h is o wn n a m e a n d t h e n a m e s o f h is broth e rs a n d
siste rs A nd ve ry w e l l he re m e mb e rs th a t h e i s fi ve a nd a
.
h al f or si x a nd a h a l f y ea rs o ld B ut th e girl o f d oubl e th a t
.
”
is yo ur m ot he r ? sa id a te a ch e r o ne d a y to a b right e y e d -
th e re is a ki nd of s e cond d e a t h t h a t whi l e th e i m a ge l i n g e rs
, ,
T a k e fo r e x a m pl e th e c a s e o f a fa m i ly in th e sl u ms wh o ha d ,
a nd w as ki ll e d . A fe w w e e ks l a t e r o n e o f th e d a ught e rs
c a ugh t sm a llpox a nd di e d i n t h e hospi ta l a nd a b ro t h e r wa s
,
7 2 Me m ory a nd Emot i on
fa r be h i n d th e m .
If we w a n t to ge t an id ea of wh a t th e i nte l l ectu a l m a ch i ne
”
is , we m ust l a y a sid e l it era ry m e ta phors sa id Ta in e ,
We .
e v e n M e mory
”
. Th e se a re b ut a b bre vi ation s sig ns th a t ,
modifi ed t/m
'
consecu ti ve, i
gf ted w i th cer ta i n ten dand er, in r
h e r l ea rn i n g i n a n a tt a ck of fe v e r to t h e a ston i sh m e nt of a l l
,
.
o n i t is h e n c e fort h c a p a bl e of re v i v ifi ca ti o n a nd r e birth a l l ,
a w a it o n ly t h e righ t co n ditions to re v e a l th e m se lv es A nd
”
y e t t h is ri ve r m a
y b e com e a m e re ch a nn e l of sl ugg i sh p oo l s
a n d gr e y w a t e r tr a cks A ch a ng e i n th e ce re bra l subs t a nce
.
,
fa ti gu e h u n g e r m a y pre v e n t th e a w a k e n in g of i m ag e s
, ,
Si r .
ta k en food an d w in e a nd h a d b e e n som e ti m e a t re st th a t I ,
re g a i ne d th e m a ga i n ”
H e re is a ca s e i n w h ich t h e ri ve r
.
t h e ri v e r is a l w a ys k e p t sh a l low Ba d fe ed i ng i n i n fa ncy
.
c on tin u a l re strai n t o ne or a l l of th e se c a us es m a y be
74 M e m ory an d E m ot i on
e v e n a m ong t h e w e ll t o do -
.
sai d o ne t e ach e r “
I m us t t ak e p re c a u t ions O r I m us t as k
, .
E MO l ‘ ’
lUN E m o t ion is t he fe rm e n t wi t hou t which t h e re is n o
cre a t io n ”
. M a n poss e s s e d o n ly o f i n t e ll ig e nce t h e pow e r of
, ,
o f a u t o m a t on .
th i rt y y e a rs sa id Ta in e I c an re m e m be r e v e ry d e t a i l o f th e
” “
, ,
t h ea t re wh e re I wa s t a k e n fo r th e fi rs t t i m e Th e pi t s e e m e d .
l a t e d w e n t ou t a nd re tu rn e d aga in
, I was s e v e n ye ars
—
.
i n th e fi rs t pl ace a n d t he e motio n we no w fe e l i n re m e m
,
m er e ly o n th e l e a rn i n g o f t he righ t t h in gs a t t h e ri gh t
ti m e bu t a lso o n t he e xp e ri e ncing of t h e righ t e m o t ions H ow
, .
ca n we k now th at t h e s e e mo t ions h a v e b e e n e xp e r i e nc e d ?
l i fe as w e l l a s m e n t a l li fe
, Jy
o is t h e m o t h e r o
. f m a ny o f
t h e se crea t ions—a ls o wo n d e r an d ad m i ra t ion Th e ge rm of
,
.
—
i n t ha t sp on ta n e ou s c re at iv e n e ss l ik e t h e frui t i n th e flow e r .
U n fo rt u nat e ly t h e re a re a g re a t m a ny c h i ld re n wh o t h ro u gh
, ,
no ne w voc ab ul a ry Th e y i nv e nt fe w or n o ne w gam e s an d
.
,
a v a ils h e r e b u t e xp e ri e n c e .
’ ’
to k n ow h is m o th e r s o r n urs e s fac e w e ll to r e cogn i se h e r ,
affe c t iv e li fe t h e l aw of i n t e r e st is l e ss p re cise t h a n is t h e i h
,
y i t h l t h
I n m an o f o u r n fan sc oo s eac e rs p a ga m es l y
th t h e c wi re n hil d .
F roe be , we a re o , al so pl a e ga m es
l t ld yd t c d re n i n the o pe n a i r
wi h hil .
A nd d
M a ps , i f h e con fi ne h is o wn o ffi ce ve r s r c y t i tly h
to t at o f s ugges t o n , i
d id i t t wi h
f th t the t h -
u l a m w t m a y a v e be e n
h
an n o n e r re
e o s
er , e g ro n p p a e y
u se ful t i i
Bu t e v en h s i s no t ce rta n l
Th e va ue o f t h e ga m e t o t h e c hil d
t li h —h t
. .
,
as w ll
e i
as i ts
“
n te res
”
es e re t a i t i s h i s o wn c re a t o n i
Pe re te s z ll
.
t
h o w h e s pe n m uc h ti ti h
m e i n c u t ng a c an n e , fi ng l lli it with w
a te r a n d sa il
i ng bo a ts fo r h is
th re e hw r-o l d ne p e , wh o res e n te th e o e d wh l b i
us n es s ,
h l
n e ve rt e e ss , a n d c rii ti ly ti
m pa e n t I sn a m u si ng
’
, t i
O u r n fa n t s d o
no t , p e h x t
r a ps , e
p e ch l t h e sc oo -g a m e s t o h e a m u s n g e i .Th y
a re an i n ve n
ti o n o f gro wn u
p p p
o
eo l e .
Mem ory a nd Em ot i on 77
W e re m e mbe r a multitud e of
th ings in con n ection with th e fac e
of th e pe rson who fi rs t ca re d fo r a n d t e nd e d us a ny o n e of which ,
be real i se d .
th a t h as n o t lov ed i n youth ”
.
t e sts .
wa s p a i nt e d y e llow o t h e rs s a id i t was bl a ck
, Al l h a d se e n .
’
u s ion e d as to t h e sh a pe of a cow s foot so m e s a id it wa s
Q e t ,
”
long oth e rs th a t i t wa s fla t
,
”
O nly two out of th ir t y e ight
.
-
“
wa s sta rtl ing to h ea r fro m o n e girl how e v e r th a t t h e r a in bow
, ,
”
is m os t ly whit e a nd bro wn Stree t boys a re qu ick i n fi nding
.
’
th e i r wa y a boutppe a rs t h a t th is fa cu lty is no t d e
. Bu t it a
v e l o p e d i n a l l c i t v child re n in cong e s t ed a re a s S e v e ra l gi rl s .
o f tw e l v e a n d t hi rt e e n o f a v e ra g e a bili t y wh o h a d n o t follow e d
, ,
t h e v a rious c a lli n gs o f t he s t re e t kn e w v e ry li t t l e o f th e ,
th e y l iv e .
h a v e n ot ed th a t t he fee t a re w e bbe d Q u e st io ne d as to t h e .
“ ”
th e y a re y e llow A gre a t m a ny look e d pu zzl e d a n d could
.
y e llow fi v e s a id th a t it is re d O ne sa id th e sp a r row is wh it e
,
.
,
a n d a noth e r t h a t i t h as si x l e gs (a no t h e r c a s e o f i n trudi ng
schol a rs w e re n o t a ppl i e d Si xt e e n s a id th a t t h e i r pl a y
,
a ffi rm e d t h a t a m a n s a rms a re fa s t e ne d to hi s n e ck Q u s
’
e .
by a gi rl o f e l e v e n I t i s ob vi ou s th a t s he h a d no id e a o f
.
position e v e n wi th re ga rd to so co nspicu ou s a fe a tu re a s
,
th e e y e s
.
w ere t o dra w “
W h e re doe s th e co w li v e ? s h e a sk e d wi t h
.
”
t he c o w l i v e d i n t h e sl a ugh t e r hous e
"
o r h a bits re pli e d th a t
“
, .
e x pe ri e nc e d I t is t he pl a c e wh e re wh a t h a s b ee n l i v e d
.
r e v ea l a gre a t d e a l a nd pe rh a ps th e fa ct of l ea st i m porta nc e
,
which th e y m a k e pl a i n i s th a t th e ch ildre n ne v e r h a d a n y
-
dra wi n g l e ssons .
wa y . The curv e s a nd ta n g e n ts of s t e m a nd l ea f be gi n to
a ppe a r i n t h e m e mo ry dr a wings of a n i m a ls a s i n t h e ca se of
,
Th e hor ns be tw ee n th e ea rs a re pl a i n ly a r e m i n isc e n c e of t h e
school pl a nts o r pe rh a ps of th e brush dra wing l e sso n
, , , .
ta i n e d on l y books sl a te s i nk an d p a pe r
, ,
And i t h a s i ts
, .
fl i es pl a nts a nd h e rba ri u ms I n t he mi nd of t he ch i ld o n
, , .
,
"
sti ll com m ingl e w ith o n e a noth e r ”
Th e re i s n o cl ea r
“
.
”
a n ti t h e sis o f si ngl e thi ngs to pre v e nt th is confusi on a n d ,
t h e st re e ts of B e rli n u nd e t e rr e d by t h e l a ught e r a n d j e e rs of
,
h u n te rs of e v e ry ki nd a nd th e ir sons .
Th e y li k e t h e po v e r ty o f v o ca bu l a ry t he l ack o f ga m e s th e
, , ,
ge n e ra l w an t o f i n t e re s t ca n be t rac e d t o t he s a m e ca us e
De a rt h o f cl ea r a nd sui t abl e m ind i m age s a nd h e al t hy e m o -
6
82 Mem ory a nd E m ot i on
th e y sh o w a l ack of m a nipul a t i ve sk i l l b ut be ca us e t h e y be t ra y
,
a l l t he l a ngu o r a n d w e k e ss o
a n f h
t e i n n e r l i fe — th e d i mn e ss of
TH E H I GH E R H U N GE R S
o —
t d ay scorn t o show o r are a f a id t show th a t th e y lov e
r o —
brig h t a nd pure colour e v e n wh e n i t is wi t hi n th e i r reach
, .
“ ”
a long ti m e Bl ack is sa id t o be a lways safe a nd so are
.
,
.
, ,
ta bl e s Be t he bl a m e whos e i t m ay it is c e rtai n th a t th e fe ar
.
et c.
, run so m e risk o f be ing d e c ri e d a s u ncul t u red be i ngs .
ha n ds o n se ei ng a b righ t colou re d fl ow er By th e ti m e h e -
.
an d vi ol e t — bu t d a rk e r a nd ligh t e r sh ad e s ( a s h e Cal ls t h e m )
c ol ou r o f t h e i r o wn ra i m e n t an d e njoy t h e s t i m ul us o ffe re d ,
An d in thi s th e po e t wa s a child : k e e pi ng
”
i n t h e s ky l
so m e t h ing i ntac t o f th e t i m e wh e n th e re was a glory o n t h e
grass and a spl e ndou r i n th e flow e r t h a t p asse d a way la t e r ,
for we c an sa fe ly a ffi rm t h a t t he h e a rt o f al m os t e v e ry l it t l e
c hi l d i n t h e in fa n t schools l ea ps u p wh e n h e se e s fo r the fi rs t ,
'
Thi d s th t h i l d y ti ti
o es n o t m e an th t h p l a l e s a re a ar s c, o r a e ace s co o u rs
so as o ly Th g h x p ti l hil d b m t i t l m t
t b l e o ve ou e ce o na c re n e co e ar s s a os as
so on th v
as p ek y t h hil
ca n sd x p t
ea i ,
T h
e s uc c re n a re e ce o ns . e ave e
chil d i t s no i ti t v y fi s e ns l d i i ti
ve o d h m er i ne co o u r s t nc o ns an ar o n es . e
will m k a g l t
e an ut f y ll w d y d wi th h i p p
ar an o wh h m
e o an re s a e rs , en e co es
f t t
i rs h l j t th
o sc oo i t H i ghl d m d
, us as g ly t t
e a nc e nf th an e rs a e an u a r an o e
sam l wi th w
e c o o u rs l oo .
771 0 H ig/zc r H un
g er ! 8g
5.
i n a b e am o f l i gh t .
“ ”
m a rigolds tha t com e i n the sw e e t 0 th e ye a r La te r a ppe a r
’
.
th e jo y of those youthfu l e y e s th a t h a v e n e ve r s e e n th e b o w
i n t he cloud .
d i fli c u l ty i n school Th a t i t i s k e e n we m a y s ee by obs er vi ng
.
b u nch o f fl ow e r s o n th e t ea ch e r s d e sk o r t he fe w bu lbs i n th e
'
wi nd ow A t ea ch e r r e l a t e s h o w once s h e w a t ch e d a pro
.
h u n gril y .
—
P e rh a ps th e y ga z ed a t i t k ee nly but th a t is n ot so ce rta i n .
—
cl e a rly which i s e qui v a l e nt to sa ying th a t e v e n th e y do n o t
,
i n a fi e ld or g a rd e n e v e n i s no t e nough W e woul d be
.
be h a ve i n th e sa m e wa y a ft e r a littl e wh il e F or noth i ng i s
.
Th e y ga z e ej a cul a te wo nd er a t e v e ry t h ing —a nd th e n a l l i s
, ,
”
do you cha nge th e pict u re s so o fte n ? th e w rit e r sa id o n e
d a y to a Boa rd school m a ste r Why ? B e ca us e aft e r a
.
.
,
th e fa c e of th e t e a ch e r Mo noto n y s e n ds th e m to sl ee p as i t
.
,
he h as n e v e r disco ver ed .
Th e fi rst th i ng to be d one is to m a k e th e pu pi ls a t h om e
“
wi th c olour ”
. A t hom e so th a t t h e y m a y n e v e r be ti m id
wi t h i t ke e ping to bl a ck be ca use it is sa fe ne ve r ov e r bold
”
—
, ,
e ith e r a s r
a e m a ny w e l l to do p e rso n s -
b ut a t hom e wi th i t
-
,
red sc a l e .
Spri ng fi e ld M a s s ch u s e t ts )
,
I n doi ng th is th e y h a ve .
~
pl a ce T a k e fo r e x a m pl e th e e n d colo ur in th e spe ctru m
.
n e c es s a ry a s it is th a t th e y w ill re c e i v e th e i r most i n te r e s t in g
,
a n d u se d i n o t h e r w a ys B ut t h e re is a noth e r i nstru m en t
of colour tr a i ni ng which m a y n o w b e i ntrod uc e d a n ,
’
n e c e ssa ry i n t he b a bi e s room a s i n t he l a bora to ry An d th is .
i n str u m e n t is th e colou r wh e e l -
.
‘
M uch hi Ch pt tk B d l y M ti B k
’
Co l o urs i n th K i d g
e n e r a rte n .
7 71 6 H g
zfi er H a ng e r s 89
wh e e l i s b a se d .
ch ild re n h a v e l e a rn e d to know th e s t a nd a rd re d a n d t h e
sta nd a rd ora n g e a n d th a t th e te a ch e r n o w w ish e s t h e m to
,
r, ,
z 3 a nd 4 S how a re d disc of N o 3 si z e a n d a s k wh a t
,
. .
,
sh ad e s o f a colou r Ev e ry colou r i n na tu re i s m od i fi e d by
.
90 Té s H igée r Ha ng e r s '
a nd sh a d e s by bl a ck o ne s The t e a ch e r i n sh o wi n g p rogres .
,
Do e s s h e wish t o show gr e ys ? Sh e pu ts bl a ck a n d wh it e
di scs o n th e wh ee l w ith a c e rta i n qu a ntity o f bl u e or re d
, , ,
t h e most g e n e r a l c a n b e m a d e fa m i li a r i n t hi s wa y to y o u n g
,
on ly wh e n t h e y ca n s ee h ow th e y a re m a d e
“ “
.
an d v y f w
a er bl t d i ti g i h vi l t C h b k w i
e a re u na e o s n u s o e . a ses a ve ee n no n n
whi h t w l
c ti th
o co o u r -s e nsa d d t h vi l t h v b
o ns . q it
e re b t an e o e , a e ee n u e a se n .
B t h th d d t h g
o e re b li d p
an e i ree n bl t d i ti g i h b tw
n e rso n s una e o s n s e ee n
th e c h i l th l
e rr es a n f h yt
e e a v es Th d bli d p
o a c w ld
e rr - re e . e re - n e rs o n ou
h y g h l bl i d w ld
.
s ee th e c e rr d l
as reen A d th g
an a so t e e a ve s . n e ree n o
n ou
see t h m b th
e d o It i asf re i m p i bl t gi v l
. s o i i by
co u rs e oss e o e co o u r v s o n
t i i g b t i t w l d b g d thi g f th l bl i d if th i d f t
ra n n , u ou e a oo n or e co o u n n e r e ec
w d i v d wh t h y w littl
e re sco e re en th t th y
e d t lw y t i
e re e , so a e n ee no a a s s r ve
to see as o th d t k p t f
e rs se e , a n whi h th y a efi tt J It i
os s or c e a re u n e . s un
f t t wh
o r u na e h p pl b m d
e n s uc eo he d t b t th
e co e ra rs , o r o u se ec o ra o rs , u e
cas e m y till b w
a s It h e h pp
o rse . m th th t l bli d
as a en o re a n o nce a co o u r- n
p l he t kav et h p t a fen m e ig l
os m with o wf l sea lt e n or s na an a u resu s .
h d g
e li gh t w
an er t d th
as hi p w t d w R d w i
no se e n , an e s en o n. e as th s
tk f g
a en or d th t i
reen , an h t i t th pl e ra nf d th sA li tt l
o n o e ace o ea . e car e
an d b o v ti w l d ab l ve th i fa t mi t e t d i v th e
se r a on ou en e e n e n n s r ss o sco er
c l ur bl i d ch i l d e n
-
o o n r .
Té e H zgé e r H a ng e r s 9 r
m ov e m en t Th e y s e e a t o n ce th a t th e y ca n ta k e colou rs to
.
b ut i n h a vi ng ne w po w e r i n th e sa m e world a n d n e w v i sio n ,
o f th e s a m e ord e r .
a nd by ta ki n g t h e m au l /z a s o ur c e ntre A nd e v e n wh e n .
,
”
na m e s you gi v e to t h e colou rs Th is i s l e mon colour yo u
.
,
sa y !
“
an d h e re is cre a m colou r a n d blu e a nd cru sh e d , .
”
ora nge ch e rry colour an d chocol a te
, , You m a y no t .
” ”
m en tion sa lm on colour o r oa tm e a l or a p pl e gree n & c
“
, , .
,
e v en i n Ch a u ce r wh o s a id th a t o ne thing was
,
a s wh it e as
”
M a in e b re a d a n d a noth e r a s gre e n a s a l ee k
,
”
Th e si mpl e .
too th a t we c a n n ot b e su re v e ry lo ng of t h e ir m ea n i ng
,
.
R és éd a was o nc e gr ee n N ow it is a ki nd of b lu e Ecr u
”
. .
9 2 7 753 H rjg/zer H g
an er s
di a l e ct i n st e a d o f th e E n gl ish l a n g u a ge a s to t ea ch th is new
, ,
M u st we th e n ge t a n e w se t o f d i fii cu l t n a m e s — a n e w
colour voca bul a ry a nd t e a ch it to a l l ch ild re n P No i nd e e d
, , ,
k now th e m a nd know th e i r na m e s —
R ed ora ng e y e llow
.
—
—gre e n — bl u e —viol e t . Th e se wi t h bl a ck a nd whit e m a k e
, ,
" “
u p a l l th e h u e s o n e s e e s “
Som e ti m e s s a ys Rusk in yo u
.
, ,
n a m e s wil l no t a nsw e r i t .
gr a d u a t e d i n t o t o o p a rt s t h e t e a ch e r ca n m ea su r e t h e a mou n t
,
m a y l e ar n h o w v a r ious h u e s a re m a d e u p Sh e wi ll l e a rn to
.
o n th e wh e e l — a n d gi v e i t a d e fi ni t e i f t e m po ra ry n a m e .
c a n fi nd t hi s out by e x pe ri m e nt s wi t h t h e wh ee l An d o n e .
”
“
B ut sure ly you cry yo u a re n o t goi ng to puzzl e o u r
,
"
,
w h en th e y a re l e ar ni ng th e m e a ning o f tin ts a nd sh a d e s it i s ,
a fin a l r e su l t . I t i s e nough if th e ch ildre n l e a rn to be gi n ,
more bl a ck th e d e e pe r th e sh a d e .
I nd e e d th e r a ng e a n d v a ri e t y o f th e m is li m it e d only by th e
i n ge n u ity a nd re sourc e o f t h e t e a ch e r Such a n e x e rcise a s .
ca nnot s e e th e m T he n w h e n t h e di scs h a v e b e e n a rr a ng e d
.
se v e ra l h a v e a nsw e re d a nd t h e in t e re s t o f a ll i s ro us ed stop
, ,
t h e wh e el a nd l e t t h e ch i ld re n s e e th e discs which h a v e b e e n
co mbi ne d to produce t h e colou r By m e re ly obse r vi ng th e .
—
l e sse r qu a n tity o f ora nge i n i t i t wi ll n o t occu r to th e m
( though i t occurs to so m e grown up p e opl e ) to
-
c al l i t
“
m a hoga ny coloured -
”
Th e y acc e pt th e voc a b ul a ry of th e
.
i nd i fi e re ntl y
'
”
wo rk fi rst o f a l l ? Wi th th e pure spe ctr u m colours ,
“ ’
e ve ryo n e m ust a nsw e r u nh e sita ti ngly fo r th es e form N a ture s
ch a rt.
”
A nd in wh a t a rra ng e m e nt ?
Wi th t h a t wh ich g i v e s fro m th e pu re ly se nsory st a nd point -
th e gre a t es t pl e a sure Th e e l e m e n ta ry l a w of a g re e a bl e n e ss
for pa irs o f colours is shown by Scripture i n the fol l o wi n g
di a gra m .
C U R VE OF AG R E EA BL E N ESS F O R PA I R S O I" C O LO U R S .
TIre H g
zke r H
g
an er s 95
to a stra ight li n e .
no m e a n s co n c e rn e d to m a k e hi m conscio us of a l l h is
a ch i e ve m en t s
. By an d by h a vi ng m a d e h i mse lf fa mi l i a r wi th
t he co m pl e m en ta ri e s a nd with som e co n tra sts i n t on e h e m a y
be gi n to e njoy th e putti ng of a cti v e colo ur s a ga in st pa ssiv e
w ea v in g h is re d wi t h w h ite h is bl u e wi t h gre y e tc A nd
, , .
col ou r — h
t e subtl e ch a ng e w hich is v
e er y wh r
e e — i n th e
h a rm o n i cs o f fa ding l e a v e s i n th e gr a d u a t e d flow o n th e
,
flow e r pe ta ls a n d through t he wi d e e xp an se of th e su m m er
sky .
No s oon e r is a ti nt l e a rn e d t h an i t m ay b e l ea rn e d by h ea rt .
e re e —
Long li n e s o h ou s s un li v e d d ra b s t re e t s cov e re d wi th
f
sm ok e p al l we ca n e ndure .
”
The e ffe c t o f co l u r n th e rga n i s m ha s be e n s t u d i e d by F e rré a nd B i ne t
o o o .
t h e s pec t ru m i l t
R e d l l e i n g th e s t ro ng e s t s t m u a n , o ra ng e a n d e o
. y ll w f lo
l w i l
o i ng ! v o et i s d e p re s ss m g Th e ro o m s o f m a n a cs a re t e refore
. i h h g un
wi h i l
t bl h i
v o et o r ue an
g g n s , a n d t h e g t i fli h
m a d e t o
pa ss t ro u g h h vi l t o e
g l
as s I.tl h
i s c e a r t a t w e re co n
g e re iz
d a s a n exc t n
g c o o ur ii F ew l . o f us
i l d wh
w e t o g o n to a fi e e re a u is , b ll wi h
t re d c o ng o n l thi .
T/ze H zg/ze r H an
g e rs 97
F ew v
e en drea m of colou r sch e m e s i n s tre e ts such as M r .
“
Ri ca rdo s ugg ests , tu rquoise til e s i n a s tre e t wh e re t he house s
w ere fu l l y clo t h e d i n vi n e s and a m pe lopsis a n d b ri ght colou red ,
-
wi t hou t re n u n c ia ti o n .
TH E SO U N D H u no e a .
fl igh t of s te ps .
“
Joh n ! D o yo u h ea r m e ? Are you th e re ,
”
th e re ? Joh n ni e l
-
n n —
Th e wom a n spok e l o udly a d mo o t onously re tur ni ng with
o b vious pl ea sure to t h e word
“
Joh n (whic h was th e chor u s ,
l is t e ni ng wi t h a b e a m i n g fa c e a nsw e ri n g th e su m mo n s i n
—
, ,
an d chi ld re n fi nd pl ea su r e i n lis t e ni ng t o t he vo ic e s of ge e s e
—
,
crows or pe acocks a n d wh y do t h e y ta k e p l ea su re i n a t u m u l t
.
Th e re is o n ly o ne a nswe r vi z : Be ca us e t h e y l o v e noi se
,
Doe s h e lov e m u s i c fo r i ts o wn sa k e ? “
Be fore a nswe ri ng
t h is qu e s t ion l et us liste n a tt en t i ve ly t o a pi e ce of m usic and ,
pi ec e is i n quick ti m e w r i t e s L u s s y we insti nc t i v e ly m o v e
"
,
“
,
s e t o bea t
t i me . W e m ay h av e b u t l i tt l e m usica l i ns t i nct a nd ye t ,
th e m ov e m e n t s of sa ilors row e rs
"
e tc
, , .
t h e v show u n m is t a ka b l e e vid e nc e of a d e si re t o s ta mp t i m e
M ou n t l l an d e l as co m pos e rs a nd R u be ns tci n e tc as
co c i o u s , . , , .
, r form e rs
s h o we d e x t ra o rd i na r y po w er s i n ear ly ch il d h oo d Accord i ng to . dso n ,
a bi lity to ex ecu te i s d e pe nd e nt fro m t h e hy s ica l s tan d p oi n t on t he ea r l y
p
bu t ! arra nge m e n t o f th e n e r e ce v ll s.
Th e Hzlglze r Ha ng e r s 99
n o w an d g i n an d i f a qu ick mov e m e nt is pl ay e d to th e m
a a ,
“
J a ck a n d J i l l
W e n t up th e h i ll
”
To fe tch a pai l o f w a te r .
G er m a ns ca ll su ch po e t ry K l i nge l yri c .
B u t to re tu rn to o ur pi e c e o f m usic W e h ea r loud n o t e s
.
syll a bl es i n ve rs e a n d gi v e us bu t l it t l e no t ion of th e se n se o r
,
a l so th a t t h e so u nd s a re se p a ra t e d n o t o n l v i n t o b e a ts an d
d a —
ba rs but into grou ps ! a n th t t h e se grou ps lik e th e lin e s of
,
a po e m — a re h e ra ld e d by a cc e nt e d not e s o r syll a bl e s a n d e nd
,
ac ce nt e d n ot e s wh ich m a rk t h e ba r ,
“
but t h e y coi ncid e to
”
,
R h yt h m i ca l a cc e n t a ppe a ls to t h e i n te llig e n ce .
t oo T/ze H n/ze r H an
g er s
a nywh e re o n a cc e n t e d o r u n a cc e n t e d bea ts a t th e en d o r a t
, ,
m e t ri ca l a nd th e rhy t h m ica l a cc en ts Wh e n m a ny o f th es e
.
“
e l e ct e d no t e s follow o n e a noth e r th e pe rform e r h a s to
,
A l) m inor to E m ajo r
I t is a t thi s p i n t tha t the I m agi na ti o n h a i ng ce rta i n e l e m en ts a t i ts
o ,
v
SO NA T E P AT H ETl Q U E .
sa w .
f
s
T/ze s g/ze r Hu ng e r s 10 1
A Bo w A N D B EA U TI F U L D i s co a n r ao x
u w e M O O N L I GH T
SO NA T A .
t h e o th e r n e rv e s o f t h e body show a m a r k e d t e nd e n cy t o fa l l
,
b a c k o r ra t h e r t o re s t in m e ch a ni sm A s soon a s the e a r
.
, ,
a n d th is e v e nt i s m ar ke d by s d follow d by h s ni g
f a n e a a t e n
o f th e ti m e a cc e l h e i n cr e a se of sou nd a n d qu i ck e ni n g o f
( ) t
t e m po r e a ch in g its cli m a x i n b a r thr ee wh e re th e ope n i n g
,
o f cou rs e n o t ti m e bu t t h e m a rkin g o f ti m e m a
, ) y b e disp e n s e d
wi t h a ltoge th e r . Rhy th ms m a y b e dis t u rbe d . A l l m u st
gi v e wa y to e x pre ssi v e a cc e nt w hich is t h e cre a ti v e e n e rgy
, ,
e vi l
. I t i s a sy m pt om o f e x ub e ra nt vi ta lity a nd m e nta l e n e rgy ,
H e re th e n we h a v e th re e a cc e n t s :
Th e m e tric a l a cc e nt b e longi ng to t h e i nstinct .
Th e chi ld ,
or d ul t is ca pa ble of e njoying m usic only i n
th e a ,
a n d di s
q wi t hout t hough t o r t r a ining th e m os t s u b t l e
”
Roussea u wa s ri ght i n s a yi ng th a t it is sm a ll Chi ldre n h e ,
w ri t e s si ng wi t h l itt l e fe e li n g
,
So mono t onous is t h e voic e
.
l e ft to h i m se lf th a t te a ch e rs h a v e h a ste n e d to i mpose o n h i m
,
Yr
. M ar nu s o
f Eng - l and
Il l
10
4 Tl ze s gé er H an
g er s
Th e ti m e is pa rtly l e ft t o t h e re a d e r s w il l, so th a t i f
'
we
a dd e d m e lody t o th e wo rds som e pa ssa ge s m igh t b e gi v e n i n
quick ti m e a nd som e i n slow
, .
I ns t e a d of re a d i ng sim ply
Ye m a ri n e rs of E n gl a nd
h e wou l d b e gi n
m ar l a nd
Th e v o ice wou ld ris e a n d fa ll i n a rti fici a l i n fl e cti on s .
m e t re rhyth m or pa ce
, .
—
se mbl a nc e of a ni m a tio n is o n ly a se mbl an ce I m pre ssion .
d o n ot yi e ld to ca pric e i n yi e ldin g to th e m H o w a nd to
.
,
i ng h i m to conc e a l h im s e lf I n t he e l e m e nt a ry schools th e re 13
.
W h e n th e voi ce is no t tru e i t is fa ls e
, .
T/ze Hi ghe r H an
g ers 1 05
t h e voic e i n re a di ng i s qu i t e v icious .
u t o a re e
.
mov e m e n t .
”
I n no su bj e c t is his g re a t pri nci pl e i ll ustrat e d
m ore fo rci b ly t h a n i n t h e t ea ch i n g of si ngi ng a n d music .
I f t h e sa m e ai r o r a rrange m e n t s o f no t e s a re pl a y e d s t a cca to ,
Ma ny son gs are wr i tt e n wi t h t he i nt e n t t h a t t h e y
'
t h e no te s
.
sh a ll fi t t he mse l ve s to a n y se n t im e n t Th e m e rry a n d th e .
e xp e ri e nc e ) t o br e a k a w a y fr om m e re a u t o m a t is m an d h a bi t .
I h a v e al re a d y h e a rd accompa n i m e n t s pl ay e d b e a u t ifully by
you ng t e a ch e rs I f t h e s e you ng t e ach e rs w r e a llowe d t o go a
. e
n e w s e n s i t iv e n e ss a n e w d e m a nd
, I n s p i te o f a l l o u r m usica l
.
wh a t we m ay be a llow e d t o ca ll t h e l e t h argy o f t he ea r t h a n to ,
of o t h e r l a nds .
Al as ! W e h av e gi v e n li tt l e at te n t ion to i t ! O f la t e
y ea rs t h e re has b e e n a s t i rri ng an ag i t a t io n i n t he pri m a ry
,
a w a re t ha t t h e voic e bo x eS o f t he t e ns o f t h o us ands of t e a ch e rs
-
u n d e r th e i r a u t ho ri t y w e re i n a t oo l am en t a bl e s t a t e Th e .
I f th e voi ce is .
wi t h jo y th e t e n ta t iv e e ffo rt s m ad e by th e a u t ho ri t i e s i n
e l e m e nt a ry e d uca t ion t o i m p rov e th e voic e p ro duc t ion o f
t each e rs who h a v e i ni u re d t h e ir h ea l t h t h rou gh w rong
m e thods i t is w e l l t o 1 n s 1 s t t h a t only t eac h e rs t ra i n e d i n ri g h t
,
’
.
wa y for i t .
ly ric .
“
Th e od e to t he skyl a rk do e s n o t t ouch t he a ve age
bo y v e ry d ee ply Y e t t h e re are po e ms wh ich stir hi m Th e
—
. .
—
w ri te r kn e w a boy a pu pi l in W e llingt o n s o f d isti nc t ly ’
p re d a t ory i ns ti nc t s a n d t a s t e s wh o us e d t o re ci t e th e
La ys of A n ci e n t Rom e wi t h gre a t fe e l i ng a n d u nction
whi l e h e m e nd e d h i s fish ing t ackl e o r cl ea n e d his gu n i n .
t h e holid ays .
a pp rop ri t
a e O n e
.
— t h e l a m e n t of a fa t h e r ov e r his fi rs t bo rn -
pa re n t . A po e m on t h e d e a th o f a young gi rl m ad e so m e o i the
’
gi rl pu pi ls sa d wh e n t h e y r ea d it a t ho m e I n cl ass it h ad no .
“
wh en at l ast h e arriv e d s afe ly a t th e crash o f wu r r e l ds an d -
’
N o w t a k e o ne o f C a mpbe l l s poe m s :
I t was te n o f A pri l m o rn by t h e chi me ,
A s th e y d ri ft ed o n t h e i r pa th ,
Th e re w as s il e nce d e p as d e a th e ,
A n d the b ol d es t h e l d t h e i r b rea t h
F or a t im e .
”
H e re i s a pi e c e t h at would ap pe a l t o a l l I t is ful l of mo ve .
.
.
G i v e n sui ta bi li t y o r ti m e li n e ss i n choice of s e n t i m e n t a w e ll ,
A ytou n s
’
La ys an d M a ca ul ay s t he poe ms of C am p be ll
”
,
“ ’ ”
, ,
( h
’
t e , ,
t ri e d t o i nduc e m ana ge rs of a ll sh ad e s o f be li e f to g i ve t he
for m ativ e in fl u e nc e s o f Bi bl ica l e loqu e nce a nd poe t ry t o t h e
ch i ldre n o f th e pe opl e M a ke th e ge t ti ng by h ea rt a s e l e ctio n
.
o f th e fi n e s t Psa l m s a pa rt of t h e schoo l wo rk to be ,
su b mi tt e d t o i nsp e c ti on a nd to be s ee n i n its s t re ng t h o r w ea k
n e ss l ik e an y o t h e r So m e wi ll s ay th a t wh a t we propose i s
.
bu t a sm a ll use t o pu t th e Bi bl e t o : ye t i t is th a t o n which a l l
high e r u se o f th e Bi bl e i s to be bu i l t and i t s a dop t ion i s th e
,
only ch a nc e to sa ve th e o n e e l e v a t i n g a nd i n spi ri ng e l e me n t i n
t h e sc a n t y i ns t ruction o f o u r pri m a ry schools from b e ing s acri
i ts b e a u t y .M a n do e s n o t a d v a nc e wi t h re gul a r s te ps utte r ,
c ontr a ry ,
w e know th a t h is words g a i n cont e n t v e ry slowly
Tke H rjg/ze r H an
g er s 1 1 1
A r ec ogniti on o f th e i nfl u e nce o f t he m e re so u nd o f gr e a t
poe try doe s n o t i m pl y conte m pt for i ts d e e pe r m e a n ings .
d a ys .
r a t p ra is e fo r t h e ir singi ng
g e .
As a m a t t e r of fa c t t he e xp e rt i n chi ld si n gi n g oft e n d e cl i n e s
-
T HE em u ) AS AR TI ST .
H ow e v e r n e c e s sa ry t e a chi ng m a y b e a s a n a i d to a ctu a l
pe rform a nc e t h e re is n o doubt wh a t e v e r a s to chi ldre n s a p ~
,
’
“
h e obse rv e s th a t you ng ch i ldr en ca n a ppr e ci a t e th e be st i n
,
”
th is kind .
a rd u n lik e a n yt hi n g th a t i s s e e n in th e ordin a ry e l e m e n ta ry
school .
m a ny ar m mov e m e n t s D e fi a n t a tt i t ud e s ch a ra ct eri z e it A
-
. .
I t is more corre c t to sa y t h a t i t is v e ry l im it e d i n a i m a nd
ch a ra ct e r —a nd ca n co n tr i bu t e li ttl e or noth ing d i re ctly t ow a rds
t h e e thi ca l t ra i ning .
—
M a ri a Th is i s t he a rt of p rod i gi es l M oza rt com posed
a t thre e y ear s old M e nd e lssoh n a t fi v e H a d yn a t fou r !
, ,
an
y o t h e,
rs ”
sa ys Ri bo t Th e .crea ti v e e n e rgy ca n t h e re
s id
a
“ —
I t is tru e m usic gr ea t n e w fu ll of ch ara ct e r a nd
, , ,
po w er .
a t t h e a g e of fo u rt e e n. Th e G e ni us i s a n e xce ptiona l be i n g
bu t h e doe s n o t l i ve outs id e the re i gn of n a tura l l a w Th e .
“ ”—
d e scri b ed as som nol en t a kind o f h a sh ee sh wh ich e v en
“
n o ct u m e s
”
a nd
“
re v e ri e s ”
wi t n e ss At o u r S a lv a t ion.
pa in ti ng s ta tu a ry e tc i s s e t fort h i n d e ta i l Th e a rti st eh
, , .
, .
”
Wh a t we o we to h e r is n o t m e re ly t h e sl ee p but t he d rea m .
Th e i nducing o f th e t ra n c e is t he fi rs t co nd i t ion of t h e
h igh e s t ms t he t i c e njoy m e nt B u t th e fac t th a t it ca n be ea sily
.
— —
i nduce d i n m e re rhy t h m fo r e xa mpl e t h a t ca t chi ng e a sy
t u ne s ca n ac t as chlorofo rm t o us al l has p ro ba b ly i nd uced u s
t o re m ai n long on th e thre shold o f t h is a rt Th e t ru e functi o n .
of m usic is no t to t ic kl e t he e a r o r to l ul l th e se ns es but t o do
, ,
. .
R O M A N C t-
z .
—Th e myth m aking - i s oft e n call e d th e
age
a ni m a ls ta l k a n d t h e fore s t h as c a p r i ce s an d t h is id e n t i t y o f ,
be au t ifu l a nd e xp re ssi v e li k e t h e my t hs o f th e G re e ks Th e .
p e o pl e o f O c e a n i a b e li e v e t h at th e world is m ad e by spid e rs ,
l ife i n e ve ry t hing .
w at e r spi ri t s
-
‘
,
’
—
ge n i i of e v e ry o rd e r tra ve rs e d S wi t ze rl a nd
m a ny t i m e s bu t sa w n o be a u t y i n i t s a r cro s se d t h e A l ps
.
gr am m a r .
“
Th e G ree ks
”
sa ys Sch i ll e r
,
“
subli m e art is t s as ,
d ay d ri vi ng do wn a su bl im e p ass b e t w e e n s t e e p h il ls a n d
,
t h e m od e rn c ra z e fo r fi n e sc e n e ry is no t a c e n t u y old r — a nd is
con fi n e d t o a co m pa ra ti v e ly sm a ll se ct ion of t h e c o m m u n i tv .
More ov e r th e re is a no t e o f wea ri n e ss so m e ti m e s i n th e
e n t husi a s t s v o ic e a s h e d e sc ri b e s a sc e n e which b e t ok e ns l i tt l e
’
rea l ra p t ure “
.The spe c t acl e o f t ropica l v e ge t at ion a nd sce n e ry ”
,
m a n wi tn es si ng i t fo r th e firs t t i m e .
—
Th e proce s by which n at u re no t only h u m a n n atu re
s
h h —
is possi bl e t h roug t e I m agin a t ion wh ich h as t o be n o t on ly
th e
“
fore r un n e r o f re ason bu t th e fore ru n n e r a lso o f sy m pa t hy ,
a pp re c i a t ion an d ae s t h e t ic fe e li ng
, I t is t h e i mpor t a nce o f th e
.
my t h ma ki ng
-
I n th e ge n esis of my t h s s ays R i bo t th e re
.
”
, ,
ro m a n c e . P opl s of y a
e e d r nd —
cold im agi n a t ion such fo r
e xa mpl e a s t h e Rom a ns n e v e r re a ch t his poin t a t al l Th e
”
, .
—
i n B radfo rd an e xpe rt an d v e ry k e e n n a t ura lis t —who ta k e s
his pu pi ls ou t on school jou rne ys giv e s som e t e s t i m ony on t his
-
,
po in t wh ich i s of va lu e an d i n t e re st “
I n o soon e r b ega n to
.
t a k e ou t t he l o w e r s ta nd ard ch i ld re n th an I bega n t o se e t h at
t h e y h a d t h e i r o wn pe cu l i a r way of looki n g at n a t ure Th e y .
we re n o t a t h i rs t fo r s i e n t i fic tr u t hs : bu t t h e v no soon e r
c
1 1 8 7 71 3 Cid /ct as A r ti s t
b e ca m e a t hom e i n t he i r n e w e n vi ro n m e n t t ha n th e y be gan to
wish t o h e ar a nd e ve n to t e l l stori e s a bout e ve rythi ng ”
A nd .
close to th e ch i ldhood of to d ay i n so m e wa ys
-
H e re .
,
—
be au t y is lock e d u p i n t h is obscu re li t e ra t u re now i n d e m a n d
be ca use of the i mpo rt un iti e s an d d e l igh t of childre n “
Th e y
.
—
t h e m of sa i nts o r it m igh t be t o fo rm a ki nd of a lph a be t by
wh ich th e Di n n e M a k e r could commu n ica t e wi t h m e n J ust as
’
t he whol e wo rld o n ly i n re fe re nc e t o t h e i r o wn li fe Th e .
ra t ion a li s t ic m e n a n d wom e n of t o d ay -
V e rse s a re wri t t e n
.
which I h a v e h e a rd re ci t e d by li tt l e on e s s om e t i m e s i n t h e
lowe r s t a nd a rds .
TIn: C/zzta
’
A r t i st
'
as 1 19
I f you a l w y t iv
a s s r e to ac t
As o th d t y
e rs o o ou
You
’
ll b e
as bl cs t as i f the bes t
O f fa i ry t al es was t ru e .
”
Th e e vol u t i o n of th e m y t h an d of th e fa i ry ta le h as be e n
ofte n t rac e d Lit eratu re is a t ransfo rm e d mythology
.
”
The .
—
n ea re r to rea l i ty be com e s a t l a s t a fa m i l i a r be i ng Thi s .
”
th e re i n t h e more or l e ss flu id m e ta l of H is to ry Rol an d a nd .
i n t h o se wh o ha ve no t ye t l iv e d th e t a s te for H is t o ry c a n no t ,
A r ti s t
'
1 20 as
figu re is o ft e n d ra wn a t fi rst i n fu l l fa ce P e re z h as t ra c e d i t s
.
e volu t ion .
o f th e d ra wing of t h e e ye i s n o t no t ic ea bl e i n th e ful l fa ce -
t h e t wo b l a ck do t s i s e nou gh (T h e fu ll . fa c e is a l w ays t he
a t fi rs t as i n t his d rawing ) .
‘
The G ree k s r p re se n t t h e i de a l c hi l dh oo d f t he race
e Th i au th o rs
o . e r
w e m bl
r n
e o e a n th e r a
o H e rba rt re m i nds u i n th e i r M i l d/M are n Th e y
. s s, .
em a i ne d fa i th f l t t h fi r t m o d e l i n p l a t i c a rt
u o e s s .
n a Cat/d as A r tist 12 1
d ra w ings .
re p re s e n te d by m ass e d li n e s o r by a se ri e s of cu rv e s .
co un t t h e m H e pu t s si x se v e n o r e i gh t o n a h a nd i ndi s
.
, ,
c ri m i n a t e l y .
t h e h ea d a n d t orso a re un i t e d i t is n a t u ra l t h a t t he a r m s should
,
a t t h e m e re s t ra igh t l in e e poch fo r y ea rs
-
.
e xa m pl e is a gi rl s dra wing o f a d og
’
.
1 24 7758 C/zt/a
'
as A r ti st
t he tist s o wn contri bution
ar
’
. Th e spo n tan eo us dra wi ng th u s
i nvol v e s more th an t h e re ca ll of i m age s . H e re i s a
The subj e ct of th e
se con d dr a w in g is n o t m a n or a n i ma l ,
1 26 l e as
l e nt by M r A bl e tt a nd a
.
,
re copi s of
e t h e r producti
e o n
ch i ld l e a rn as a ch i ld e v e n crea te as a ch ild
, , .
a re possibl e .H ow th e n sh a l l we t e a ch Dra w i ng ?
To be gi n wi t h th e motor tra i n i n g All h a nd a nd e ye
,
.
e v en to h e l p th e ms l v e s by th e u e of dots
e s — a m e th od com mo n
a ft e r th e y h a d l ea rn e d t o d ra w l i n e s a ccu ra t e l y did h e p e rm it
th e m to go a st e p furth e r .
d s t h e r i g ht mov e m e nt I f i n t h e sa m e wa h l i ttl
fi n .
y t e , e ,
l e a rn e d to spe a k a nd to w a l k .
a circl e ,
a curv e e tc
,
w e l l j us t a s h e to d a y l e a rns w e ll a nd
.
,
F rom i nfa n c y th e
is e duca t e d u p to a ce rt a i n poi nt in
e ye
be conti nu e d i n school .
a c e n ti m e tre e tc
, Wh e n h e h as be com e fa m ili a r with t h e se
.
m eas u r e m e n t s t h e pa pe r is ta k e n a w a y a n d h e indi ca t es th e m
,
to a pp re ci a t e th e l e n gt h of o ne ce nti m e t re t h e n of two a nd , ,
La te r h e m a y be gi n to e st im a t e t h e l en gth o f t h e window
fra m e a nd th e door th e r e l a tio ns b e t w e e n t h e h e igh t a n d
, ,
di st an ce b e tw ee n h is h a nd a n d h is suckin g bo tt l e a nd be gi ns to -
,
“ ”
occu pa tions n o w so m uch i n vogu e a re c e rt a i nly unsuite d
to it . Enough h a s b ee n sa id a lre a dy how e v e r in t h is book , ,
d espise d t h e m a n ni ki ns I nd ee d a l l h i s tea ch i n g is d e si gn e d
.
an d fi n a l ly th e m od e l i n r e li e f wa s i n trod uc ed E ye tra i ni n g .
of a m e re ly m ech a n ic a l ki nd e nd ed h e re “
The pupils n o w .
“
s r ea a r t s —
Thi g t i t a ra re m an am ong ra re m e n fo r h e was not on ly a
g t ti
rea ar s t t
bu t a
grea thi nk e r
y xi t i m p — was t h ve r an o us o re s s o n ea c ers
th d ty f
e u f lly x m i i g t h fi g
o care u e hil d d w th i l t
a n n e u res c ren ra on e r s a es
d i ff b tw th hil d wh
.
H p i t d
e o n e t th f t th t th
ou ie ac a ere s a e re n ce e ee n e c re n o
d w ly p on fil d th
ro wh
es , an tt m p t t h t fig d i e re e -
g
ra o se o a ar e r ur es an va r o us
p ose s A . m g t h l t t
on m y b f e d ma y
erb d a
g ti t e I v y
oun an a
'
n ar s s . n e er cas e
th p
e s t d
o n an e ousw i g i i m p t
ra t I t
n i d w f m li f Th hil d i
s or an . s ra n ro e . e c s
i t t d i i t H will g l d ly li t t iti i m
n e re s e n .
'
e it
a It i p f s en o cr c s s on . s re e r
a bl e, i d L q t p k t t ti
”
sa e co ,
“
o d m k f m th
ro v o e hil d
a en o n an re ar s ro e c re n
on l bj t
rea o th th ec s , ra
p er t t i fan m d won i I t
re i res e n a o ns ro ra n s
p f b
re e ra l t t h
e t h o m t hea c g h th i e w d wi g f
ro u l g e r o n ra n s o rea
‘
n s see n
th an f m ro
p i I
cof f x
es. m p l hil , d d w
or e m i
a d i g h e, a c h ra s a an r n a o rs e e
wi l l gl d ly li t t iti i m th p p ti
a s en o cr c s d l k k on ly xt d y t
e ro or o ns , a n oo een ne a a
th i d i th t t
e r e rs n e s ree .
T/ze Cai l d as A r ti s t 1 3 1
a n ar r es t th e y ma d e poss ibl e — wh a t w a st e of t i m e ! Le t us
re tu rn to th e m a n n i ki ns l
Th e pu pi l s are dra wi ng the h um an fa ce a subj e ct wh ich ,
m od e ls o f a ni m a ls w e re u sed O n ly l a te r i nd e e d w ere
.
ful l fa c e s an d h ea ds gi v e n o ft e n a s mod e ls Bu t th e gr e a t .
of i t from t he fir st .
progr e ssi on .
a cq u i re d pow e r to dr a w i t w e ll on t h e p a rt of t h e child re n ,
b ut b e ca u se th rough t he st udy o f i t th e po we r to d e a l w i t h
'
‘
Th e re is no d o u bt h
l pt d m d l tt t hil d m th
t a t s cu u re o e s a rac c re n o re an
p i t
c u res , o r a t l t m
e as h o re t
g v i g A
an e n d th
ra i al li ttl d bt
n s . n e re s so e ou
th t p i t
a c u res o fm d
en an im l an g t d l m i t ti g t th m
a s a re a rea ea ore n eres n o e
th anl d an sca p es . T h b tl e ff
su t d f e
g i t
e i li
e c s an f l d p d u ve nes o an sca e o
n o t a ppea l t o c hil d wh
re n , l l v ly t h d m ti
o as a r u e , o e on e ra a c .
Tizc C/zi i a '
as A r tist 1
33
a c conven ti oa a l a r t of w r i ti ng a s a n om i n ou s s i gn I n h is o wn .
a n a la ru m b e l l
"
W e h a ve s e e n i n som e schools dra wi ngs
.
re su l t s .
“
Th e ch i ldre n l e a rn from o ne a noth e r "
th e y ,
cr
y . T h e t e a ch e rs how e v e r who u n d e,rs ta nds t h e pri n ci pl e s,
H e wil l point o u t to hi m th a t h e m us t b e — fi rs t o f a l l a nd
a bov e a ll — h i mse lf “
.
y e t i t is d u ri ng childhood th a t w e g a in o r r a t h e r fi nd wh a t , ,
ac t i vi t y be co m e s so w e l l o rg a n is e d t h a t we conc e rn o u rs e l v e s
,
a rt is t a c t s on h is o wn i m p re ssions a n d a b ov e a l l on his n ew i m ,
ht i h fi B t thi
v ,
r , . s o
n ot be ta ug l i
n i g wy f
sc ot co u n s e ru n n n a ro m
l ti — t f i g f th m
s . u s s a a
d iffi cu a C hil d
no a ti t p
ac n d i m pl o e . ren a re a r s s u re a n s e . If
th y
e tb d td
ca n no t i t th i
e l m t y d ti h l d
e uca e as ar s s e r e e e n ar e uca on s ou be
b d d l B t th y
a an on e b d t d A t t hi g m t b
u e l ti ca n e e u ca e . r e ac n us e re vo u o ne d
b t
u t d t y d
no e s ro e
1 34 T/ze Clzi l d as A r ti st
is ssen t i ally the growi ng pe ri od of l i fe F or gro wth and v i ta l ity
e .
r e la ti v e ly cl ea r An d th e ve ry si mplicity of n er ve s t ru ctu re
.
“
An d n o w th e qu esti on aris e s Are th e se store d m e mori e s
,
l ate n t powe r ? ”
Ye s t h e y do , T h at is why t h e y are us e fu l
.
m e re re p rod uc ti o ns .
“
Th e fi rst e l e m e n t in th e c rea t ion of a n e w my t h says ,
Ri b o t ,
i s fusio n or co m b i n a ti on
”
Th e first e l e m e n t i n th e
.
“ ”
obj e cti v e e l e m e n t m ay be drow ne d i n im age s tra nsfo rm e d , ,
—
Th e use of re ca l l im age s is a t fi rst v e ry fre e almost e x u be
-
a nge ls wa te r spri te s
,
-
, e tc .
,
e tc .
1 3 6 7758 Cai la
'
as A r ti s t
TH E n a s r co m m !
Th e bov e is
a a fa nci ful d ram ng by a li tt l e gi r a tru e
'
l —
chi ld s d ra wing She sho ws t h e e n t ra nc e o f a l i tt l e child i n to
’
Tit o C/zi /d as A r ti s t 1 37
t he w orld in her o wn way H e re i s th e cloud of a nge l face s
.
-
,
Th e chi ld re n li k e t h e m La t e r t h e re i s a t e nd e ncy t o l e t
.
,
of R e al ism .
h ea rt is i n t h e m ! c ri e s A rréa t
” “
Th a t which a t trac t s t h e m
.
an a t omy fo r h is pu pils
“ ”
. N a m e s u ch an d such a m uscl e .
‘
“
Wh at i s th e an a t o m y o f t h is proj ec t ion ? Expl ai n t he
a n a t omic a l c a use s of t h e ch a nge s of for m re sul t ing from such
Th e se an atomi ca l studi e s e n d as do al l th e re s t wi t h ,
vi s u a l ” ci ta ti on s Wh a t i s l ea rn e d mus t be l e ar ne d by h e a rt
,
.
th e q ue s t ion .
M th e e y e s is
Tbe 6 d 1
2 as A r ti st t 3o
H e re i s a m e mo ry d ra wing by a gi rl of thir t ee n re —
pres e nti ng t he ar ti st s own li tt l e sist e r s eat e d b e fo re the
’
n u rse ry fi re .
ki nds ar e re pr e se n t e d a nd co m bi ne d i n t h e picture I t is a .
L e co q t vi l it ti l
su gg es s as o n e f x m l m d l f
su a re c a on es s o n , or e a e a o e o
f w
a l yi g w i t h i tnm th T h p p il h d l o i d
ert h u s an e an co ns er e
h —l t th y t k
a p n a s . e
mo d l f
e or an our i t a er , li i g f w
e d
a e oc cas o n o s ee a v n a n an
mo h — Th h vi g d th l d i d d th d i ffi lt
t u h th j i t x t m iti t w ll —th y d w t h i m l f m
t er . en , a n co n n e e e s so n , an co n s e re e cu
a r o n s, e re es , e c . , e e ra e an a s ro
p s s c as e
m y — h p p il b i g w
,
me or e ac d g i t i m it ti
u e n d d f m it
ar n e a a ns a on , an se cu re ro
as f
a r as
p i b l os s e .
T/ze Clai ld as A r ti s t
T/ze C/i zld A r ti s t
'
as I 4!
i s v e ry m ar k e d i n th e l ight li te ra tu re o f to d a y ! th a t i s i n
-
,
ve ry ca re ful re pre se n ta ti on s o f ch a ra ct e rs a n d ph a s e s o f l i fe
o b serve d b y th e w ri t e r . I n form e r da ys a fl ow e ry e p i stol a ry
styl e wa s de " ge ar” for a l l forms of light litera ture To d a y .
”
“
Al th o ugh it i s tru e th a t ea ch o bse rves tn a way pe c u l ia r to hi mse l f ,
To w ri te pl a i n ly wh a t o ne fee ls to re po rt fa i thful ly wh a t on e ,
se es a re l a te r id e a ls .
e v e r a ft e r t h a t
”
B ut of th e grea t dra m a o r mod e r n n o v e l
.
,
”
we sa y I t could n o t h a v e e nd e d oth e rwi se
, .
I t is ti m e to p la c e th e whol e qu e s t i o n of th e a rt pe riod of
li fe a n d t he t ra in i ng ad a pt e d t o i t a n d possi bl e t o you ng
, ,
, . o ,
o f E ggl es to n he no te d d o w n e ve n t h e pe c u li a r li t tl e wil d fl w e rs a nd h er bs
, o
th a t a c ci d e n ta l ! g re w ro u nd a nd o n t h e s i d e f a bo l d c rag near hi s i nt en d e d o
ca v e , a nd h l p yi g th t h w
co u l no t t t b e th i hi
sa n , a as e as no o e o n oa n s
w k d i i vi l t d p i m
or , a s es , w ld b o e s p e ti l an
y f th
r r oses ou e as o ca as an o e
h m b l pl t h w x m i i g I l gh d i h t t hi
u er an s e as e a
p l n n . au e ns or a s sc ru u o usn e ss ,
b t I
u d t d h i m wh h
un ers oop li d th t i t tw en w e re e , a n na u r e no o sc e n es e re
ex ly li k nd th t wh
ac t a p i
e, a d t ly wh t w ba f h i y w l
oe v e r c od e ru a as e o re s e es ou
H e rb art whose cri t ica l a nd com pre h e n sive m i n d was far e n o ugh
re mov e d from t h a t of th e a rti s t s a w t h a t t he s pi ri t of
,
n a r rat o r
. Bu t gi v e t o t h e m a n i n t e re sti ng s t ory rich i n
i n cid en ts re la t ionsh ips cha ract e rs st ri c t ly i n acco rd a nc e wi t h
, , ,
p re m ea te s t h e mod e rn school I t is
. ra mp a n t i n t h e cl ass
first th a t h e re ce i ve s by wa y of th e optic ne rv e a t ,
t h e v isu a l c e ntre a n ,
e xc e ption a lly fi ne ,
a n d full ra i n of i m
s e condly t h a t h e
t ra n sforms t h e s e i m
pr e s s i o n s r e a d i l y
in t o ce rta in a pp ro
p ri a te mov e m e n ts
t h rough th e m e di u m
of l in e colou r or , ,
wr i tt e n words Th e .
i mp re ss ions e n te r
t he bra i n as vi bra
tions e n er gy Th e y
,
.
a re r e c e i v e d a t t h e
v isu a l c e n t re w hi c h ,
m a y be c a ll e d t h e
ca p i t a l of th e
p a in te r s o r wri t e r s
’ '
bra i n a nd t h e y a re
,
t o be tra n sfor m e d
in t o a ppropri a t e
ca n h e l p t ow a rds
t h i s rea l i za t i on ?
O nly the v igo ur
a nd r i c h ne s s o f
t he origi na l te m
pe ra m e n t — th e m an
a nd h i s ge ni u s “
Tbs C/zi l a '
as A r ti s t 1 45
of a gr ea t r ea s o n er a nd ph ilosoph er lik e T a in e or H u m e o r , ,
The ch ild i s a l li ed to th e a rt i st (w i t h a l l re sp e ct to th e l a t t er
b e i t sa id ) t hrough h i s sim plici t y h i s pov e rty H is bra i n
, .
a re t h e tr u e inspir e rs of t ea ch e rs ! Wh a t th e n a re we to
thin k of th e a tte m pts a t a rt tra in in g o ffe re d to d a yin th e -
a nd g a v e hi m pl e n ty of fl a tt e ry a nd e n o rm ous fee s Ev en .
t h e whol e tru t h .
a n d t h e p a i nti n g of pict u r e s .
’
t h e king o f C hildhood s world H e i s hi m se lf i n t h e words of
.
Fl e ury ,
“
a subli m e ch ild
”
Th e sci e ntis t no longe r b e l on gs
.
gre a t a rt in e l e m e n t a ry cl a ss roo m s -
.
M oza rt re e a l e d h i s c re a ti ve po w er a t th ree H ad y a a t fo u r S ch u be rt a t
v , ,
e l e v e n Gi o tt o a t ten R a h a e l a t e i ht
, p , g G re u ze a t e ig ht Van, D y c k and ,
M i ch ae l l
A ng e o a t t hi t
r een .
T/ze C/zi /a ’
as A r ti s t 1 47
t ea ch er of th e you n g .
A nd on ly wh en th is ki n sh i p is a d m itt e d ca n th e p owe r an d
fu n ctio n of a rt i n e l e m e n t a ry e duc a tio n b e fully a pp r e ci a t e d ,
an d t h e sc a tt e re d t ea c h i n g s of such g re a t t h e orists a s F ro e b e l
,
or l e ss p e rfe ct syst e m .
C H A PTE R V I I
T HE C H ILD as A R TI ZAN
—
it h a s a ne w e fll ore sce nce d i fler i n g from t h e i m a gi n a tion of
chi ldhood — but e x ube ra nt Th e n i n m iddl e l ife th e ill usions
.
re pr e se n ts th e ca se of ce rta in pe rso n s pu re I m a gi n a
ti v e s
,
”
Ri bo t ca lls t h e m —i n whom t he i n v e nti v e and cre a ti v e
pow e r re m a ins to th e e nd v i va cious a nd a cti v e a s i n youth .
de flati o n or com pl e te ch a ng e of wo r k an d m a t e r i a l Th us .
to sa y th er e i s devi ati on n o t i n t h e c a s e of a fe w bu t o f
, , ,
ne a rly a l l ch i ldre n
‘ .
”
pra cti ca l m a n who d iscov er s a n e w wa y of light i ng or
v e n t ila ti on ca n h a v e n othing i n common wi t h th e m u sici a n
, ,
th e pa i nte r a nd rom a nc e r
,
Ye t th e re i s id e ntity of n a ture i n
.
‘
Th e bi ography manof
g y
rea p t hil h
os o p e rs a n d sc en s s s o i ti t h w th t th y
a e
g a veli l i d
t t e n i ca t h
i o n m c h tl d hood o f t e i r po
.
w
e rs , o r a t e a s a os el t th t th
t th w i k wi h regar d t o H u m e s m o er
t th
’
n ea res to em e re m s ta e n t he m
b li v d h i m to be a d u ll D a r n s fa t e r a n i ci pa te l e from
wi h t d ittl
’
e e e b oy .
him .A nd a t e v e I saac N e
tw l wt
o n w as a cco u n te a d a nce d .
T/ze Ch i ld as A r tis a n 1 5 1
i n th e pl a nn i ng m u st m e a n fa i l u re I n th e working i t m a y
.
e v e n m ea n d ea t h.
a rt e n a h a mm e r fo rg e d in t h e iron wo r k ce n tre we m i h t
-
g , g ,
*
e lbow a n d h an d i ndica te d H e re a re substi t ut e s for l ungs a nd
.
So m e m ac hi nes h
a v e n o t on ly f t b
ee ut an kl es
Ti re C/zzl d A r ti s a n
'
1 5 2 as
syst e m e tc ,
I ts m a k e rs h a v e i mita te d l ife
. Th e y h a v e
.
whil e m en v e ry oft e n do th e wo rk o f m a ch in e s N o w o nd e r .
t h a t work m e n h a v e h a t e d t h e m as i f th e y w e re a li v e .
Th e ge ni us t h a t c re a t e s m ach in e ry is no t quit e al i e n t o
t h a t wh ich do e s not a tt e mpt to r ival l i fe bu t only t o i n t e rpre t i t
,
.
g r e a t i nv e n t o r a n d t he g re a t a rtist to be t wi n b r o th e rs ! -
I n t h e
Ho m e ric po e m s V u lca n t he i nv e n t o r an d M i n e rv a ga ve a l l
, ,
n e x i o n b e t w e e n t he a r ti s t ic a n d t h e i nd us t ri a l for m s of cre a t i v e
wi t h th e i nn e r (Comp
. a r e t h e dr a wi ngs of t h e ch i ldr e n i n t h e
as A r l zs a n 1 53
Fre sn e l at n in e m a d e e xp e ri m e n t s wi t h a rch e s o f wo od
, , ,
H u mph re y Po tt e r a m ac h i ne m i nd e r a t t w e lv e m a d e
,
a
,
t he bl u e bo rn t o d is t rac t by a ch a nc e which no m an
,
—
t hi n gs to i nve n t o r a t l e as t t o i m i ta t e t he i nv e n t ions of
, ,
o t h e rs Th e arti zan pe ri o d l i k e th e a rt pe ri od i s a ti m e of
.
o
,
-
,
n e w opport u n i t i e s t o t h e t ea ch e r .
a h a ll of fa n t a sy S t i l l l e ss is t h e workshop or t h e forge
.
wo rk a d ay wo rld t h a n i n a ny o t he r wor ld An d t h is i s re
- -
.
Ass um ption o r L a bu t H e h a s no t i n v e n t e d ,
powd e r .
ca n a ffi rm
”
s a i d o n e i n v e n t o r t h a t for m e th e co nce p ti on of
,
“
, , ,
wi t h a n e w ki nd of gu n ”
E moti on wi ll s ti mu la t e a n im al s to
.
h i s y ea rn i ng d e si re to go a n d pl ay in t h e s t re e ts wi t h o t h er
boys !
I n mod e rn schools e v e ry n ee d see ms to be m e t i n a ra t h e r
fa t a l way M uch a tt en ti on is giv e n to t h e provisio n of
.
—
poi nt of vi e w and ye t t h e re i s a sh adow sid e to al l this am pl e
prov i sio n an d a v e ry d ark sh ad o w sid e i t is too The i nv en ti v e
,
.
—
H ow can an i mm a t u re m i nd follow a l l t h e se u nd e rs t an d
a n agg re ga te of discov e r i e s a n d a ch i e v e m e nts ? I t i s l i ke
a d i ffi cul t book wh ich t h e young l e a rn e r h as not l e a rn e d t o
,
by the ch i ld re n t h e m se lv e s I nst e ad of m a ki ng th e ms e lv e s
.
t he i nd us t ri a l world Th e ir s t ea m ploughs a nd s t um p e x
.
-
,
-
o f m a t e ri a l l i fe e v e n t h e worki ng c l a ss o f A m e r i c a l iv e i n
,
a t t i m e s on p r i m a r y d e si re s—
, o u p ri m itiv e n e e ds I n summ e r .
,
an d m a d e boo ks fro m th e ba rk of t re e s La t e r t h e r e m a y b e .
,
by fe e li ng th e spu r o f p ri m i t i ve n e e ds .
t o l iv e wi t h mo re co m fort mo re lu xu ry H i s wa nts h a v e no t
, .
Le t us su m up in wo rd a l l t h a t i s m e a n t by t h e ph ra se s
a fe w
“ ” “ ”
t h e a rt an d a rti za n p e riods o f li fe .
wid e n e d .
“
Th e m ajo ri t y of n e w functions ”
sai d Esp i nas , ,
be i n n e e d .
Tire C/zzl a
'
as 1 57
—
Th e chi ld d e spit e th e i nfl u e nc e s of his m od e rn e n vi ro n
—
m ent re trac e s th e journ e y of th e race Noth in g j usti fi e s us .
, .
t
Ye t th e po e s m a e k th l ly t
ese o ve ll
ro u vai es s l 2 ti l
A bea u tifu e a m p e o f is i s to be fo u n d i n Lo ngfe o s E va ng e i ne
l x l th ll w l
’
L oo k a t th i l t h t li
i s v go ro us p a n t a fts i ts ea d fro m the m ead o
h w
l d th
Se e ho w i ts eaves are t urn e to t h e no r , as t rue as th e m agn e t
Th w th t
i s i s the com pas s flo e r , a th e fi nge r o f God has
p an e l td
H e re i n th e o use l es s d to d rec the ra ve e rs o u rne
h wil i t t ll j ” '
yl
1 5 8 Tlze 672s as A r ti s a n
a nd d ark e ne d th e wisdom of m any of he r so n s H e r gr ea t es t .
a n c e b u t t h e s e cre t of t h e
“ ”
,
sa n e sw ee t ch e e rful ne ss of t h e
,
G re e k was ne v e r sh a re d by th e m .
are bu t p oo r sh e l t e ri n g pl a c e s wh e re th e sm ok e of t h e pea t fi re
,
—
in th e i sl an ds n o t hi ng t o re m i n d th e i s la nd e r th a t h e ha s
n e v e r be co m e an a rti za n H e is a s ea m a n it is tr u e — bu t a l l
.
h e rring Th e y e v e n dig th e oa t a nd po t a to e pa t ch e s as w e l l
.
as do t he work of t h e hom e s .
sorrow
“
This re pre s en ts a t yp e som e will sa y A s a m a tt er
.
”
, .
D a l t on sa id “
so e duca bl e a n a n i m a l t ha t it is d i fli c u l t to
, ,
a t t h e sa m e ti m e s o th e y m ay no t li nge r in th e w ak e industri a l ly , ,
of o th e r m e n .
hl e m s of h um an de sti n y a re co nc e rn e d wi th t he in fl u e n c e of
a rts whi ch we ha v e ignore d a n d wh ich m a ny ca nn ot ye t
b ea r to h ea r m e n ti on e d i n con n e ction wi th t he e d u ca ti on of
w o rki ng cl a ss ch ildre n ! Squ a lid hom es neg l e ct e d pow e rs
-
, ,
w orthy th e n a m e ) , po i n t n o l esson to ma ny I n th e ir h as t e .
by m e n . B ut t h e l ife o f an a rt i zan s wi fe t o d ay i s no t v e ry ’
—
o
She i n ve n ts no mo re p e rh a ps s h e i nv e n t s e v e n l e ss t h a n d id
h e r gre at gra ndmoth e r
-
A s for e d ucatio nal a u t hori t i e s t h e y
.
,
m e t h ods Li t tl e i s l e ft t o t h e ir ow n i n iti a ti v e F e w i n v e n t
. .
any t hi ng .
”
ru l e how e v e r i n th e fi e ld of ori gi n al re s e a rch Ev e n i n art .
,
“
says Arres t wom an has not ope n e d out an y n e w tra ct
,
TH E C O M M E R C I A L SC H O O L
t u rn e d in th e di re ctio n o f busi ne ss l ”
a l l h a lf t im e rs a n d wo rk a t th e m i ll
-
, Bu t m an y of th e y ou n ge r
.
on e s u na bl e to e a rn m o n e y i n th is const i t u t i o n a l way se l l
, ,
m en t . Th e t e a ch e r s re p or t th a t th e s e s m a l l buye rs a n d s e ll e rs
an d e m ploy e rs of l a bou r are m u ch bri ght e r a n d q u ick e r i n
s ch o ol wo k t h a n
r a r e t h e h lf t i
a m e r —
s e v e n t h o u gh t h e l a tt e r
-
I :
1 62 Té e Com m e r ci a l 5 5 600!
a re us ua lly mu ch be tt e r fe d a nd c om e from a m ore re sp e c ta bl e
,
*
cl ass of home .
ad a p t hi ms e l f i n h is d ea l i ngs wi t h i t as t h e re su lt o f e xp e ri en ce , .
“
th at chi l d re n displ ay a pow e r of b ri n gi ng co m mon se n se
‘ ’
A v e ry s en sibl e child
”
s a id Ca rpe n t e r, wi l l o ft e n grow in t o ,
”
a m uch l e ss se nsi bl e m an F e w i nd ee d i f an y of the chi ld re n
.
,
Th e i t th m ill l f hi l d
aga ns t w lm tas a ace or c re n , re s s no
pth
case e a os
en ti ly th m t s t
re on e l ym t
o n o o n ou N w m th d
na ure 0 f e o en . e e o s o
sa nit ti
a d gonl ti f p
an t ti re f
u a j v
o ns il m ill h
or d d t
ro ec on o u en e an s o no
t h th i f t —th t th
ou c s d ft k m k
ac a e ll th i iti ti v f
ro u n o as s a es n o ca on e n a e o
th e y gw ko un T h p
or t t
erh t.t h b i
e acg ht t hil
e rs d b o
re m or a e r es c re n ec e
d ll wh th y t th f t y
u en e en er e a c or .
Ti re Com m e r ci a l 5 5 12001 1 63
no
“
Psychology of Sci en t ists and Philosoph e rs i n e xiste nce
”
a s ye t b u t al l t ha t ca n be ga t h e r e d fro m bi ography re po rt a nd
, , ,
fe w if an y a mon g t h e m h av e di m m e d t h e i r l a u re ls t hrough
, ,
e n t husi as t s i ts asc e t i cs
, wh o pro fe ss i ng n o fa i th w e re ready
, , ,
for an y tria l .
h i s ow n l ife i n o rd e r to m i n is te r to t h e a m bi t i o n o f h i s
wi fe or th e a spi rat ions of h i s d a ugh t e rs
, A n d th e sa m e .
ca pa bl e d e t out .
”
C a pa bl e of cru e l t y of d e c e i t p e rh aps bu t
, ,
id e a li s t s
.
”
I n Engl an d R o be rt O w e n o ffe re d an il lus t ra tion
of how fi nanci al a bili t y a nd i n ve n t iv e n ess m ay e asi l y shi ft i ts
a i m fro m th e p e rso na l to th e soci a l from t h e sph e re o f fa mi ly
,
i n ter e s t s to t h a t o f public i n t e re s t .
pe rh aps e v e n i n e vit a bl e .
1 65
h av e t o be d e a l t wi t h se pa ra t e ly an d pe rson a ll y a s i n a nci e n t , ,
w a rfa re A nd at e v e ry mo m e n t t he t ra d e sm a n i s e x pose d to a
.
wa s fire d by t he si g h t o f a h e lm e t an d sh i e ld on a knight s
’
t h e pu pi l is pr e p ared to ta k e posse ss io n as i t w e r e of th e n e w , ,
a bl e va l u e
*
Le t t he t e ach er (i t goe s wi t hout s ay ing th a t h e
.
D i cta t i o n a nd Rec i ta ti o n a re as we h e se e n i n po rt n t i n D ra wi ng av a .
1 66 n a Comm er ci a l Scl roo/
e tc.
,a re n e ce ss a ry ! an d
ye t non e of t h e s e d ire c t ly ta k e i n t o
a ccou n t t h e n a tu re o f t hose h u m a n r e l a t io ns hi ps i n which t h e
sm al l e r m e rch an t s “
a re l i ars a n d hypo c r i t e s i n b u si ne ss
,
an d hypocr it e s by a pe rc en t ag e of n i n e ty n i n e i n o n e h u n dred
,
-
,
a i m th a n t h at i n comm e rc e ?
—
fu l st te th e e n rich m e n t o r u plift i ng of th e h e l pl e ss m asse s
a
m o ra l n a t ure .
C H A PTE R IX
I M AG IN ATl O N i t: T HE SC E I N E ROO M C -
forge tti n g : not a cquisition a lone but a lso a ppa ren t loss
,
.
’
F e w sa va g e s h a v e t h e gi ft of c a rrying a pict ure i n th e m i nd s
e ye a nd fe w ch ild re n as we h a v e see n ca n r e produc e forms
, , ,
” “
of spee ch ,
sa id o ne th a t I ca n d e scrib e my r e coll e cti on o f a
,
l e ss th a t th e powe r
,
o f vi su l re p e se n t a tion fee bl e a s it is
a r
1 68 e n re r oom
o
m e m be r a t will J ust i n th e sa m e wa y we m a y l e a rn to d ea l
.
a n d m a s te ry b e t te r D a lton h i m s e lf d e cl a re s t h a t t h e pow e r
.
b u t subord in a t e d .
i n th is th a t th e form er c a n s ee th a t which i s i n vi si bl e to
,
th e oth e
. r — H e ca n co nc e i v e mov e m e nts a n d for m s th a t
a re b e yond m e re physica l v ision To D a lto n fo r e x a mpl e th e
.
” “
e ye , sa id Ty nd al l ca n not s ee th e co nd e n sa ti o ns an d ra re
,
st u d y of th e e m a n a tions of ra d i um ”
B u t one of th e most.
se en t h a t t he ch i ld is no h istori a n i n th e mod er n se n se — 4 ha t
history is an a rt for h i m n oth ing m ore , H e doe s no t s ee .
h p st it r o fi l a nds
'
t e a a s was H e. h as no t r u e v isi o n of fa ~
,
u ns ee n peo pl e be t te r B ut h e r e a li z e s th em through t h e s a m e
.
fra nchi se m e nt “
The mor e a tt e ntio n I gi v e to th e prope rti e s
.
of n u m be rs sa id on e of th e see rs of n u mb e r forms t h e
”
,
“ -
,
to th e m m a n y fa r r e a ch i n g succ e ss e s m a y be tra c e d Ve ry .
i nd e pe nd e n t of m a th e ma ti cs bu t t he m a te ri a l on wh ich h is
.
,
i mp re ssio n s .
'
Wh a t e ve r the sci en ce how e v e r t he work er s a ct i viti e s fa ll , ,
The sci e ntist who crea te s a n h ypoth e s i s the littl e chi ld who ,
—
s te p ve ri fi ca ti o n — re a so n is pa ra mo u n t but i m a gi n a t ion is
not a bse n t .
’
l t
A co m p e e t t t th m th d f b gi i g with th
con ras t
o i e e o o e nn n e co n cr e e s
be fou nd i nth t f M S t l li g T m T l l i k pi g '
to a t t o wh r. e n , o u ve r s u o r, o, ee n
l ly t b t t
c ose o fi lly v d v y i t ll ig t b y t h t E li d
a s rac i o ns , na co n i nce it er n e en o a uc
w as ly mon f t t
a d l ft h i m q t p w l
ea ns o t t th
or ure , a n e ui e o er es s o co n n ec e
th a t t he t a ki ng of m ea ns wh e re by th e i m a gi na ti on of ch ild re n
shou ld be su ppli e d with m a tm a l s i s stil l qu it e n e gl e ct ed
’
~
It i s wh e n we com e to th i nk of the se co nd s te p i n crea ti v e
a c t i vi t y th a t we se e grou nd for d i sm a y A re we h e l pi n g .
“ ”
ch ildre n to conj e cture to crea t e for th e m se l ves th e
, ,
pu l se .D r in a ny ca se t he h el p we ca n g i v e is of a .
v e ry n e ga t i v e ki nd W e ca nn ot b e stow i m a gi na tion a s a gi ft
.
’
.
no longe r blind “
Ed uca tio n as a t pre sen t cond uc t e d sa id
.
”
,
ea sy to s ee wh a t t h e fu nc t ion of t h e t e a c h e r is a n d t h e school , .
se t th e
“
h unte rs on t h e r ight t ra ck a nd of t h e school to
,
g r e s s e s through hi s o wn mi st a k e s no t t hrough be in g p r e
se rv e d t h e ra ce w e ll J ust i n t he sa m e wa y th e il lusio n s of
.
ch i ldhood se rv e ch ildre n w e ll Th e i r wi ld e s t co nj e ct u r e s
.
'
c r ea t e d m e thods gu id e th e m e v e n wh e n th e y a re fa lse
I l l u s i ons a nd mist a k e s a re a p a rt a s P a sca l d e cl a re d o f e v er y
, ,
,
—
fuln e ss m thod th e n ee d fo r th e s e i s recogni ze d mo re or
e
a nd coll e g e s wh e re t h e you ng te a ch er s l e a rn w ha t th e y h a v e
ra w pow e r of e a ch individu a l mi nd .
s e rv a ti o n of m a n y a nd i s be l i e v e d to h a v e be en d e stroy ed by
,
“
Tynd a ll e v en
,
i n sci e nce who r e ga rd i m a gi na tion a s a
fa culty to b e fe a re d a nd a void e d ra th e r th a n e m m o yed
”
.
di ti o n s so th a t m a ny c ea se to r ecogn i se i t i n wh a t s ee m ve ry
,
t h a t m a k e s a dv a n c e e v e ry wh e re possibl e It is still th e .
som e W e a re t e mpte d to h us t l e th e m a lo ng th e pa t h of
.
l ea rning threa t ns t d y to
e o a be e i —
suppr ss v e to d e ge n e ra t e
into a m e re m e ch a nica l re c e ption of fa c t s a nd ta bul a tion of
.
se q u en c e s 8 0 th a t g e n i us i ts e lf m a y b e smoth e re d by
.
by a ll pu pi ls in a ll th e e l e m e nt a ry schools th e re ca n b e
,
no re a l pre pa ra t i on on th e p a rt of a n y n a tion fo r th e u se of
“ ”
th e costly a rm ou ry wh ich i s to b e fu rnish e d forth to t h e
a dv a nc e d stud e nts
. M e thods of inv e ntion c re a tion a n d d i s
, ,
co v e ry ca n n e v e r b e t a ug h t
.
B ut th a t ch ildre n m a y h a v e t h e i r pow e rs of i nv e nt i on
a nd discov e ry w e a k e n e d by su ppre ssi v e m e thods of e a r l y
t ra i ning we h a v e littl e re a son to do u bt
.
C HA PT E R X
I MA GI N A TI O N AN D M O R A L r aa m mo
th e to p we ha ve
,
moral t a l e n t a nd mora l g e n i us
“
,
I t is .
oth e rs .
“
Th rough ca us e s of wh ich we a re ign ora n t sai d ”
,
rz
1 78 Im ag i n a ti on a nd M or a l Tr a i n i ng
do n ot f tly
eel , e xa c
a s th e po e t o r t h e p a i n t e r fe e l an d se e wha t
o r l e ss n e w more or l e ss u n e xp e c t e d
, I n som e cas e s th e .
mo re t e l li ng t h a n in th e moral s ph e re .
ways O ne d ay a m e m be r of th e cl ass t h re w an i n k po t at
.
hi m r u i n i ng i n so doi ng th e cl ea n n e w shi r t w hi ch h e
,
—
conduc t am az e d t he boys I t was u n e xpe c t ed i ncon ce i va bl e !
.
—
N ega t ions a R e ligion of N ega tio n *
O n e m ay compa re it to
.
th e m a ny ru l e s of t he ea rly cr a ft sm a n Th e comm an d Do no t
.
,
y e w ou l d th a t t h e y should do to you ”
W i t h
. t h e e n u n ci a t io n of
t he latt e r t h e fo rm e r ru l e s be ca m e su pe r fl uous
,
F ea r whi c h .
,
from t i m e i mm e mori al h ad d e t e rm in e d th e at ti t ud e a nd re la ti o n s
,
“
I t beg i ns I have no t bee n i d l e I ha ve no t
“
, w yl id I h v
a a , a e no t
” “ ”
Evolu tio n of th e id ea of Go d I f you h e writ e s w e re to
.
, ,
‘
m i nd e d A fri c a n sa v ag e h e wou ld si mila rly r e ply
, I t is gi vi ng ,
a re going t o m as s an d co n fe ssio n s an d a t t e n di ng t o t h e ,
a l w ays u d
n e rst a n d a no t h e
‘
r —as th e g rea t sci en t ist an d phi l o~
Th e n o ne day as he wa lk e d n ea r Du b li n bridge h is m e t h od
of qu a t e r n ions fl a sh e d o n h i m I t wou ld be u nrea son abl e.
, t h en
th e i n te r na l re v e la t ion m a nifes t i ng i t se l f t o t h e o ut e r wo rld ,
P e dagogic s ci e n ce i n i t s p re s e n t stage ca n do v e ry li t t l e
, ,
i n te ns i t v a nd cl ea rn e ss of th e fe e l i ng l a t e r t h e sh ap i ng of i t
, ,
W e h a v e now t o d e a l wi th th e r ol e of I m agi na ti on i n
t he sph e re of morals M o ral i t y i s m ad e possi b l e for us
.
Im agi na t i on a nd Mor a l Tr a i n i ng 1 83
growi ng v e rsa ti li t y i n th e u s e of t h e s e N o w th e re i s as .
,
—
st nt t en d e nc y in e ve ry mi nd im age t o cl e a r i tretf to e m e rge
a
u n d e rlyi ng fee l i ng ”
Moral e d ucation doe s no t consis t i n th e
.
suppl e m e n t ing o f i t .
a re go od th e y m ay re m a i n
, vagu e and fe w fo r a long t i m e .
‘
A m e ri ean il d
ch r en id t h
a re sa o e Spoi l t and t ro u bl es o m e . Ye t l t a er
th y b
e eco m e d t d
e vo e s ons an d d gh t
au ers .
1 84 Im agi na t i on a nd Mor a l Tr ai ni ng
im agi na tion fai ls sym pa thy fa ils Fe e ling m a y e xi st an d ye t be
, .
,
’
a —
chi ld s own pe rso n li t y t h a t i n stu dyi ng i t h e c bn s i d e rs th e
ac t ion s an d m o t i v e s o f m e n an d d e v e lops h i s o wn mora l sen se
”
.
( k n own t o t h e wri t e r
) w as on , v er y i nt i m a te t e rms wi th an
m ag i na ry fri e n d ca l l e d
“
M adou who be have d a t t im es i n
”
, , ,
th e r ea l p e opl e —t h e pe o pl e i n my book
”
I t a ppe ars as i f th e .
—
ing o f pic t ure s i h short al l th e oth e r h ealthy a c t ivi t i e s of ,
( pic t u re d ) a c t io n .
th p ll l
O er b f di
a ra e s ca n e oun n d m
re a d i m ds . an n I d a m ness . n rea s,
th e act i i ty f th i
v w ld p
o e nner or ro cee d wi th t i t f
s ou ti
n e r er e n c e o r co rr e c on .
Th m t l i m ag
e en a b m i t es ec o e n e nse , v i id
v t il t l as t t h y m y w k
, un a e a a a en
u s. N th i g i t f
o with th m
n n e r eres e . Th y e p y t h
occufi l d l n whil
e e a o e, e
th y l
e t I m d
as t th nm a ne s s , oo , e ( a u p
ve w f t
o h b j
er ot i v w l d e o ec e or is
—
.
b k
ro th
en h i f eti i c a n o con nec on s so p d Th m dm b li v
us , a a an es
di n t bl t e i v th
) a . e e
wh t th i
a i w ld m p
e r o to us n ne r or 1 os es , a n
’
s o a e t
o re c e e co un er
me gs saf m
e wi th t ro ou .
1 86 Im agi na t i on an d Mor a l Tr a i n i ng
i ngs pre ce pts ad vi c e
, , rea s on pro ba b ly is t h is : t ha t
,
t h e pre c e pt s e tc
, ha ve l i tt l e or no t h i ng t o d o wi t h th e se ri e s
.
,
A mo t h er love s he r own c hi ld a n d di vi n es a l l h i s w an t s a n d
wi sh e s She has moral ge ni us wh e re h e i s conce rn e d B u t
. .
—
i m agi n a tio n po w e r of re pre se nting oth e r s t a te s than on e s o wn ’
.
rac e,
a nd re ligion Th e cou nt ry E ng l i sh h i n d i n
.
“
Ada m
B e d e d ecl are d t ha t F re n c M e n w e re d ress ed u p mo nk eys
”
,
-
.
—
wi fe a nd mo t he r a goo d fri e nd pe rh a ps and much be l ove d ,
own .
If he s u fle rs i n o ne sphe re o f a c ti vi ty fro m
’
c o ve ri es i n morals
c a n i t be w e l l for h i m to be co e rc e d i n t o ta ki ng e ve rythi n g on
i t h e cri e d ou t “
Th e m an th a t h ath do ne th is sha ll su re ly
,
die
”
. The p ro ph e t l e ft h im to pass j udgm e n t ’
.
“
I f sa id H in t on m any ye a rs ago t he I m agin at ion is t o
”
,
“
,
‘
tkTo e x m pl f m
a et l xp i
an I t w f d th t m
a e ro a c ua e e r e n ce : as o un a so e
b y m H ig h G d
o s ah l w i t h h bit f t i g th p p il f
er ra e sc oo e re n e a o ea s n e u s o a
sp i l t ec a l f th f b l m i d d R p i m d w gi
ce n re
’‘
o r c as s or e ee e n e . e r an s e re ven
1 88 Im ag i n a t i on a nd Mor a l Tr a i n i ng
—
tru t h is ga i n e d i t will a t l e a st i f it
, , s m b l es
re e an y of th e o th e r
—
po w e rs be com e at ro ph i e d .
"
t he whol e m e n t al an d mora l li fe .
Bu t i t m ay be t ru ly sa id t he e ducatio n of th e I m agi n a
,
” “
,
p ri ze s ) bu t d ee p e mo t i o n th e fixi ng o f cl ea r m e n t a l i m age s
, ,
”
e l e m en ta ry schoo ls fo r th e ch ild re n of th e ma s se s ?
Th e a n s w e r i s Th e s e can be se cure d wh en ma ny or
, ,
a nc e of t h e goa l .
—th e n p un si hm b u t a l l
e n ts , e w
re nn a va i l i n A t as a re a t ve o f o ne o f l t l i
th e r ng ea d e rs t o o k h i m as d e , a n d
i l i d i e sc r ed to h i m i n e ta a nd i d il w th
g r t
ea fo rce t h e c on t o n o di i
f o n e o f hi i
i s v c t m s s or d -
p c u re oo . Th i w it t k
h ld
o o f the y
o u ng t ra n I ca m e n o h i s na rro fi e o f vi s o n , li k e n
y t t i t . w ld i
h
t o rc . t
l i e s o p pe h i s pers e c u o n , a n d becam e th e c a m p o n of h is
d ti h i
i i
fo rm e r v ct m s .
C O NCL U S I O N
A GREA T d e al has be e n
t hi s l i tt l e book a bou t l i n es
sa id in
colo urs s o u n d s e tc T hat was i n e vi tabl e s i n c e i t i s a book
, , .
,
co m m u n ica te o u r fe e li ngs to o t h e rs .
Sp ee c h i s a h u m an ac t i vi t y by wh ich we co m m u n ica t e o u r
,
t on e s e x pre ss i on )
, .
r e c e iv e th e thou gh t s o f o th e r m e n a n d co m mu n ic a t e t h e i r o wn
A nd if to quo t e T ol s to i l i t e r al l y
,
“
t h e y l ack e d t h is o t h e r
,
c a p aci t y of b e i n g i n fe ct e d by a rt p e o pl e m i g h t be m o r e sa v age
,
o n e a no t h e r
”
.
Bu t th e p ow e r t o s p e ak i s a tt a i n e d ea rly i n li fe — t h at i s a bo u t
th e s e c o n d o r t hi rd y e ar .
A nd t h e y h av e d on e t hi s no t be ca us e t h e y ha v e som e occu l t
pow e r d e ni e d t o a l l oth e rs B ut be ca us e th e y hav e e xp resse d
tr u t h fully a nd n atu rally fe e li ngs t ha t do not di e and t h a t a re
'
com m on to al l .
,
a n wa —
pict u re s a nd fl u t i ng ll pa pe rs do no t e xp re ss th e e mo t i o nal
-
a bl e — s uch as
‘
J u it
an a a S pa ish love s o ng
n ,
~ — w e re gi ve n ’
.
An d ye t o n e h as on ly t o ob se rv e t he c o m mo n pe opl e and ch il
dr e n t o day i n ord er t o s e e t h at th e y no t on ly h av e a ca pa city fo r
th is hu m a n activi t y b ut t h at i n a l l th e ir i nt e rcourse i t is th e
,
h i bi te d i n a ll t h e word po rt ra i t s sk e t ch ed wi t h ca re l e ss ea s e b y
-
c w 1
1 3 1 11 1 7 1 : LI I
— '
f : m 5 s a re
a “
m '
Lost "
“
1 011 13 1 3 2 : t n!
-n
: r
r
é i v m l rrf e . : rrm m a zm 3 2 11 2 5 5 0 3
Vfl f ¢St 20 m
'
'
: or
r
5 s
an g
” A r a - 1 i on
m
1 '
-
:J s i n
g a
z
-
:m
. a
d
fi r tv V O I C E. d t
15
a
r
-
r , ma
’ .A t t
'
fi (
mt cra 1r
“
a w ni n g 721 8 21 ? s
v f w -
: f ! a t o n na s na v e
a
. i s t e n e d i n wo n d e r
.
4 r, 2
m: m a q a P
a na m éc z oo ts .
Mo re:
r ir .l q lfi n f wh h I I EII I I IE{ i
w
f
m c n ev er
’
i 7 :
a
. 1
.
-
J .
i i Tt " 1 7“ O f fill et d o we zs
w
”
’
1f
" f ' f! 7 92
!
m m h e m cm n s
' ' “ '
of s :
! n : o rc zn
z , .
g o n t
g
N I f r -n
rr ly V~:
- na ve no t bad ti m e t
o
thin k I n I
r 1”
'
v l r.N
-’
l '
UM A 1 1V : fi t
: we re 30 an xi o us to i
g ev
.
1h : m th in/ 1 th e y d o no t ne e d, a nd wi l l no t y et us e
1 9 2 Con rl ns i on
—
co uld not be m isi nt e rpre t e d so vivaci o us and e xpress iv e w ere
t h e y A s for chi ld re n do we not se e how e ven i n the da rk est
.
, ,
’
close aft e r follow e d H a ns And e rson s T al e s the Ugly Duck ,
no t co t
n en t m r
e e ly to l ea rn t h e
‘
Sol fa a n d g i v e e a r te s
-
t s— ’
i f s he -
fo r wh i ch t h e y w e re not r e a dy W e h a v e no t h
. a d t i m e to
th i nk of t h e ir real nee ds b e ca us e we w e re so anxious to gi v e
,
l ea rn wh a t i t is to pu t cl ea n clo t h e s on a cl e a n body wh e re ,
are —
fou n d wh er e t each e rs a re a llow e d t o h e l p ere th e y
tea ch an ,
—
d to s t re ng t h e n e re th e y ad monish i h th es e di stric t s
you ng hum an li fe spr i ngs forth gl a d a n d bright an d th e lov e of ,
si ng d ra w act
, H e i s no lo nge r a cr ea t ur e wh o can gi ve
,
.
w —
And to whom wil l ch i ld re n giv e this ne fre e gi ft th e mos t ,
—
wi ll giv e th e i r art to t h e working p e opl e t o t hose wh o
ha v e cea s e d to e xpress t h e i r o wn fe eli ngs ad e qu ate ly ,
fo rm s xp di w d
ress e t t or s , so o rans m it h t li
t a fee n g th t th
a o e rs m ay
m f l i g—thi i t h
or e n
xp i ti i ty f A t Tols toy
.
e e r e nce th e sa e ee n s s e ac v o r .