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Wish/if only
(Wish/if only)
Introduzione
"wish"
per esprimere un desiderio per qualcosa in futuro con un tono formale o educato:
"I wish to attend the meeting."
per esprimere un desiderio per qualcosa in futuro per qualcun altro, di solito usando
espressioni fisse:
"I wish him the best of luck."
Possiamo usare "wish" e "if only" per esprimere un desiderio improbabile o impossibile o un rimorso:
Espressioni che usano "wish" e "if only" sono esempi del modo congiuntivo, che viene usato per
esprimere desideri improbabili o impossibili (o raccomandazioni, senza "wish" / "if only"). Nel modo
congiuntivo, usiamo solo "were" (non "was"):
Proposizioni condizionali
Possiamo usare "wish" e "if only" per descrivere una condizione immaginata o impossibile nel
passato o nel presente seguita da una proposizione principale che descrive un risultato immaginato.
Struttura second conditional (link agli esercizi) per desideri impossibili nel presente:
"If only I'd taken the train, I would have arrived at the destination by now."
"I wish I'd taken the train; I would have arrived at the destination by now."
La vera situazione e il risultato: non ho preso il treno e non sono arrivato a destinazione
quindi questo è il risultato immaginato nel passato.
Forma - "wish"
Usiamo il present simple di "wish" per esprimere un desiderio presente per qualcosa nel futuro.
I
You
wish
Positivo We
They
He / She / It wishes
to attend the meeting.
I
You
Negativ don't wish
We
o They
He / She / It doesn't wish
I
you
domand Do
we wish to attend the meeting?
a they
Does he / she / it
Per esprimere un desiderio:
soggetto + "wish" + pronome oggetto
I
You
wish
Positivo We
They me
He / She / It wishes you
us the best of luck.
I
them
You
Negativ don't wish him / her / it
We
o They
He / She / It doesn't wish
Usiamo il past simple di "wish" per descrivere un desiderio che è stato espresso in passato:
o "She wished him the best of luck."
Pratica
Completa le frasi usando "wish" e il verbo tra parentesi (dove applicabile):
Forma:
"wish"
I
You
wish
Positivo We
They I
He / She / It wishes you
live
we in the countryside.
I d
they
You
Negativ don't wish he / she / it
We
o They
He / She / It doesn't wish
I
I
you
you
domand Do wis we in the countryside?
we lived
a h they
they
he / she / it
Does he / she / it
"if only"
Positivo I lived
you
If
Negativ we in the countryside.
only didn't live
o they
he / she / it
con past perfect e pronome soggetto per esprimere un rimorso riguardo al passato:
"wish"
I I the prawns.
You you
wish
Positivo We we had eaten
They they
He / She / It wishes he / she
Negativ I don't wish it hadn't eaten
o You
We
They
He
She doesn't wish
It
I
you I
Do you had eaten the prawns?
we wis
domanda they we
h
they
Doe
he / she / it he / she / it hadn't eaten
s the prawns?
"if only"
con would / could e pronome soggetto per esprimere un forte desiderio che consideriamo
improbabile o impossibile:
"wish"
I
You
wish
We
Positivo They
He / She / I
wishes you
It would save money.
we
I could speak Spanish.
they
You
don't wish he / she / it
Negativ We
o They
He / She /
doesn't wish
It
I
I
you
you would save money?
domand Do wis we
we could speak Spanish?
a h they
they
he / she / it
"if only"
I would
Positivo
you could
If save money.
we
Negativ only wouldn't speak Spanish.
they
o couldn't
he / she / it
Il modo congiuntivo
Forma:
"wish"
I
You
wish
We
Positivo They
He I
She wishes you
It were
we
weren' here.
I they
t
You he / she
don't wish
We it
Negativ They
o
He
She doesn't wish
It
I I
interrogativa you you were
Do wis
(positiva e we we weren' here?
they h
negativa) they t
Does he / she / it he / she / it
"if only"
Positivo I were
you
Negativ If only we here.
weren't
o they
he / she / it
con past continuous e pronome soggetto:
"wish"
I
You
wish
We
Positivo They
He / She / I
wishes you were going
It
we weren't on holiday.
I
they going
You
don't wish he / she / it
Negativ We
o They
He / She /
doesn't wish
It
I I
you you
Do wis were going
domanda we we on holiday?
they h weren't going
they
Does he / she / it he / she / it
"if only"
Positivo I were going
you
Negativ If only we weren't on holiday.
o they going
he / she / it
Proposizioni condizionali
"if only"
"wish"
Usiamo "then" per esprimere che la proposizione principale è un risultato diretto della
subordinata condizionale. Non possiamo invertire l'ordine delle proposizioni come con "if
only":
"if only"
"wish"
Usiamo un punto e virgola (;) per unire le proposizioni in una frase unica. In questo caso non
usiamo "then" perchè l'aspettativa/la possibilità sull'orario di arrivo capita allo stesso
momento in cui si prende il treno. Non possiamo invertire l'ordine delle proposizioni come
con "if only":
Ulteriore pratica
Completa le frasi con la risposta corretta tra a, b, c o d:
She wishes them She wishes she If only her If only them
She wish / were If only / was She wishes / was If only / were
wishes he was trying wish he were trying wishes he were trying wishes him
were trying
If only they had started She wish they had started If only them had started
She wishes them had started