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Warsaw Ghetto

 Poland’s surrender 1939

 Arm bands with the Star of David required for every Jewish person.
 Property and jobs were stripped from the Jewish people and
 Warsaw Ghetto was established.
 Forced to build walls surrounding the Ghetto
 confined in a prison of their own making
 Overcrowded, food was limited, and disease was rampant.
 Jewish people could not be beaten.
 Children were still taught lessons;
 traditional holidays were still observed
 Underground libraries were established as well as the symphonies.
 Illegal activities established way of life for those who wanted to survive.

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

 1943 Warsaw revolt.

 The Jewish deportation to destruction camps
 Warsaw Jews lasted 28 days
 weapons smuggled into camp
 Jewish fighters fired on the Germans
 Germans retreated
 Jewish encouraged retreat.
 German soldiers to return
 German commander ordered Ghetto burned
 Treblinka for termination.

Theresienstadt

 Theresienstadt Ghetto
 propaganda film for the Germans
 Theresienstadt was modified to appear pleasant
 Overflow and overcrowding deporting to Auschwitz for extermination.
 Fake stores a bank and schools were decorated all over the camp.
 Flowers were planted and
 commission left the camp and the
 film was presented to the world
 All the participants and their families were sent to the gas chambers at Auschwitz.

First Person Podcast Series | Erika Eckstut

 Erika Echstut young girl & parents Czernowitz ghetto, Romania

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 Life hard no food, no jobs very little housing

 Sneaking out of the Ghetto.
 Priests and nuns.
 Clerk asks for money gave the Priests name.
 back to the camp
 Erika's father
 The Priest

Roman Halter
 Testimonial
 7 of 7 children
 Poland
 12 years old in 1939
 Halter and his family were sent to Lodz for 120 people
 His grandfather, parents and Aunt with 2 of her children
 Family members taken out and shot
 Lodz was a political camp
 plenty and the rest with nothing
 camp starvation and death
 Survived the selection.

Ghettos

 Ghettos were city districts

 impoverished conditions
 stripped of their belongings
 placed in the ghettos without basic necessities for survival
 Ghettos segregated

Types of Ghettos

 Three types of Ghettos during the Holocaust.

1. Open Ghettos had no walls and allowed the Jews to leave the camp under
strict rules.
2. Closed Ghettos that had walls or barbed wire fences to seal the Jews inside.
Inadequate housing, chronic food shortages and diseases lead to the high
mortality rates.
3. Destruction Ghettos were short lived camps where the Germans either
deported or shot all the inhabitants.

Jewish Councils - Judenraete

 Jewish council established by Germans

 Assist maintaining policies and regulations.
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 cooperate or death
 Council members compile lists for deportation, forced-labor camps, and killing
camps.
 Council members choose compliance to ensure race would survive.

Shanghai China
 Living conditions meager
 Early arrivals managed to survive and thrive in Shanghai
 Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor
 stateless Jews to live with in a designated area
 Jews were ignored and left alone to survive as they could
 allowed live in small apartments
 poor sanitation and meager food
 wartime conditions but life went on
 Shanghai Jews survived Holocaust

Shanghai's Jewish
 Community different
 War time conditions.
 allowed privileges
 religious ceremonies
 stateless Jews were put into ghettos
 survived the Holocaust