History of East Kalimantan

Establishment of the East Kalimantan province in 1956. previously, this province is

one of the prefecture in the province of Kalimantan. in 1956, the province of Kalimantan,
divided into three provinces, namely, East Kalimantan, South Kalimantan and West
Kalimantan.

History of East Kalimantan can be said to be very old.

Historians say that the East Kalimantan region has been inhabited
by humans since the time of glacial (ice). Residents of the race
when it is Negrid Weddid now no longer exists. About 3000 years
BC to come and live in the East Kalimantan region group Proto-
Malay or Malay Old. Around the year 500 BC, dating the two
migrant groups, namely, group Deutro Malay or Malay-Young.

But the history of East Kalimantan, which has the form of

political unity is originated from the Kingdom of Kutai
Mulawarman or Martapura. The kingdom was founded in the 4th
century in Muara Kaman. At that time, Kutai Martapura have
established relationships with India, so it is not surprising that the Kutai Martapura was the
center of Hindu religion, as well as an important trading center.

Until the 14th century, the Kingdom of Kutai Martapura Mulawarman or a kingdom
that is very influential in Kalimantan. In the 14th century, his fame began unrivaled by the
new kingdom that have influence and support of Java, namely, the Kingdom of Kutai
Kartanegara. Martapura Kutai kingdom finally collapsed in the 17th century after losing the
war with the Kingdom of Kutai Kartanegara. Collapse of the Kingdom of Kutai Martapura
provide opportunity for rural areas that were previously under the control of Kutai Martapura
to break away, forming their own kingdoms in addition some are merged into the Kingdom of
Kutai Kartanegara.

In the 15th century, in East Kalimantan has stood the kingdom-the kingdom of Islam.
They are the Sultanate of Kutai, Pasir Sultanate, the Sultanate of Berau, and the Sultanate of
Bulungan. The development of Islam in this region berlangung rapidly, that one reason is
trade relations with Muslim merchants.

Subsequent developments, East Kalimantan region populated become heterogeneous.

Many people Bugis (South Sulawesi), and people Banjar (South Kalimantan) moved to East
Kalimantan with a variety of reasons. Banjar, for example, moved to East Kalimantan to
avoid colonial rule since that time the kingdom of Banjar in South Kalimantan have entered
the Netherlands.

Dutch finally reached the East Kalimantan and to master the kingdoms contained in
the region. Kingdom of Kutai Kartanegara fall into the Dutch influence in 1844. Other
kingdoms, namely, the Kingdom of sand falls into the Dutch influence in 1885, the Kingdom
of Berau in 1837, and the Kingdom Bulungan 1850.
 Although formally the East Kalimantan region is controlled by the Dutch, but many
people who do not accept occupation. People do a variety of resistance even in small and
local forces. Only in the early 20th century struggle of the people more organized, even
nationally. This is not out of the influence of nationalist movements that flourished in Java.
Many political organization in Java, which opened branches in East Kalimantan, among other
Islamic States (SI), founded in Samarinda in 1930, then in 1934 established the United
Nations organizations Indonesia (Parindra), and in 1937 formed the Movement branch
Rakyat Indonesia (Gerindo) in Samarinda and Balikpapan.

The growth of political organizations that lasted until the Japanese came in and master
the East. In the era of Japanese occupation, the various political organizations were
suppressed and even dissolved. People prohibited from engaging in political activities. All
activities of the people only intended to support a war that was waged throughout the Asia
Pacific Japan. The situation is miserable these people berlangung until Japan surrendered to
the Allies which was followed by the proclamation of independence of the Republic of
Indonesia.

After the proclamation of independence, the Dutch returned to Indonesia with a bum
Allies. The Netherlands intends to re-colonize Indonesia. Holland then implementing
strategies crockery, they form a puppet states. In Samarinda, in September 1947, the
Netherlands formed the Federation of East Kalimantan. Federation of East Kalimantan region
include Kutai, Bulungan, Sambaliung, Mount Tabur, and Sand. Federation is chaired by the
Sultan of Kutai AM Parikesit with the assistance of the Dutch resident as advisors.

But the federation did not last long. This is because people do not want the
disintegration of the nation. Finally on April 10, 1950, the Federation of East Kalimantan
rejoin the Republic of Indonesia. After that, East Kalimantan into areas under government
Residency Kalimantan Province.

Status as residency does not last long because the people of East Kalimantan, a
province of the region want. The central government meet the aspirations of the people of
East Kalimantan is the issue of Act number 25 of 1956 concerning the establishment of
autonomous provinces of South Kalimantan, West Kalimantan and East Kalimantan. Thus,
since then the status of East Kalimantan as the Province.
RUMAH LAMIN

Lamin’s House