Name : Time : 30 min

Class No: Marks: 10x2=20

(Answer in English )

Pollen tube

Ovule

Fig.1
Across

1. If carpels are free, the condition is known as..............

3. ............ is the asexual method of reproduction in yeast
5. PEN develops into ...................
8. ..............is produced by the generative cell
10. Identify the structure marked as 'a' in Fig.1

Down

2. I am also known by the name megasporangium

4. you can find me situated between epidermis and middle layers
6. This structure in Pistia is an adaptation for vegetative reproduction.
7. I produce microspores through meiosis
9. Flower is a modefied...........................
Name : Time : 30 min
Class No : Marks : 10x2=20
(Answer in English)

Embryosac Chalaza

a
b

Figure.1

Figure .2

Across

2. If carpels are united, the condition is known as..............

5. Normally.............sperms are produced from each pollen grain
7. I am also known by the name megasporangium
8. Identify the structure marked as 'a' in Fig.1
9. I produce "megaspores" through meiosis

Down

1. The cotyledon of monocots is also known as............

3. Identify the structure shown in the Figure. 2
4. Penicillium produce this kind of asexual reproductive spores
5. My function is to provide Nourishment to the developing pollen grains
6. The only cells inside the embryo sac that is triploid in nature
Name : Time :30 min
Class No : Marks :10x2=20
(Anwer in English)

Fig. a

Fig.a

Fig.a

Across

4. Fungus + Alga : Mutualism ; Epiphyte + Tree : .................

6. In a pond the pyramid of biomass is of this shape.
7. Emigration and immigration represent..........
8. An 'S' shaped curve represents............growth pattern.
10. This plant shows sexual deceit.

Down

1. The shaded region in the Fig. a represents...........phase in an age pyramid.

2. In this special type of photosynthetic pathway, the stomata remain closed during day time.
3. These group of organisms are secondary consumers
5. The stages between first and the last stage of an ecological succession are known as..........
9. Net Primary Productivity + Respiration = ............................
Name : Time :30min
Class No : Marks :10x2=20
(Answer in English )

Fig. 1

Leaf litter

Nematodes

Small fishes

Large fishes

Fig. 2

Across

1. These group of organisms are secondary consumers

3. In this special type of photosynthetic pathway, the stomata remain closed during day time.
5. Marsh-Meadow is a ............... community.
7. Identify the type of food chain shown in the Fig. 2
8. In a pond the pyramid of biomass is of this shape.
9. An example for gaseous cycle

Down

2. This plant shows sexual deceit.

4. 'a' and 'b' in the Fig.1 represent this process.
6. In this type of growth pattern, the population size remains more or less stable around 'K' .
10. Net Primary Productivity + Respiration = ............................
Name : Time : 30 min
Class No : Marks :10x2=20
(Answer in English )

Across
2. In this special type of photosynthetic pathway, the stomata remain closed during day time.
4. An example for gaseous cycle
5. Net Primary Productivity + Respiration = ............................
6. An 'S' shaped curve represents............growth pattern.
8. In a pond the pyramid of biomass is of this shape.
9. Marsh-Meadow is a ............... community.

Down

1. Identify the type of food chain shown in the Fig. 'a'

2. These group of organisms are secondary consumers
3. Emigration and immigration represent..........
7. This plant shows sexual deceit.
Name : Time : 30 min
Class No: Marks:10x2=20
(Answer in English )
Quercus
(Forest)

Salix

Cyperus

Sagittaria

Lemna

Hydrilla

Fig.a Algae

Fig. 1
Across

1. Fungus + Alga : Mutualism ; Epiphyte + Tree : .................

5. If the reproductive and pre-reproductive stage of a an age structure is of the same size, it
represents........community.
7. Emigration and immigration represent..........
9. The 'algae' in the Fig.1 represents this community.
10. This orchid shows sexual deceit.

Down

2. This growth pattern can be represented by a 'sigmoid curve'.

3. In a pond the pyramid of biomass is of this shape.
4. These group of organisms are secondary consumers
6. This is a desert adaptation shown by succulent plants.
8. NPP+ Respiration = ............................
Name : Time :30min
Class No : Marks :10x2=20
(Answer in English )

Across

3. The condition in which the seed contains several embryos inside is known as.......
9. This is the outer layer of ovule.
10. This type of seeds contain endosperm inside.

Down

1. This is the product of 'Tripple fusion'.

2. Identify the structure marked as 'a' in Fig.1
4. This fungus reproduce by 'budding'.
5. Male gametes are produced from this cell.
6. The number of microspores produced from each PMC.
7. 'Apocarpous' pistils have .............carpels.
8. Grass is pollinated by this pollinating agent.
Name : Time : 30 min
Class No: Marks: 10x2=20
(Answer in English )

Mitosis

Anther Meiosis
Stigma Pollen grains
Style

a
Microspores

Across
1. What does 'a' in the Figure represent?
4. When a flower is pollinated by the pollen grains from another plant, the condition is
known as........
7. Microsporangium: Sperm ; Megasporangium: ..................
8. Cashew nut is an example for this type of fruit.
9. Vegetative Fertilization:Endosperm ; Generative Fertilizatio:...............
10. In this plant, water is the only medium of pollination.
Down

2. In this kind of flowers, self pollination is enhanced because the flowers never open.
3. What is the ploidy of 'a' in the Figure?
5. The egg apparatus is seen towards.........of the ovule.
6. The fruit with a stony endocarp is known as ...............
Name : Time : 30 min
ClassNo: Marks: 10x2=20
(Answer in English )

Fig. b

0. 50. 100. 150. 200. 300

Time in years
Fig.1

Fig. 2

Across

2. This type of photosynthetic pathway can be found in succulent dessert plants.

4. An example for gaceous cycle
8. These group of organisms belong to secondary consumers
9. This type of food chain begins from dead organic matter.
10. The process depicted in the Fig.1 is an example for ecological...............

Down

1. The type of ecological pyramid shown in the Fig.2 can be found in this type of ecosystem.
3. This factor, other than birth & death, is responsible for the change in population size ..........
5. 'Rooted floating' plants belongs to ............... community.
6. This kind of growth curve follows a lag phase, log phase and a steady phase.
7. Only this % of energy is transferred from herbivores to carnivores.
Name : Time : 30 min
ClassNo: Marks: 10x2=20
(Answer in English )

a b c d

Saw grass Cyperus Hardwood hammock Forest

Slough
Marsh & Willow

Slough

Across
2. The 'd' in the Figure represents this community.
4. This process contributes to the decline in population size
5. This growth pattern can be represented by 'j' shaped curve
7. ...............cycle is an example for sedimentary cycle.
8. If the reproductive and pre reproductive stage of a an age structure is of the same size, it
represents........community.
9. Fungus + Alga : Mutualism ; Loranthus + Tree : .................

Down
1. 'Opuntia' have .......... photosynthetic pathway.
2. The Tiger belongs to this group of organisms.
3. In a pond the pyramid of biomass is of this shape.
6. These groups of organisms are the first to coclonize a bare area.
Name : Time : 30 min
Class No : Marks: 10x2=20
(Answer in English )
Embryoscac Chalaza

b
a
Fig. 1

a
Plumule

Fig. 3

a Fig. 2

Across

1. The developing embryo derives food from this tissue inside the seed.
5. Pea is an example for this type of seed.
7. Name the portion marked as 'a' in the Figure.2.
8. Identify part 'c'in the Figure 3.
9. This is an example for 'pseudocarp'
10. The number of megaspores produced inside the ovule.

Down

2. Identify the structure marked as 'c' in Fig.1

3. sperm+ovum= zygote ; sperm+......... cell=PEN
4. The plumule of the monocot seed is covered by this structure.
6. The type of pistil is found in 'Michaelia'
Name : Time : 30 min
Class No: Marks: 10x2=20
(Answer in English )

Section of a Buttercup fruit

Carpels Fruit
Petal
Anther Anther
Sepal Stamen
Sepal Filament Filament
Thalamus
a

Across
1. In the endosperm tissue, two sets of chromasomes belong to............parent.
4. Identify the type of pistil shown in the Figure
5. cashew nut is an example for this kind of fruit
7. The vegetative propagule of Zingiber officinale .
8. The radicle of the monocot seed is covered by this sheath.
9. Brightly coloured petals are found in .............. flowers.

Down
2. The type of embryosac which develops from a single haploid megaspore.
3. In 'Commelina benghalensis' the flowers are of this type.
4. Rice is an example for this type of seed.
6. This is the second cotyledon of monocot seed.
 ANSWER KEY
Across
1. APOCARPOUS—If carpels are free, the condition is known as..............
3. BUDDING—............ is the asexual method of reproduction in yeast
5. ENDOSPERM—PEN develops into ...................
8. SPERM—..............is produced by the generative cell
10. OVUM—Identify the structure marked as 'a' in Fig.1

Down
2. OVULE—I am also known by the name megasporangium
4. ENDOTHECIUM—You can find me situated between epidermis and middle layers
6. OFFSET—This structure in Pistia is an adaptation for vegetative reproduction.
7. PMC—I produce microspores through meiosis
9. SHOOT—Flower is a modefied...........................
 ANSWER KEY
Across

2. SYNCARPOUS—If carpels are united, the condition is known as..............

5. TWO—Normally.............sperms are produced from each pollen grain
7. OVULE—I am also known by the name megasporangium
8. OVUM—Identify the structure marked as 'a' in Fig.1
9. MMC—I produce "megaspores" through meiosis

Down

1. SCUTELLUM—The cotyledon of monocots is also known as............

3. RHIZOME—Identify the structure shown in the Figure. 2
4. CONIDIA—Penicillium produce this kind of asexual reproductive spores
5. TAPETUM—My function is to provide Nourishment to the developing pollen grains
6. ENDOSPERM—The only cells inside the embryo sac that is triploid in nature
 ANSWER KEY
Across
4. COMMENSALISM—Fungus + Alga : Mutualism ; Epiphyte + Tree : .................
6. INVERTED—In a pond the pyramid of biomass is of this shape.
7. MIGRATION—Emigration and immigration represent..........
8. LOGISTIC—An 'S' shaped curve represents............growth pattern.
10. OPHRYS—This plant shows sexual deceit.

Down
1. REPRODUCTIVE—The shaded region in the Fig. a represents...........phase in an age pyramid.
2. CAM—In this special type of photosynthetic pathway, the stomata remain closed during day time.
3. CARNIVORES—These group of organisms are secondary consumers
5. SERAL—The stages between first and the last stage of an ecological succession are known
as.......... 1
9. GPP—Net Primary Productivity + Respiration = ............................ R
2
C E
3
A C P
4
C O M M E N S A L I S M R
R O
5 6
S I N V E R T E D
E I U
R V C
7
M I G R A T I O N T
L R I
E V
8 9
L O G I S T I C E
P
10
O P H R Y S
EclipseCrossword.com
 ANSWER KEY
Across
1. CARNIVORES—These group of organisms are secondary consumers
3. CAM—In this special type of photosynthetic pathway, the stomata remain closed during daytime.
5. SERAL—Marsh-Meadow is a ............... community.
7. DETRITUS—Identify the type of food chain shown in the Fig. 2
8. INVERTED—In a pond the pyramid of biomass is of this shape.
9. NITROGEN—An example for gaceous cycle

Down
2. OPHRYS—This plant shows sexual deceit.
4. MIGRATION—'a' anb 'b' in the Fig.1 represent this process.
6. LOGISTIC—In this type of growth pattern, the population size remains more or less stable
around 'K' .
10.GPP—Net Primary Productivity + Respiration = ............................
 ANSWER KEY
Across

2. CAM—In this special type of photosynthetic pathway, the stomata remain closed during day time.
4. NITROGEN—An example for gaceous cycle
5. GPP—Net Primary Productivity + Respiration = ............................
6. LOGISTIC—An 'S' shaped curve represents............growth pattern.
8. INVERTED—In a pond the pyramid of biomass is of this shape.
9. SERAL—Marsh-Meadow is a ............... community.

Down

1. DETRITUS—Identify the type of food chain shown in the Fig. 'a'

2. CARNIVORES—These group of organisms are secondary consumers
3. MIGRATION—Emigration and immigration represent..........
OPHRYS—This plant shows sexual deceit.
 ANSWER KEY
Across

1. COMMENSALISM—Fungus + Alga : Mutualism ; Epiphyte + Tree : .................

5. STABLE—If the reproductive and pre reproductive stage of a an age structure is of the same size,
it represents........community.
7. MIGRATION—Emigration and immigration represent..........
9. PIONEER—The algae in the fig. 'a' represents this community.
10. OPHRYS—This plant shows sexual deceit.

Down

2. LOGISTIC—This growth pattern canbe represented by a 'sigmoid curve'.

3. INVERTED—In a pond the pyramid of biomass is of this shape.
4. CARNIVORES—These group of organisms are secondary consumers
6. CAM—This is a desert adaptation shown by succulent plants.
8. GPP—NPP + Respiration = ........................
 ANSWER KEY
Across
3. POLYEMBRYONY—The condition in which the seed contains several embryos inside is known
as.......
9. INTEGUMENT—This is the outer layer of ovule.
10. ALBUMINOUS—This type of seeds contain endosperm inside.

Down
1. PEN—This is the product of 'Tripple fusion'.
2. COLEOPTILE—Identify the structure marked as 'a' in Fig.1
4. YEAST—This fungus reproduce by 'budding'.
5. GENERATIVE—Male gametes are produced from this cell.
6. FOUR—The number of microspores produced from each PMC.
7. FREE—'Apocarpous' pistils have .............carpels.
8. WIND—Grass is pollinated by this pollinating agent.
 ANSWER KEY
Across
1. PMC—What does 'a' in the Figure represent?
4. XENOGAMY—When a flower is pollinated by the pollen grains from another plant, the
condition is known as........
7. OVUM—Microsporangium: Sperm ; Megasporangium: ..................
8. PSEUDOCARP—Cashew nut is an example for this type of fruit.
9. EMBRYO—Vegetative Fertilization:Endosperm ; Generative Fertilizatio:...............
10. VALLISNERIA—In this plant, water is the only medium of pollination.

Down
2. CLEISTOGAMOUS—In this kind of flowers, self pollination is enhanced because the flowers
never open.
3. DIPLOID—What is the ploidy of 'a' in the Figure?
5. MYCROPYLE—The egg apparatus is seen towards.........of the ovule.
6. DRUPE—The fruit with a stony endocarp is known as ...............
 ANSWER KEY
Across

2. CAM—This type of photosynthetic pathway can be found in succulent dessert plants.

4. NITROGEN—An example for gaceous cycle
8. CARNIVORES—These group of organisms belong to secondary consumers
9. DETRITUS—This type of food chain begins from dead organic matter.
10. SUCCESSION—The process depicted in the Fig.1 is an example for ecological...............

Down

1. POND—The type of ecological pyramid shown in the Fig.2 can be found in tis type of ecosystem.
3. MIGRATION—This factor, other than birth & death, is responsible for the change in population
size ..........
5. SERAL—'Rooted floating' plants belongs to ............... community.
6. LOGISTIC—This kind of growth curve follows a lag phase, log phase and a steady phase.
7. TEN—Only this % of energy is transferred from herbivores to carnivores.
 ANSWER KEY
Across
2. CLIMAX—The 'd' in the Figure represents this community.
4. EMIGRATION—This process contributes to the decline in population size
5. EXPONENTIAL—This growth pattern can be represented by 'j' shaped curve
7. PHOSPHORUS—...............cycle is an example for sedimentary cycle.
8. STABLE—If the reproductive and pre reproductive stage of a an age structure is of the same size,
it represents........community.
9. PARASITISM—Fungus + Alga : Mutualism ; Loranthus + Tree : .................

Down
1. CAM—'Opuntia' have .......... photosynthetic pathway.
2. CARNIVORES—The Tiger belongs to this group of organisms.
3. INVERTED—In a pond the pyramid of biomass is of this shape.
6. PIONEERS—These groups of organisms are the first to coclonize a bare area during ecological
succession .
 ANSWER KEY
Across

1. ENDOSPERM—The developing embryo derives food from this tissue inside the seed.
5. EXALBUMINOUS—Pea is an example for this type of seed.
7. OFFSET—Name the portion marked as 'a' in the Figure.2.
8. SCUTELLUM—Identify part 'c'in the Figure 3.
9. APPLE—This is an example for 'pseudocarp'
10. FOUR—The number of megaspores produced inside the ovule.

Down

2. OVUM—Identify the structure marked as 'c' in Fig.1

3. SECONDARY—sperm+ovum= zygote ; sperm+......... cell=PEN
4. COLEOPTILE—The plumule of the monocot seed is covered by this structure.
6. APOCARPOUS—The type of pistil is found in 'Michaelia'.
 ANSWER KEY
Across

1. FEMALE—In the endosperm tissue, two sets of chromasomes belong to............parent.

4. APOCARPOUS—Identify the type of pistil shown in the Figure
5. PSEUDOCARP—cashew nut is an example for this kind of fruit
7. RHIZOME—The vegetative propagule of Zingiber officinale .
8. COLEORHIZA—The radicle of the monocot seed is covered by this sheath.
9. ENTOMOPHILOUS—Brightly coloured petals are found in .............. flowers.

Down

2. MONOSPORIC—The type of embryosac which develops from a single haploid megaspore.

3. CLEISTOGAMOUS—In 'Commelina benghalensis' the flowers are of this type.
4. ALBUMINOUS—Rice is an example for this type of seed.
6. EPIBLAST—This is the second cotyledon of monocot seed.
 IMPORTANCE OF CROSSWORD PUZZLES

The crossword puzzle presented here is helpful in introducing your subject to students in a new
way. Because individuals differ in the type of stimuli from which they best retain and process
information, such as verbal or visual (Krätzig & Arbuthnott, 2006), it is best to have a variety of
resources available to students to aid in the learning process (Franklin, Peat, & Lewis, 2003). Critical
information can be Reinforced through the novel use of games instead of rote practice (Rotter,
2004).Crosswords have been used successfully in many different disciplines (Childers,1996), showing
their versatility and flexibility. They are also a useful tool as most people are already familiar with
them. Crosswords are so simple to administer that it saves a lot of class time (Crossman & Crossman,
1983; Weisskirch, 2006). It has been shown that the crossword puzzles are effective in teaching of
terminology, definitions,spelling, and pairing key concepts with related names, resulting in greater
retention and memorization of facts (Childers, 1996; Franklin et al., 2003; Crossman &
Crossman,1983; Moore, 2005). Because of the need to spell items correctly to complete the puzzle,
their use results in increased care in studying as well, and when completed, can be used further as a
study device (Crossman & Crossman, 1983; Childers, 1996). Solving crossword puzzle involves
multiple learning skills.Crosswrod puzzles can be used as a diagnostic tool in identifying areas of
understanding as well as lack of comprehension and areas of weakness (Weisskirch, 2006; Franklin et
al., 2003; Childers, 1996). When students have difficulty with the puzzles, they are prompted to ask
questions and research to find the correct answers (Franklin et al., 2003).

How to administer the test

This document contains six different crosswords each from different chapter/Chapters.This
crossword puzzle can be administered in three different ways. The first method is to devide the entire
class into four or five managable sized groups and then giving the test to each group(one copy to each
group). The second method is to give each student a copy of this crossword as a home work. In the
third method, you can give six different crossword to a row of students of a bench in such a way that
none is able to copy the answers from those sitting nearby. The first method ensures pupil - pupil
interaction. The students should be allowed to refer the text book during the test.

How to reduce the cost of printing

The printouts should be taken in “booklet” format (two pages on a single side) so that you
get two crosswords on each side of an A4 paper(total 4 crowssword on single sheet).This reduces the
cost of photocopying. You need to spend roughly 17.5 Paise/Student/Test(this may cost roughly Rs<15
for 60 students per test). The A4 sheet can be cut into two pieces. Now you get two crosswords with
each piece (one crossword on each side).Though each pice of paper contains two crossword, only one
side should be given at a time as the test. After the test you can get the papers back and give the second
crossword next time. Before you give the second test, the papers should be shuffled in such a manner
that same student doesn't get the same paper twice.
References

Childers, C. D. (1996). Using Crossword Puzzles as an AID to Studying Sociological

Concepts. Teaching Sociology. 24(1), 231-235.
Crossman, E., & Crossman, S. M. (1983). The Crossword Puzzle as a Teaching Tool.
Teaching Psychology. 10(2), 98-99.
Franklin, S., Peat, M., & Lewis, A.. (2003). Non-Traditional Interventions to Stimulate
Discussion: The Use of Games and Puzzles. Journal of Biological Education. 37(2), 76-82.
Krätzig, G. P., & Arbuthnott, K. D. (2006). Perceptual Learning Styles and Learning Proficiency:A
Test of the Hypothesis. Journal of Educational Psychology. 98(1), 1-16.
Moore, L. S., & Detlaff, A. J. (2005). Using Educational Games as a Form of Teaching in
Social Work. Arete. 29(1), 58-72.
Rotter, K. (2004). Assisted Modifying ‘Jeopardy!’: Games to Benefit All Students.
Teaching Exceptional Children. 36(3), 58-62.
Weisskirch, R. S. (2006). An Analysis of Instructor-Created Crossword Puzzles or Student
Review. College Teaching. 54(1), 198-202.

Your suggestions are valuable. Please let me know.

Syamkumar R
HSST Botany(Jr),
Govt. HSS, Eloor, Ekm
syamkumar4@gmail.com