LEYES DE EXPONENTES Y PRODUCTOS NOTABLES O IDENTIDADES

RADICALES ALGEBRAICAS
1. 𝑥 0 = 1 a) BINOMIO AL CUADRADO
a) (𝑎 + 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 + 2 ∙ 𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 + 𝑏 2
1 b) (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 − 2 ∙ 𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 + 𝑏 2
2. 𝑥 −1 = 𝑥
Nota: (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = (𝑏 − 𝑎)2
1 𝑒𝑛 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 (𝑎 − 𝑏)2𝑚 = (𝑏 − 𝑎)2𝑚 : 𝑚 ∈ 𝑍
3. 𝑥 −𝑛 =
𝑥𝑛
b) IDENTIDADES DE LEGENDRE
𝑥 𝑛 𝑥𝑛 1. (𝑎 + 𝑏)2 + (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 2(𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 )
4. (𝑦) = 𝑦𝑛 2. (𝑎 + 𝑏)2 − (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 4𝑎𝑏

𝑛 1⁄ c) DIFERENCIA DE CUADRADOS:
5. √𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑛
1. (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 − 𝑏) = 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2
𝑛 𝑚⁄
6. √𝑥 𝑚 = 𝑥 𝑛 d) BINOMIO AL CUBO:
2. (𝑎 + 𝑏)3 = 𝑎3 + 3𝑎2 𝑏 + 3𝑎𝑏 2 + 𝑏 3
1 −1⁄ (𝑎 − 𝑏)3 = 𝑎3 − 3𝑎2 𝑏 + 3𝑎𝑏 2 − 𝑏 3
7. 𝑛 =𝑥 𝑛 3.
√𝑥
e) IDENTIDADES DE STEVEN
1 −𝑚
8. 𝑛 = 𝑥 ⁄𝑛 1. (𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑥 − 𝑎) = 𝑥 2 + (𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 + 𝑎𝑏
√𝑥 𝑚 2. (𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑥 + 𝑏)(𝑥 + 𝑐) = 𝑥 3 + (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)𝑥 2 +
(𝑎𝑏 + 𝑎𝑐 + 𝑏𝑐)𝑥 + 𝑎𝑏𝑐
9. (𝑥 ∙ 𝑦)𝑚 = 𝑥 𝑚 ∙ 𝑦 𝑚
f) SUMA Y DIFERENCIA DE CUBOS
10. (𝑥 𝑛 )𝑚 = 𝑥 𝑛∙𝑚 1. 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 )
2. 𝑎3 − 𝑏 3 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 )
11. 𝑥 𝑚 ∙ 𝑥 𝑛 = 𝑥 𝑚+𝑛
g) TRINOMIO AL CUADRADO
𝑥𝑚 1. (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 2𝑎𝑐 + 2𝑏𝑐
12. = 𝑥 𝑚−𝑛
𝑥𝑛
h) TRINOMIO AL CUBO
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 2. (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)3 = 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 + 𝑐 3 + 3(𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 + 𝑐)(𝑏 + 𝑐)
13. √𝑥 ∙ 𝑦 = √𝑥 ∙ √𝑦
𝑛 𝑛
14. √(𝑥 ∙ 𝑦)𝑚 = √𝑥 𝑚 ∙ 𝑛√𝑦 𝑚
𝑛
𝑛𝑥 √𝑥
15. √𝑦 = 𝑛
√𝑦

𝑥 𝑚
𝑛
𝑛 √𝑥𝑚
16. √( ) = 𝑛
𝑦 √𝑦 𝑚