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and Adverbs?
Fuente: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/536/01/
Adjectives modify nouns. To modify means to change in some way. For example:
• "I ate a meal." Meal is a noun. We don't know what kind of meal; all we know is that someone ate a
meal.
• "I ate an enormous lunch." Lunch is a noun, and enormous is an adjective that modifies it. It tells
Adjectives usually answer one of a few different questions: "What kind?" or "Which?" or "How many?" For
example:
• "The tall girl is riding a new bike." Tall tells us which girl we're talking about. New tells us what kind
twelve both tell us how many students; midterm and final both tell us which exam.
• Which?
• How many?
Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. (You can recognize adverbs easily because many of
them are formed by adding -ly to an adjective, though that is not always the case.) The most common question
• "She sang beautifully." Beautifully is an adverb that modifies sang. It tells us how she sang.
• "The cellist played carelessly." Carelessly is an adverb that modifies played. It tells us how the
cellist played.
• "That woman is extremely nice." Nice is an adjective that modifies the noun woman. Extremely is
an adverb that modifies nice; it tells us how nice she is. How nice is she? She's extremely nice.
• "It was a terribly hot afternoon." Hot is an adjective that modifies the noun afternoon. Terribly is an
adverb that modifies the adjective hot. How hot is it? Terribly hot.
So, generally speaking, adverbs answer the question how. (They can also answer the questions when, where,
and why.)
Most of the time, adjectives come before nouns. However, they come after the nouns they modify, most often
• be
• feel
• taste
• smell
• sound
• look
• appear
• seem
Some examples:
• "The dog is black." Black is an adjective that modifies the noun dog, but it comes after the verb.
• "The milk smells rotten." Rotten is an adjective that modifies the noun milk.
• "The speaker sounds hoarse." Hoarse is an adjective that modifies the noun speaker.
Be sure to understand the differences between the following two examples:
"The dog smells carefully." Here, carefully describes how the dog is smelling. We imagine him sniffing very
cautiously.
But:
"The dog smells clean." Here, clean describes the dog itself. It's not that he's smelling clean things or
something; it's that he's had a bath and does not stink.
Fuente: www.learn4good.com/languages/evrd_grammar/adjective_order.htm
In English, it is common to use more than one adjective before a noun - for example, "He's a silly young fool,"
or "she's a smart, energetic woman." When you use more than one adjective, you have to put them in the right
order, according to type. This page will explain the different types of adjectives and the correct order for them.
Opinion An opinion adjective explains what you think about something (other people may not agree with you). Examples:
silly, beautiful, horrible, difficult
Size A size adjective, of course, tells you how big or small something is. Examples:
large, tiny, enormous, little
Age An age adjective tells you how young or old something or someone is. Examples:
ancient, new, young, old
Shape A shape adjective describes the shape of something. Examples:
square, round, flat, rectangular
Colour A colour adjective, of course, describes the colour of something. Examples:
blue, pink, reddish, grey
Origin An origin adjective describes where something comes from. Examples:
French, lunar, American, eastern, Greek
Material A material adjective describes what something is made from. Examples:
wooden, metal, cotton, paper
Purpose A purpose adjective describes what something is used for. These adjectives often end with "-ing". Examples:
sleeping (as in "sleeping bag"), roasting (as in "roasting tin")
Some examples of adjective order
Size / Tamaño:
1.average – promedio 2.big – grande 3.colossal – colosal 4.fat – gordo 5.giant – gigante 6.gigantic –
gigantesco 7.great – gran 8.huge – enorme 9.immense – inmenso 10.large – grande 11.little – chico / pequeño
12.long – largo 13.massive – massivo 14.miniature – muy pequeño 15.petite – chico 16.short – corto 17.small
Shape / Forma:
20.broad – amplio 21.chubby – rechoncho / gordito 22.crooked – chueco / torcido 23.curved – curvo 24.deep –
profundo 25.flat – plano 26.high – alto 27.hollow – hueco 28.low – bajo 29.narrow – estrecho 30.round –
redondo 31.skinny – flaco 32.square – cuadrado 33.steep – inclinado 34.straight – derecho 35.wide – ancho
46.bitter – amargo 47.delicious – delicioso 48.fresh – fresco 49.juicy – jugoso 50.ripe – maduro 51.rotten –
podrido / putrefacto 52. salty – salado 53. sour – acido 54.spicy – picante 55.stale – rancio / pasado 56.sticky
– pegajoso 57. strong – fuerte 58.sweet – dulce 59.tasteless – sin sabor 60. tasty – sabroso 61.thirsty –
sediento 62.greasy – grasoso 63.filthy – sucio 64. hard – duro 65.hot – caliente 66.icy – helado 67.loose – flojo
/ suelto 68.melted – derretido 69.plastic – plástico 70.rainy – lluvioso 71.rough – áspero 72.scattered –
disperso 73.sharp – filoso 74.silky – sedoso 75.slippery – resbaloso 76.smooth – suave 77.soft – suave 78.
solid – solido 79.steady – firme 80.sticky – pegajoso 81.tender – tierno / suave 82.tight – ajustado 83.uneven –
87.afraid – asustado 88.angry – enojado 89.annoyed – molesto / estar harto 90.anxious – ansioso 91.arrogant
– arrogante 92.ashamed – avergonzado 93.awful – terrible 94.bad – malo 95.bored – aburrido 96.confused –
104.envious – envidioso 105.evil – malo / malvado 106.fierce – feroz 107.foolish – tonto / absurdo 108.frantic –
hogar 113.hungry – hambriento 114.hurt – herido 115. ill – enfermo 116.jealous – celoso 117. lonely – solo
repulsivo 122.selfish – egoista 123.sore – inflamado / adolorido 124.tense – tenso 125.terrible – terible
preocupado
cómodo 136.cooperative – cooperativo 137. courageous – valeroso 138.determined – resuelto 139. eager –
emocionado 144.exuberant – exuberante 145.fair – justo 146.loyal – fiel 147.fantastic – fantástico 148.fine –
bien 149.friendly – amigable 150.funny – gracioso 151.gentle – gentil 152.glorious – glorioso 153.happy – feliz
154.healthy – saludable 155.helpful – util 156.hilarious – hilarante 157.jolly – muy feliz 158.kind – bueno /
exitoso 168. victorious – victorioso 169.vivacious – vivaz 170.witty – ingenioso 171.wonderful – maravilloso
172.zealous – entusiasta
EXERCISE 1
Write down the correct form of the word in brackets (adjective or adverb).
8. Dogs rely on their noses as they can smell (extreme / good) . If that is true, why
9. The little boy looked (sad) . I went over to comfort him and he looked at me
ANSWERS
8) He is a driver. (careful)
ANSWERS