PATHOLOGY NOTES DR. GOLJAN GENERAL PATHgq Note: This material is copyrighted. All rights reserved TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR GENERAL PATHOLOGY NOTES Prepared by Edward Goljan, M.D. Subject Pages General Principles of Lab Medicine Cell Injury Inflammation Immunopathology Fluids and Hemodynam | Nutrition 93-117 Genetics ~ 118-1 8 Environmental Pathology 1159-186 Neoplasia 187-213Note: This material is copy ied. All rig GOLJAN HIGH YIELD NOTES FOR USMLE STEP 1 Note: This material is copyrighted. All rights d. No part of this publication may be reproduced i any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical. including photocopy, recording, or any inform and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher (Edward F. Goljan, M.D. Abbreviations commonly used: AD = autosomal dominam, AR = autosomal recessive, COD = cause of ath, Dx = diagnosis, MC = most common, MCC = most common cause, Rx ~ treatment, S/S signs and symptoms, SXR linked recessive High Yield Concepts in General Pathology General Principles of Lab Medicine Sensitivity of a test A. TP = patient with the B. FN =patient with disease who has a negative test resul C. formula for sensitivity— TP EN 2. use of a test with 100 % sensitivity A. bestused to sereen B. excludes disease when negative le with disease when positive D. catch words: excl terpretation of a test with 100% A. always has a negative B. it must be a TN test f sensitivity when it returns normal in a patient dictive valu (PV-= TN TN + EN) ult (excludes disease) since there are no FNs: a TN is a trie test result in a person without disease rum ANA has 100% sensitivity for SLE: a negati ANA excl interpretation of a test with 100% sensitivity when it returns positive in a patient A. may be a TP ot FP: (1) FP = false positive or a positive test result in a normal person (2) note that FPs are notin the formula for sensitivity B. pec tl e.g. positive serur all people with SLE: it does not confirm SLE since other diseases also have a positive ANA (e.g., rheumato) id arthritis, progressive Disease No Disease Positivetest (TP) 100 (FP) 10 Negative test (FN) 0 (TN) 90 Calculate sensitivity of the test; TP / TP + FN = 100/ 100 > 0= 1009 Calculate PV: TN FN = 90 /90-+0-= 100% 2 Specificity of a test 1, "negativity in health" A. TN normal test result in a person without disease B. FP = patient without disease who has a positive test result