Introduction to the seven elements of effective

Safety & Health

Management – The Basics

Dr. Ayman El-Gamal

Ayman_elgamal@yahoo.com
 Major Elements

Management commitment Worksite analysis

and
employee involvement

Safety and Health

Programs

Safety and health training Hazard prevention and control

Every system contains structure, inputs,
processes and outputs

Structure
Safety
Safety
Manager
Manager

Safety
Safety Human
HRResource
Engineer
Engineer Coordinator
Coordinator

Safety
Safety
Committee
Committee
 Inputs

Tools Equipment
Machinery Materials
Facilities People
Time Money

The goal is to have the highest

quality inputs as possible.
Management commitment is
measured, in part, by the
quality of inputs to the system.
 Processes

1. Commitment - leading, managing, planning, funding

2. Accountability - responsibility, discipline
3. Involvement - safety committees, suggestions
4. Hazard Identification & Control - inspection, observation
5. Education and Training - OJT, employees, supervisors
6. Incident/Accident Analysis - determine root causes
7. Program Evaluation - system design and performance

Safety is one aspect of process quality.

 Outputs - Conditions,
Behaviors, Results

• Safe/Unsafe conditions, behaviors

• Many/Few incidents and accidents
• High/Low accident costs
• High/Low productivity, morale, trust
1. TOP MANAGEMENT
COMMITMENT
What is Top Management Commitment?
Time M oney C oncern
Expression of leadership
2. ACCOUNTABILITY
 Accountability =

Behavior + Evaluation
Consequences

 E
R S
T L
5. Appropriate application of
consequences

Trained
1.Have I ensured the employee is ____________?

Resources
2.Have I made sure the employee has _______________?

Enforced
3.Have I effectively ______________safety rules?

Supervision
4.Have I provided adequate _______________?

Leadership
5.Have I demonstrated personal _________________?
3. EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT
 4. HAZARD
IDENTIFICATION
AND CONTROL
 Definitions

Hazard: means anything that can cause harm.

e.g. ( chemicals, electricity, working from
ladders, etc.)

Risk:is the chance, high or low, that somebody

will be harmed by the hazard.
What are the four categories of hazards in the
workplace?

M aterials
Equipment

Environment

Employees
 Five Steps
TO
Risk Assessment
 Risk Assessment
The definition of Risk is
“the chance that somebody will harm by the hazard”

Five steps for Risk Assessment

1. Hazard Identification
2. Risk Assessment
3. Risk Control
4. Record of Findings
5. Review the Assessment
Risk Assessment Guide
 5. INCIDENT/
ACCIDENT
INVESTIGATION
6. TRAINING
7. PLAN EVALUATION
 1
Major
Injury

29
Minor
Injuries

300
Near Miss
Incidents
 Major Accident

Result one at least die

Result handicap persons (≥35%)

Result many injuries and need more than

one day for recovery

Result one shift stop working

 Percentage of accidents causes

3 % of all
• Conditions account for _____
workplace accidents. ‫ظروف و بيئة العمل‬

95 % of all
• Behaviors account for _____
workplace accidents. ‫السلوك اإلنسـانى‬

• Uncontrollable acts account for ____2 % of

all workplace accidents. ‫خارج نطاق السيطرة‬

Conclusion: The safety management system

contributes to some degree to _____ % of the
causes for all accidents in the workplace!
 Accident costs

Two
Indirect parameter Direct
cost s cost
 Determine the Costs

Insured
(Direct) Costs
Oregon average to close
a claim = $13,107

Unseen costs
can sink the Uninsured
ship! (Indirect) Costs
Oregon estimated average
= $30,000

Unknown Costs
 Workers’ Comp. Claims

Cost per case

Direct cost: $23,900.00

Indirect cost : $119,500.00
Total: $143,400.00

Total Workers’ Comp. Claims: 454,089

Total Cost : $65,116,362,600.00

 Electricity Hazards & Protections
Hazards Protective Measures
• Inadequate wiring • Proper grounding
• Exposed electrical parts • Use GFCI’s
• Wires with bad insulation • Use fuses and circuit
• Ungrounded electrical systems and breakers
tools
• Guard live parts
• Overloaded circuits
• Damaged power tools and equipment • Lockout/Tagout
• Using the wrong PPE and tools • Proper use of flexible
cords
• Overhead powerlines
• All hazards are made worse in wet • Close electric panels
conditions • Training

OSHAX.org - The Unofficial Guide To the OSHA ٢٩

 Lockout and Tagging of Circuits
• Apply locks to power source after de-
energizing
• Tag deactivated controls
• Tag de-energized equipment and circuits
at all points where they can be energized
• Tags must identify equipment or circuits
being worked on
 Portable Electric Tools -
Things to look for:

Damaged/Broken case

Ground prong missing

on three-prong plugs.
Some tools are double
insulated and won’t
have a ground prong.
That’s OK.
Damaged Cord – outer
sheath broken
Signs, Symbols, and Tags of potential
electrical hazards.
Signs, Symbols, and Tags of potential
electrical hazards.
Signs, Symbols, and Tags of potential
electrical hazards.
One of the important processes to identify
hazards is :

Walk around Inspections

That's it!
Before you run, time to review!