Nizzo 2021. Antropologia e Archeologia Dell'Amore Indice e Abstract

a cura di
Valentino Nizzo
Antropologia e Archeologia a confronto
Antropologia e Archeologia dell’Amore

Tomo I
IV Incontro di Studi
5
AntropologiA e ArcheologiA A confronto
AntropologiA e ArcheologiA dell’Amore
Atti del IV Incontro Internazionale di Studi

#AntArc4 – #AntArc2017
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Progetto Grafico
Giancarlo Giovine per la Fondazione Dià Cultura
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in copertinA:
Fotomontaggio: Apoxyomenos, Museo di Zagabria; Maschera Azteca a mosaico, Museo Preistorico
Etnografico “L. Pigorini” Roma; Scheletro umano; Porzione di volto: gentile concessione Loris Del Viva.
Ideazione ed elaborazione grafica: VAlentino nizzo con la collaborazione di giAnfrAnco cAlAndrA
ideAzione, progetto Scientifico e curAtelA del conVegno:

Valentino Nizzo (Museo Nazionale Etrusco di Villa Giulia - MiBACT)
con lA collAborAzione di:

Fondazione Dià Cultura
comitAto Scientifico del conVegno:

Stefano Allovio (Università degli Studi di Milano); Maria Bonghi Jovino (già Università degli Studi di
Milano); Alessandro Guidi (Università di Roma Tre); Ida Oggiano (Istituto di Studi sul Mediterraneo
Antico del CNR); Chiara Pussetti (University of Lisbon); Christopher Smith (British School at Rome);
Alessandra Sperduti (Museo delle Civiltà); Mario Torelli (Accademia dei Lincei); Valentino Nizzo
(Museo Nazionale Etrusco di Villa Giulia); Francesco Pignataro (Fondazione Dià Cultura); Simona
Sanchirico (Fondazione Dià Cultura)
coordinAmento orgAnizzAtiVo e SegreteriA:

Simona Sanchirico; Francesco Pignataro; Chiara Leporati; Alessandra Botta; Giulia Resta (Fondazione
Dià Cultura); Valentino Nizzo (Museo Nazionale Etrusco di Villa Giulia)
6
editore:
Fondazione Dià Cultura
Via della Maglianella 65 E/H - 00166 Roma
Tel. 06.66990234/385 Fax 06.66990422
www.diacultura.org info@diacultura.org
direttore editoriAle:
Simona Sanchirico
collAnA:
Antropologia e Archeologia a Confronto 4 (#AntArc4 – #AntArc2017)
direttore di collAnA:
Valentino Nizzo (Museo Nazionale Etrusco di Villa Giulia - MiBACT)
coordinAmento editoriAle:
Chiara Leporati
redAzione:
Giulia Resta; Alessandra Botta; Chiara Leporati
Finito di stampare nel mese di maggio 2021 dalla tipografia Rilegraf srl
Via Cassia Km 36,600 zona ind. Settevene - 01036 Nepi (VT)
rilegrafsrl@rilegraf.it
con il contributo e il SoStegno di:

Siaed S.p.A.
Via della Maglianella, 65 E/H - 00166 Roma
Tel. 06.66990
www.siaed.it info@siaed.it
Archeologia e antropologia dell’amore: Atti dell’Incontro Internazionale di Studi di Antropologia e Archeologia

a confronto [Roma, Parco Regionale dell’Appia Antica – Ex Cartiera Latina, 26-28 Maggio 2017] / a cura di
Valentino Nizzo. Roma: Fondazione Dià Cultura, 2021, 2 tomi, pp. 1066.
ISBN 978-88-946182-1-1
CDD D.930.1
1. Archeologia – Antropologia culturale – Antropologia fisica – Storia delle Religioni – Atti di Congressi
2. Amore – Morte – Genere – Atti di Congressi
I. Valentino Nizzo (1975-)
9
INDICE
Tomo I
VAlentino nizzo, “Amor che ne la mente mi ragiona”..........................................p. 15

Programma del convegno..................................................................................p. 83
Abbreviazioni e norme bibliografiche...............................................................p. 97
InterventI IntroduttIvI
dino burtini, La complessità del sentimento amoroso.....................................p. 103
StefAno AlloVio, Sulla pelle. Antropologia dei preliminari amorosi...............p. 125
relazIonI
mAuro rubini, L’amore al tempo... dei Neanderthal........................................ p. 141
roberto micheli, mASSimo VidAle, The neverending kiss. Funerary
representations of personal relationships in protohistoric Swat........................p. 153
dIscussIone generale
Moderatori: chiArA gemmA puSSetti, AleSSAndro guidi
Interventi di: Vincenzo pAdiglione, AleSSAndro guidi, roberto Sirigu,
mArio torelli, VAlentino nizzo, chiArA gemmA puSSetti, AleSSAndro
guidi, mAriA bonghi JoVino, mAriA gioVAnnA belcAStro, mASSimo VidAle,
mAuro rubini, StefAno AlloVio.......................................................................p. 167
relazIonI
domiziAnA roSSi, “Khosrow e Shīrīn, ovvero la rilettura di edifici storici in
chiave amorosa”................................................................................................ p. 173
mASSimiliAno AleSSAndro polichetti, Ierogamia al Museo. Eros e visione
della verità nell’osservanza tantrica.................................................................. p. 191
federicA mAnfredi, Vincoli d’amore tra le Alpi. Note di campo
sull’ineguaglianza di genere e di generazione in ambito rurale........................p. 199
mArA bertoni, L’abbraccio che soffoca, per un’iconoclastia dell’Amore.
Spunti di riflessione antropologica da una narrazione biografica......................p. 215
criStiAn Aiello, AntonellA giArdinA, Scripta manent. Corrispondenze
d’amore nell’epigrafia funeraria della Sicilia Tardoantica................................p. 229
Moderatori: AleSSAndro guidi, chiArA gemmA puSSetti
Interventi di: AleSSAndro guidi, mAriA bonghi JoVino, mASSimiliAno
polichetti, idA oggiAno, VAlentino nizzo, AleSSAndrA Sperduti, mArA
bertoni, dino burtini, domiziAnA roSSi...........................................................p. 251
10
mAriA bonghi JoVino, Dalla elaborazione dell’immaginario affettivo e religioso
alla delineazione del ruolo sociale della donna. Il caso delle Matres Matutae.....p. 257
giAncArlo m.g. Scoditti, Il paradosso dell’amore incestuoso tra fratello e
sorella generati dallo stesso ventre.........................................................................p. 279
relazIonI
lucA bondioli, AleSSiA nAVA, AleSSAndrA Sperduti, I hope the ancients loved
their children too. Gli infanti nel record archeo-antropologico tra invisibilità,
pratiche di infanticidio e fenomeni di reproductive wastage................................p. 303
melAniA gigAnte, Ti ho amato fino alla morte. Lo studio antropologico delle
sepolture di madri e feti: il caso della gestante dalla necropoli di Pithekoussai
(VIII sec. a.C. - età romana).................................................................................. p. 311
biAncA ferrArA, Le tombe di bambino in contesti indigeni dell’Italia centro-
meridionale: gesti d’amore verso i più piccoli.......................................................p. 317
SilViA luSuArdi SienA, elenA dellù, federicA mAtteoni, Le sepolture dei
bambini di Nocetum tra epoca medievale e moderna: pratiche deposizionali
e monete d’accompagnamento come segni d’amore.........................................p. 343
mAriA gioVAnnA belcAStro, VAlentinA mAriotti, Le relazioni enigmatiche:
la sepoltura triplice di Dolní Věstonice (Moravia, 27-26000 BP).....................p. 369
AnnA mAriA d’onofrio, luigi gAllo, AndreA piccioli, AleSSAndrA Sperduti,
Amore e morte nella famiglia reale macedone. Alla ricerca di Filippo II.........p. 377
criStinA bASSi, VAleriA Amoretti, Storie di passione, affetto e devozione: le
diverse sfumature dell’amore nelle aree cimiteriali di Riva del Garda (TN)....p. 397
eleonorA romAnò, L’amore coniugale tra convenzionalità iconografica e
realismo ‘patetico’ del commiato. Forme, gesti e tempi comunicativi nelle
urne etrusche di età ellenistica...........................................................................p. 413
cAndidA felli, Una, nessuna e centomila: immagini di piangenti e altre figure
femminili in Siria e Mesopotamia fra III e II millennio a.C..............................p. 425
mAriAnne KleibrinK, I pendenti enotri con hierós gámos dalla Calabria e il
metodo di Panofsky............................................................................................p. 437
frAnceSco de StefAno, Il tema iconografico dello hieròs gàmos. Espressioni
figurative e rituali di transizione a Metaponto in età arcaica.............................p. 455
ettore JAnulArdo, Raffigurazioni settecentesche dell’antico: liberi Amori(ni)
in vendita.......................................................................................................... p. 479
Moderatori: idA oggiAno, lucA bondioli
Interventi di: VAlentino nizzo, idA oggiAno, roberto Sirigu, mAriA bonghi
JoVino, mArio torelli, cAndidA felli, lucA bondioli.....................................p. 495
11
Tomo II
chiArA puSSetti, Appunti per una antropologia dell’amore..............................p. 501
relazIonI
AnAStASiA mArtino, Amore e “razionalità morale” della sessualità e della
riproduzione in Messico....................................................................................p. 521
gioVAnnA ritA bellini, gioVAnni murro, WAlter pAntAno, Consacrazione.
La sfera del trascendente dalla tomba 19 della necropoli settentrionale di
Aquinum (Castrocielo - Fr)................................................................................p. 529
cleliA petrAccA, Mogli barbute e Afrodite bisessuale.....................................p. 549
mAriA cAterinA Schettini, Le relazioni “pericolose” nell’eros: storie di
amori “impossibili” dal mito alla letteratura e le loro rappresentazioni
iconografiche..................................................................................................... p. 567
elenA cAlAndrA, Regine di cuori: immagini tra Saffo e Cleopatra..................p. 599
relazIonI
lucA bASile, criStinA pugliA, “Compagni d’amore” nella Grecia arcaica e classica:
una prospettiva tra archeologia e psicologia sull’omosessualità nel mondo antico...p. 613
mArco Serino, Apaturie e gamelia in una “casa sacra” di Himera? L’amore
al tempo delle fratrie......................................................................................... p. 631
lorenzo VerderAme, “Che il mio pene sia teso come un arco!” Amore e sesso
nei rituali ed esorcismi dell’antica Mesopotamia..............................................p. 657
Moderatori: mAriA bonghi JoVino, berArdino pAlumbo
Interventi di: berArdino pAlumbo, VAlentinA mAriotti, AleSSAndro guidi,
elenA dellù, mArio torelli, VAlentino nizzo, pino SchirripA, mAriA
bonghi JoVino, berArdino pAlumbo, chiArA puSSetti, mAriA gioVAnnA
belcAStro, lucA bondioli, frAnceScA mermAti, Vincenzo pAdiglione...........p. 667
AleSSAndro guidi, L’amore al tempo della preistoria.......................................p. 677
relazIonI
fAbiAnA SuSini, eleonorA romAnò, Dalla parola allo spazio dell’amore:
diacronia e rapporti tra forme lessicali, modalità sessuali e luoghi delle
relazioni ‘non ufficiali’......................................................................................p. 699
SArA cArAmello, Lungo le sponde del Nilo. Lo specchio d’acqua come luogo
di seduzione nella letteratura dell’antico Egitto................................................p. 715
12
giAncArlo germAnà bozzA, Alcune osservazioni sulla ierodulia nei santuari

di Afrodite della Sicilia..................................................................................... p. 721
SilViA Aglietti, Dicta autem castra quasi casta, vel quod illic castraretur
libido. I castra del limes come barriere di genere?........................................... p. 741
frAnceScA SAntini, L’amore tra uomo e animali: tre casi studio di sepolture
di animali tra rito e culto nella provincia di Rieti..............................................p. 755
giuliA pedrucci, “Interspecies” Love between Men and Animals in the Greek
and Roman Worlds: Did Anti-litteram Vegetarians and Animalists Exist?.......p. 765
dIscussIone del documentarIo Kitawa: i raggi piumati del sole

Moderatori: JAcopo de groSSi mAzzorin, VAlentino nizzo
Interventi di: VAlentino nizzo, giAncArlo Scoditti, berArdino pAlumbo, Vincenzo
pAdiglione, mArio torelli, roberto Sirigu, JAcopo de groSSi mAzzorin..............p. 775
Moderatori: JAcopo de groSSi mAzzorin
Interventi di: JAcopo de groSSi mAzzorin, cAndidA felli, filippo mAriA
gAmbAri, frAnceScA SAntini, idA oggiAno, roberto Sirigu, AleSSAndro
guidi, giAncArlo Scoditti, berArdino pAlumbo, mArio torelli, mAriA
gioVAnnA belcAStro, giAncArlo Scoditti, VAlentino nizzo...........................p. 785
InterventI programmatI
AleSSAndrA Sperduti, Ossa e DNA...La verità, vi prego, sull’amore! Il
contributo dell’antropologia fisica per la ricostruzione dei comportamenti
sessuali e “amorosi” del passato....................................................................... p. 795
relazIonI
enrico zAnini, Digging in love: riflessioni sul ruolo dell’amore (in senso lato)
nella produzione della conoscenza archeologica...............................................p. 805
mAuro puddu, Frammenti archeologici di un discorso amoroso: o del miserere
di un trovatore....................................................................................................p. 811
roberto Sirigu, Archeologia come compassione..............................................p. 825
Moderatori: fAbio pAgAno, VAlentino nizzo
Interventi di: VAlentino nizzo, mArA bertoni, mAriA gioVAnnA belcAStro,
StefAno roAScio, lucA bondioli, chiArA puSSetti, criStinA bASSi, AleSSAndrA
Sperduti, AleSSAndro guidi, roberto Sirigu, fAbio pAgAno, enrico zAnini....p. 833
conclusIonI del convegno

A cura del Prof. Vincenzo pAdiglione e del Prof. mArio torelli.....................p. 845
13
poster
rocco bochicchio, pAmelA mAnzo, Dall’amore eroico all’amore sacro: “Le
nozze di Paride ed Elena” su un puteal dedicato a Diana Lochia......................p. 853
frAnceScA fulminAnte, Libertà e condizionamenti culturali e ambientali
dell’amore materno: variabilità e tendenze nella durata dell’allattamento
e dell’età del completo svezzamento nel Mediterraneo e in Europa dalla
Preistoria al Medioevo.......................................................................................p. 867
luigi gAmbAro, SArA chierici, VAleriA Amoretti, dAniele ArobbA,
L’amore che aspetta. Una singolare testimonianza di sepoltura differita da
Albintimilium (IM)........................................................................................... p. 881
donAto lAbAte, L’amore oltre la morte: instrumentum e monumenti con
scene erotiche da contesti funerari di età romana..............................................p. 895
SoniA modicA, Canto/incanto d’amore arcaico: segni-segnali e spazio
percettivo sonoro di riferimento nell’italia preromana......................................p. 909
michelA rAmAdori, L’amore nella cultura antica attraverso lo sguardo
rinascimentale di Francesco Colonna: due sue interpretazioni nella xilografia
50 dell’Hypnerotomachia Poliphili....................................................................p. 919
elenA SAntoro, “Amore e Morte ai tempi del colera”. Recenti scoperte nella
chiesa del convento di San Francesco a Policastro Bussentino (SA)................p. 933
lucA ScAlco, “Amore di mamma”: gesti materni sui monumenti funerari
dell’Italia romana...............................................................................................p. 945
chiArA cAppAnerA, Divorati dalla passione: i rischi dell’amore non-normato
nel mondo greco................................................................................................p. 963
pierluigi giroldini, Uniti nella morte: una madre e un figlio dalla necropoli
Orientalizzante di Bosco Le Pici (Castelnuovo Berardenga, Siena)..................p. 973
dAnielA fArdellA, “Coppie matrimoniali” di alto rango nella necropoli
frentana di Larino-Carpineto.............................................................................p. 989
iSAbellA mArchettA, Il legame infinito: i doni funerari e le relazioni
dell’amore eterno. Un tentativo interpretativo partendo dai dati archeologici...p.1003
mASSimiliAno dAVid, Sesso e amore nel quartiere del benessere a Ostia. Aria
di crisi e momenti di piacere nella Caupona del Dio Pan a Ostia Antica..........p.1015
giuSeppe cAmbriA, Il ruolo dello strigile nelle tombe a incinerazione della
necropoli ellenistica di Phoinike........................................................................p.1027
abstracts e keywords.....................................................................................p.1035
1034
AbstrActs e keywords
AntropologiA e ArcheologiA dell’Amore 1035
relAzIonI
dino burtini
La complessità del sentimento amoroso
The mistery of the human attraction is unfathomable, but who could say not to have felt, at least once
in his life, the charm of love, falling in love, passion? This is a universally widespread experience that
escapes any definition: “Love, impossible to define!” Giacomo Casanova would say.
Like any other human phenomenon, love can be described, never understood in its unfathomable
mystery, through the theory of complexity. The human being presents various levels of complexity
intersected between them: the biological level, that is mixed with the mental and psychic level, which in
turn influence the third level, the socio-cultural one. This socio-cultural dimension implies the vast and
intricate field of relationships, and this happens above all for love. In Latin, love is translated studium,
and these two terms are connected in a surprising way. There can be no love without study, that is, the
knowledge of the other, the desire to deepen the mysterious labyrinths of one's inner selves.
Even in common language it is said that two people have a “love, erotic or sexual relationship”. In our
society it is typical that one of these aspects of the irreducible complexity of the human being prevails
over the other two, while in traditional cultures all this is represented through the numerous rituals
related to the art of loving.
Cultural anthropology underlines how the universal law of cultures is the law of reciprocity, that can
be observed in the rules that govern exchange operations, in which are involved three aspects: the
communicative exchange, the exchange of economic goods and the exchange of the members of a clan
or a village through the establishment of marriage alliances; from here originate puberty celebrations,
rituals of love and union and taboos typical of every culture (eg: taboo suvasova among the Melanesians).
Love and sexuality are a perfect key to grasp the fundamental data of a culture, because they concerns
the deepest sphere of human personality, they stand for psychological and anthropological meanings:
products, at times conflicting, of natural drives mixed with social, moral and religious experiences.
Love and eros become a vehicle for relationships and communicative exchanges between men.
Key-Words
Amore, Antropologia, Psicologia, Eros, Culture, Relazione.
StefAno AlloVio
Sulla pelle. Antropologia dei preliminari amorosi
In Cultural Anthropology, love has not been a very debated topic. In this paper, the A. examines the
reasons for this lack of attention. During the twentieth century, there is an unexpected convergence
between anthropologists and missionaries, who diminish the importance of elaborated local forms of
petting. These forms of petting deserve to be placed among the themes of anthropological investigation,
through a careful rereading of the classics of the discipline. Finally, the A. stresses a continuity between
certain indigenous symbolic signs skin and the idea of Jack Goody concerning the connection between
writing and romantic love.
Key-Words
Romantic love, writing, petting, skin.
mAuro rubini
L’amore al tempo… dei Neanderthal
Love has a chronology? Not that love could not have appeared before, but the study of a society as
articulated as the Neanderthal gives us the opportunity to explore a remote past. Love is often referred
to as irrational and then in evolutionary terms for this independent by the encephalization process. The
1036 AbStrActS e keYwordS
findings made in some neanderthal sites have highlighted an education of the soul to love. Discovery
of musical instruments and / or vanity ornaments certifies it. In a society like that of the Neanderthals
were present different manifestations of love: filial, parental, homosexual, heterosexual. Unfortunately
the nature recognizes only this last because it is the only related to reproduction and therefore the
survival of the species. An act of love projected in the future ... but that did not save the neanderthals
from extinction.
Key-Words
Neanderthal, love, cultural patterns, survival strategy, paleo-anthropology.
roberto micheli, mASSimo VidAle

The neverending kiss. Funerary representations of personal relationships in protohistoric Swat
The paper deals with the intriguing evidence of a high number of double burials in the late protohistoric
graveyards of the Swat valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan (ca. 1400-800 cal BC). While previous
scholars have attempted to explain the evidence as a result of migrating ideas and people from inner
Central Asia, or advocated women’s sacrifice, or even an antecedent of the Hinduist ritual suicide of the
widow after the husband’s death, we argue that these interpretations are due to superficial interpretations
and bad archaeology in general. Rather, double or collective interments are seen as steps of complex
funerary cycles. As still practiced in China and other regions of the Asiatic world, these rituals might
be explained with the need of posthumous marriages, meant to legalize agreements, alliances and
inheritance rights among different kin segments – not because love and emotions, therefore, but on the
wake of precise economical and political interests in a land where land has always been a rare resource.
Key-Words
Swat valley, late Bronze/Iron age of Pakistan, secondary and delayed burials, “Ghost” marriages,
funerary archaeology.
domiziAnA roSSi
“Khosrow e Shīrīn, ovvero la rilettura di edifici storici in chiave Amorosa”
After the Arab-Muslim conquest, a new “cultural identity” started emerging redefining the culture
in Iran. Indeed, the Islamic culture modified the Iranic traditions and folklore; we can observe this
alteration in all the fields of arts and culture but this paper focuses on the transformation of the place
names which evoke literature’s character. An enlightening case is that of Qasr-e Shīrīn, ʻthe castle of
Shīrīnʼ, the wife of the Sasanian King Khosrow, whose story is related by the XII century Persian poet
Neẓāmī. The name was given to the site in the Islamic period thereby losing its original function of
castle and becoming the set of the most paradigmatic romantic love of the Persian literature.
Key-Words
Iran, Qasr-e Shīrīn, Sasanian Archaeology, Khosrow va Shīrīn, cultural identity.
mASSimiliAno AleSSAndro polichetti

Ierogamia al Museo. Eros e visione della verità nell’osservanza tantrica
In the Buddhist Indo-Tibetan mahayana tradition, the vajrayana spiritual lineages preserve till our
days some systems – called tantra – promising shortcuts towards enlightenment, with an altruistic
aim. In some rites related to those systems, the performers, in order to assure the correct execution of
the rite itself, are requested to ‘divinize’ themselves just from the beginning of the liturgy. The ritual
transformation of the time and space context is widely used in Indo-Tibetan vajrayana, the structure
of which thought hinges both on ‘sympathetic compassion’ (karuna) and on ‘intuitive understanding’
(prajna) of the ‘ultimate mode of existing’ (shunyata). These co-efficients enable the adept to make full
use of the workings of the liberated mind, so as to be able to overcome the ‘cycle of unconscious rebirths’
(samsara) and become an ‘awaked one’, a buddha able to effectively do the good of all transmigrating
beings. It is always useful to interpret the psycho-experimental systems which reached Tibet from
India in light of the dual focus of sympathetic compassion (represented also by male divinites) and
vision of the truth (represented also by female divinites), in considering the effect of tantric systems on
metaphysics, morality and art; for this last topic, will be briefly discussed a XVIII century Himalayan
metal statue of the buddha Heruka Sahaja Chakrasamvara in hierogamy with the goddess Vajravarahi,
artwork chosen as exemplar image of MuCiv-MAO for the theme Eros indicated by the Ministry in
November 2016.
Key-Words
Hierogamy, tantrism, vajrayana, Indo-Tibetan lore.
federicA mAnfredi
Vincoli d’amore tra le Alpi. Note di campo sull’ineguaglianza di genere e di generazione in
ambito rurale
Love is a complex feeling that we can observe in a lot of forms and shapes. In peasant families of
contemporary Switzerland it is expressed with condition of gender inequity and symbolic violence
between generations: the most important value is the survival of the farm, despite of workers’ life
conditions. The present contribution is based on an ethnographical experience between 2010 and 2012
during the cooperation with the research team: “AgriGenre: gender, generations and equal opportunities
in agriculture. Transformation of families and of male and female representations in Switzerland”.
Key-Words
Agricultural studies, peasant family, gender violence, generation relationship, ethos.
mArA bertoni
L’abbraccio che soffoca, per un’iconoclastia dell’Amore. Spunti di riflessione antropologica da
una narrazione biografica
A father had lost his 5 years old daughter suffocated in a hug on the bottom of a swimming pool,
after almost twenty-five years he recalls the emotional and intellective remains of this experience. The
finding in his memory reveals a non obvious archaeology of a gesture that could be interpreted as a
biography, as much as under a bio-logic rule. The relationship between the logical interpretation of the
remains of a human gesture emerges as not only cultural, but also driven by biological aspects related
to cognitive reactions of the unexpected. How that epistemological open door could tell us more about
the origin of love? The critical writing presents a liminal thought between narrative, anthropology and
biology about the cultural production of the “embrace” as a love iconic image shared by the collectivity.
Key-Words
Love icons, cultural images, cultural biology, death.
criStiAn Aiello, AntonellA giArdinA

Scripta manent. Corrispondenze d’amore nell’epigrafia funeraria della Sicilia Tardoantica
Anthropology, cultural materialism and archeology are the three directions of investigation used for
this research. All human actions are dictated by feelings that serve to improve the human condition.
The clash between life and death is overcome only through the application of the power of love and the
study of funerals epigraphs proves it. Specifically, some epigraphs of Syracuse catacombs in Sicily have
been examined to analyze the unique code that through writing makes immortal memory.
Key-Words
Antropologia, identità, materialismo, archeologia, scavo, scrittura, epigrafia, segno, marchio,
catacombe, Siracusa.
mAriA bonghi JoVino

Dalla elaborazione dell’immaginario affettivo e religioso alla delineazione del ruolo sociale della
donna. Il caso delle Matres Matutae
The paper deals with the intriguing evidence of the well known as Matres Matutae, generally a big
size sculptures, discovered in the sanctuary of Capua. The archaeological literature reports different
interpretations. Here we present a reconsideration of the many opinions by a multidisciplinary approach
concluding that the Matres Matutae were votive offerings of woman of preminent status in term of
social structure.
Key-Words
Etruscology, archaeology, Matres Matutae, santuaries, Capua, votive offerings.
giAncArlo m.g. Scoditti

Il paradosso dell’amore incestuoso tra fratello e sorella generati dallo stesso ventre
How can an oral culture turn a contradiction into a paradox? For example, the Nowau culture – one of
the cultures characterizing the area of the Kula Ring, as it had been described by B. Malinowski in the
Argonauts of the Western Pacific (1922) – in following the rule that prohibits incest between brother
[m] and sister [f] generated by the same womb (and to whom all those belonging to their same lineage
are assimilated) when faced with the implementation of this form of violation (so we have a real form
of contradiction) denies its existence in everyday life, transforming it into a form of paradox through a
complex mental mechanism based on the equivalence between naming-denoting and classifyng a given
fact, a person, or a given object, and the existence of such a fact, person or object: a person, or an object,
does exist only if it is named and classified with a word: the mechanism that allows this transformation
from a contradiction into a paradox is clearly revealed by the mental process followed by a Nowau poet
in composing an oral text as it is briefly described in this short article.
Key-Words
Etnografia (melanesia), Kitawa is. (mbp, papua new guinea), composizione-esecuzione testi orali, testo
orale-testo scritto, contraddizione-paradosso.
lucA bondioli, AleSSiA nAVA, AleSSAndrA Sperduti

I hope the ancients loved their children too. Gli infanti nel record archeo-antropologico tra
invisibilità, pratiche di infanticidio e fenomeni di reproductive wastage
The archeological literature reports many cases of funerary contexts characterized by the exclusive
presence of perinates, generally marked by “anomalous” or “weak” rituals. These findings have very
often suffered from an over interpretation, based on the non-universally valid equation of “anomalous
ritual = abnormal death”. Emblematic in this respect is the quarrel about the Carthaginian tofet
traditionally interpreted, on iconographic and textual evidence, as infants’ sacrifices. The historical-
archaeological debate has also involved the analysis of the skeletal remains with contrasting results. On
the same skeletal series two distinct research groups have obtained two different demographic profiles:
a group suggests higher ages for most the individuals, the other group emphasizes the equal sex ratio
and the presence of a high number of pre-term fetuses and perinates. The first evidence is read as infant
sacrifice in Carthage, implying a possible emotional detachment (lack of love?), while according to the
alternative data it is possible to recognize a specific attention towards the individual who died at birth,
which were buried in a specific part of the necropolis as a possible sign of love/pietas.
The topic of infanticide has also been repeatedly recalled for Greek and Roman funerary contexts, as
suppression of unhealthy infants or for practical-economic reasons.
A critical review of the aforementioned evidence is needed, acknowledging the key role of skeletal
analyses, and demographic and epidemiological modeling (such as the phenomenon of the reproductive
wastage), in constructing alternative hypotheses. Thus, not entirely discarding the idea that in ancient
societies practices of infanticide, abandonment (or other subtler forms of abuse such infant neglect) were
put into practice, our goal is to propose a more rigorous understanding of the archeo-anthropological
evidence, free of preconceptions and, above all, not influenced by the lures of the “yellow science”.
Key-Words
Paleodemography, infant mortality, infanticide.
melAniA gigAnte
Ti ho amato fino alla morte. Lo studio antropologico delle sepolture di madri e feti: il caso della
gestante dalla necropoli di Pithekoussai (VIII sec. a.C. - età romana)
In the archaeological record, the discovery of skeletal remains of pregnant women is a rather rare
and therefore remarkable event. In order for the mother-fetus death to be archaeologically visible, the
expectant mother must be buried with her unborn child or with the fetus died preterm. In the funerary
record, the invisibility of pregnancy can also be determined by factors such as:
a. the bones ossification stage and mineralization of teeth in the fetus;
b. Specifical cultural practices for the deceased in pregnancy;
c. Lack of recognition of the coffin-birth phenomenon.
This contribution aims to present the unpublished case of mother-fetus from a cremation of Pithekoussai’s
necropolis.
Key-Words
Pregnant woman, skeletal remains, fetus remains in utero, cremation, dystocic childbirth, twins, burials,
coffin-birth, childhood, maternal mortality, perinatal death.
biAncA ferrArA
Le tombe di bambino in contesti indigeni dell’Italia centro-meridionale: gesti d’amore verso i
più piccoli
This paper is aimed to highlight the way the infants and children were buried in southern Italy during
the Archaic and Classic period. We analyzed the different funerary rites, the types of sepulture, and
the grave-goods related to infants, children and adolescents’ burials in indigenous southern Italy as a
consequence of their social role. If the kind of burial is almost the same in all the areas we analyzed,
its topographic distribution can be quite different, pointing out various settlement models, while the
composition of the grave-good can reflect not only the deceased high economical and social status, but
it can also assume a symbolic meaning, underlining how deeply the adults took care of the children
premature death.
Key-Words
Southern Italy, indigenous peoples, relationship between settlements and necropoleis, funerary rites,
children premature death.
SilViA luSuArdi SienA, elenA dellù, federicA mAtteoni

Le sepolture dei bambini di Nocetum tra epoca medievale e moderna: pratiche deposizionali e
monete d’accompagnamento come segni d’amore
In the church of Santi Filippo and Giacomo of Nosedo (Milan) archaeological excavations have brought
to light a cemetery of Middle and Modern Ages. Some children’s burials were made near the tomb of
an old woman buried many centuries before, and in some cases, the kids present the deposition of coins
placed in their hands or on their pelvis.
The study adopted an interdisciplinary approach where archaeological and bio-archaeological data
were made to dialogue with Cultural Anthropology and historical sources.
Some ritual gestures adopted by family members have shown how much the living people wished to
ease and aid the transition to the Afterlife especially for younger deceaseds.
Key-Words
Milan, Middle and Modern Ages, childhood, coins, afterlife.
mAriA gioVAnnA belcAStro, VAlentinA mAriotti

Le relazioni enigmatiche: la sepoltura triplice di Dolní Věstonice (Moravia, 27-26000 BP)
The reconstruction of the biological profile of skeletal remains is fundamental for the interpretation
of archaeological contexts. However, neither sex nor age are usually unequivocally determined. We
discuss the way in which sex attribution can affect the interpretation of a funerary context (and vice
versa!) by analysing the widely studied triple Gravettian burial of Dolní Věstonice (Moravia), where
an individual of uncertain sex is buried between two males. The position of the skeletons suggests an
‘affair’ that has favoured the interpretation of the central individual as a female. However, considering
its recent genetic attribution of male sex, we ask ourselves how much our cultural schemes influence the
interpretation of archaeological contexts belonging to cultures so far form ours.
Key-Words
Dolní Věstonice, sex, age, funerary rituals, ochre.
AnnA mAriA d’onofrio, luigi gAllo, AndreA piccioli, AleSSAndrA Sperduti

Amore e morte nella famiglia reale macedone. Alla ricerca di Filippo II
Where is buried Philip II king of Macedonia? To whom may we attribute the skeletal remains from
the Tombs I and II at Vergina? These are the questions at the very core of a long, harsh and perhaps
never-ending debate that began right after the discovery of the tombs of Vergina in 1977. A controversy
involving scholars from various disciplines through the production of a vast bibliography. Andronikos,
the discoverer of the site, claimed indeed that the Tomb II belonged to Philip II and his young wife
Cleopatra; subsequently other hypotheses were put forward, among the others, the suggestion that
the woman buried with Philip II is the Thracian princess Meda. Some authors indicate Philip III and
his wife Euridyce as the true occupants of the tomb. Very recently this scenario was complicated by a
renovated attention toward the Tomb I and the proposal that its occupants might be the best candidate
as Philip II and Cleopatra.
Here we present a reconsideration of the historical, archaeological, anthropological evidence published
so far, showing some severe pitfalls in the interpretation and concluding that the issue of the identification
of the occupants of the Tombs I and II at Vergina is still far from being resolved.
Key-Words
Bridal couple, burials, Euridyce, Meda, Philip II, Philip III, Royal Tombs at Vergina, Macedonia,
Thrace, paleopathology, weapons.
criStinA bASSi, VAleriA Amoretti

Storie di passione, affetto, devozione: le diverse sfumature dell’amore dalle aree cimiteriali di
Riva del Garda (TN)
The death of a beloved person implies a variety of behaviours – motivated by suffering due to the loss
– that involves the use of specific ritual practices.
The discovery of several burials and the attendance to these cemeteries in a limited territorial area –
Riva del Garda (TN - Italy) – allowed to identify behaviours and recognize specific uses that could be
related to particularly painful situations as seems confirmed by the analysis of the anthropological data.
Furthermore, the discovery, within a female burial, of an amulet celebrating the consecration of that
woman to her beloved man, entrusting herself to the eastern Gods, is an exceptional evidence of a great
love that comes directly from the antiquity.
Key-Words
Riva del Garda (Italy), roman age, burials, rituals, anthropology.
eleonorA romAnò
L’amore coniugale tra convenzionalità iconografica e realismo ‘patetico’ del commiato. Forme,
gesti e tempi comunicativi nelle urne etrusche di età ellenistica
The ling-lasting production period of the Hellenistic Etruscan urns, typical of the territories of the
ancient Chiusi, Perugia and Volterra, allows to evaluate the diachronic evolution of decorations,
iconographic choices and inserted symbols, connected with the precise will of the commissions or of
the producers themselves.
The representation of conjugal love is quite common, especially in the Volterra sphere in the centuries
II and I BC: in such cases the official nature of the bond merges with the juridical-social significance
and it is privately and publicly diffused by mean of funerary containers.
The expressive ways of marital fidelity, of strong affectivity, and of the resulting pain for the death of one
of the two, represent variations and shadings which are beyond the most commonly used compositional
choices and esult from the internal processing of the same lapicides executed upon request. The most
intimate attesting choices provide models derived from Greek mythological narrative forms (directly
extracted from these or locally reworked) or from different moments of coupledom and representing
amorous union; they see in the funeral scene the enrichment of ‘pathetic messages’ related to the parting
between the two lovers. Further information is ideological-affective and mainly refers to the “times” of
the couple: from the moment of the official union to that of the final greetings, the different phases can
be prefigured (in some specimens explicitly and personally) to precise ways in the family relationship.
With this study, we intend to examine the iconographic, symbolic and thematic aspects with which one
of the two spouses chose to honor the other by communicating the life they spent together.
Key-Words
Etruscan urns, conjugal love, funerary containers, marital fidelity, amorous union.
cAndidA felli
Una, nessuna e centomila: immagini di piangenti e altre figure femminili in Siria e Mesopotamia
fra III e II millennio a.C.
This article tackles the question of representations of naked women in Near Eastern Art by approaching
specific iconographic types within the group of nude females occurring in a number of different media
in Mesopotamia and Syria. Archaeological as well as textual data are taken into consideration in order
to provide contextual analyses of selected artefacts. Aim of this study is to provide new insights in the
discussion over the range of meanings applied to apparently similar images occurring in the visual
repertoire of that part of the ancient world.
Key-Words
Mesopotamia, Syria, woman, nudity, ritual, mourning.
mAriAnne kleibrink
I pendenti enotri con hieròs gàmos dalla Calabria e il metodo di Panofsky
Among the first Italic bronze pendants of the 8th century BC are figurines of a nude woman and man
holding their inner arms around the other person’s shoulder. Following Erwin Panofsky’s steps for art-
historical analysis, several of these tiny figures may be identified as hieros gamos (holy matrimony)
couples because of iconographic parallels from the Eastern Mediterranean and elsewhere, among
others the famous ‘Hera and Zeus’ couple from Samos, although of later date. Panofsky’s next step,
iconological analysis, must answer our curiosity as to how and why these bronze pendants of a loving
couple became popular in indigenous Calabria and whether the original meaning had adhered to the
images or whether they were seen as something else altogether. In the proposed paper Panofsky’s
method is followed by scrutinising the find contexts – mainly prosperous 8th-century BC graves and a
sanctuary at Timpone della Motta, Francavilla Marittima – for an answer. Iconological analysis is based
upon the posing of one major question; that is, it persistently asks why this image has assumed this
shape at this historical moment.
Key-Words
Hieròs gámos, iconografia, Enotri, pre/proto-urbanizzazione, sistema Erwin Panofsky, Francavilla
Marittima (Lagaria).
frAnceSco de StefAno
Il tema iconografico dello hieròs gàmos. Espressioni figurative e rituali di transizione a Metaponto
in età arcaica
The theme of the hieròs gàmos – the marriage of Zeus and Era – was of particular importance to the
Greeks, for its link with the wedding rituals, of which the divine couple was patron. Iconographic
testimonies of this mythical theme are documented in several centers of Greek world, often in
association with sanctuaries. In Metaponto it is attested in a series of archaic pinakes, of which we can
define the original contexts. Moving from the analysis of the characteristics of these sites and from the
possible relationships with material culture related to them – e.g. pinakes – this paper aims to address
the problem of the possible connections between the semantic functions of the iconographic theme of
hieròs gàmos and the religious prerogatives of the places where it was exposed.
Key-Words
Hieròs gàmos, Metaponto, temple C, ancient Greek religion, iconography and iconology.
ettore JAnulArdo
Raffigurazioni settecentesche dell’antico: liberi Amori(ni) in vendita
Among the first to try his hand at re-proposing the ancient scene of The Cupid Seller from Stabiae’s
Villa Arianna, Joseph-Marie Vien dedicates himself to this painting through the mediation that Carlo
Nolli provides in a print. Vien realizes a version of the Marchande d’Amours which is characterized
by its contemporary setting and by the reversal of the position of the characters depicted. Unlike the
original scene, a spatial interpretation is determined in the canvas which, in addition to illustrating an
elegant classical interior, unifies the setting of the episode: the clear demarcation present in the ancient
fresco is overcome in favor of an airy space, where the pilasters and the furnishings give vertical
impetus and relief to the setting.
Place of a staging of love, the space inside the painting masks itself of ancient through the reference
to the fresco: simulating a Greek setting, we find ourselves on a sentimental game plan where the
characters play the parts, as well as the accurate furnishing appears to be intrinsically theatrical. In a
game of cross-references and mirroring, everything appears authentically false: the essentiality of the
ancient fresco turns into a unitary but multifocal space, where the observer’s eye captures decorative
elements and risks not observing expressions and gestures.
Key-Words
The Cupid Seller, Joseph-Marie Vien, Carlo Nolli, multifocal space, Denis Diderot.
chiArA puSSetti
Appunti per una antropologia dell’amore
The concept of romantic love has received scarce attention from anthropologists because it has been
considered too intimate an experience in comparison with the ‘proper’ scientific study of marriage,
kinship and descent. Anthropology’s failure to engage with love is also a product of the western
discourse on emotions and sexuality of the cultural “Other”. For decades anthropologists have assumed
that romantic love was a specific product of the European cultural and historical experience, virtually
non-existent outside of Europe, and especially unknown in sub-Saharan Africa. In this paper I will
consider Africa not as a culturally homogeneous context, but as a geographical area invested with
a multitude of significations, imaginary, desires, fantasies or even phantoms, which, by force of

repetition, became authoritative narratives. Therefore, I will discuss firstly the colonial representation
of Africans as hypersexual, instinctual, primitive, morally inferior, emotionally immature and without
the intellectual depth required for nobler sentiments like romantic love. I will highlight how these
dehumanizing discourses, denying Africans the experience of romantic love and reducing them to pure
sexual instinct, justified once slavery and colonial domination as well as legitimate now the deployment
of illiberal practices on immigrants’ bodies. Finally, I will analyse the specificity and polysemy of the
emic concept of love (edík) in the emotional narratives of Bijagó people (Guinea Bissau), examining
the role of romance in the making of gendered modernities, and discussing the materiality of love
and economies of intimacy in a changing economic and political context. My current fieldwork is
supported by my individual post-doc project funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and
Technology (FCT) (SFRH/BPD/95998/2013) and by the project EXCEL. “The Pursuit of Excellence.
Biotechnologies, enhancement and body capital in Portugal” which has received funding FCT, under
the grant agreement nº PTDC/SOC-ANT/30572/2017 under my coordination as PI.
Key-Words
Colonialism, racialization, ethnopornography, Bijagó romantic poetics and songs, modernity.
AnAStASiA mArtino
Amore e “razionalità morale” della sessualità e della riproduzione in Messico
This paper presents some data of an ethnographic research, conducted in Mexico, on sexuality and
reproduction. The analysis is focused on the “dangerous” consequences that love relationship may
have: unwanted pregnancies in a context where abortion is illegal. The aim is to analyze the concept of
love associated with that of “moral rationality”. According this “moral rationality”, women must “take
care of themselves” in order to be able to take care of children, husband and the family.
Such “moral rationality” emerges in everyday life reproducing certain patterns of life and social
relationships. From this specific declination of rationality comes the idea of a feminine responsibility of
reproduction, of sexuality and, above all, of the “consequences” of the love and/or sexual relationship.
Key-Words
Sexuality, reproduction, morality, emotions, women.
gioVAnnA ritA bellini, gioVAnni murro, wAlter pAntAno

Consacrazione. La sfera del trascendente dalla tomba 19 della necropoli settentrionale di
Aquinum (Castrocielo - Fr)
Excavations carried out in the northern necropolis of Aquinum (Castrocielo-FR) have revealed a wide
range chronological and cultural range. A burial characterized by obvious female markers showed,
from the examination of the skeletal remains during the excavation and with a subsequent DNA test,
the gender of the individual: male. the man, who died in old age, suffered from a serious pathology that
gave him a rigidity and a bent posture. A male inside a tomb characterized by some obvious female
elements that recall the symposium, poses many problems of interpretation, both for the ritual aspects
and for the social identity of the buried.
Key-Words
Necropolis, Aquinum, Castrocielo, rituals, ankylosing spondylitis.
cleliA petrAccA
Mogli barbute e Afrodite bisessuale
In his Moralia, Plutarch describes a bizarre custom spread among Argive brides connected with a
legendary story of female heroism. According to a local law, they wore a beard in the bridal suite
to claim their social superiority over their husband, former perioikoi who obtained the citizenship.
These masculine and bearded brides remind one of the most unknown aspect of the cult of Aphrodite.
Goddess of love, beauty and pleasure, she is born from the contact between sea foam and Uranus’
genitals, so she is androgynous by her nature. Several rituals and cults, in fact, underlines her bisexual
identity: she is honored throughout Greece as warrior goddess (like the oriental goddess Astart), she
is mentioned in literary sources as τήν θεόν, she is worshiped in Cyprus as Ἀφρόδιτος with feminine
bearded statuettes.
Key-Words
Telesilla, intersexual disguise, transgender rituality, bearded Aphrodite, warrior goddess.
mAriA cAterinA Schettini

Le relazioni “pericolose” nell’eros: storie di amori “impossibili” dal mito alla letteratura e le loro
rappresentazioni iconografiche
A liaison implies an emotional connection between two persons that can take on different forms: pure
spirituality, predominance of intercourse, unrequited love that causes pain and in extreme cases even
death. The last two aspects of love generate “dangerous” liaisons. The ancient Greeks knew these
“dangerous” liaisons well. In this paper, starting from the anthropological analysis of some “impossible”
love stories drawn from Greek mythology, I will try to explain the three types of “dangerous” liaisons:
parental, “waiting” and sick, attributing their causes and consequences (which I will call “categories”).
Later I will look at the love stories of ancient and modern literature that are analogous to those of
mythology and finally I will study their iconographies.
Key-Words
Dangerous liaisons, Greek mythology, incest, arranged marriage, wait of love, narcissism.
lucA bASile, criStinA pugliA

“Compagni d’amore” nella Grecia arcaica e classica: una prospettiva tra archeologia e psicologia
sull’omosessualità nel mondo antico
Our contribution treats about social development and meaning of Greek homosexuality in the polis of
Athens during sixth and fifth century B.C. We have focused on three specific aspects of the Greek society
like the symposium, the gymnasium and the myth in order to understand this typology of relationship in
the context of the juvenile education. We have dealt with some particular pottery’s productions (Attic
black and red-figure pottery), mirror of a part of the Athenian society, in which figured scenes related to
this type of love appear. From the analysis of these data we have developed the hypothesis that Greek
homosexuality is a mechanism put in place by society to create a cohesive and dominant social class.
In this respect it deals with a sort of preparation to adult heterosexuality in which the marriage and the
birth of sons are the final intention to fill up the city ranks.
Key-Words
Greek homosexuality, paideia, attic pottery, symposium, gymnasium, social rituals, object relations.
mArco Serino
Apaturie e gamelia in una “casa sacra” di Himera? L’amore al tempo delle fratrie
The objects found within a single house from the plateau of Himera allow us to put forward some
suggestive hypotheses in relation to the final use-destination of this area: in fact, within these rooms
it is possible to record an anomalous concentration of red figure pottery made by a single workshop.
Besides that, we can appreciate the presence of numerous fragments of terracotta female statuettes and
arulae, and large numbers of loom-weights, arrowheads and astragaloi/knucklebones. The selection
of some particular and unusual iconographic themes, with their semantic and symbolic dimension,
would seem to refer – to different degrees – to the nuptial world and to the passages of status of both
the female and male component. The combination of the information coming from the reappraisal of
the archaeological context and from the iconographic analysis of the scenes depicted on the red figure
Sicilian vases allow us to suggest the existence of some very peculiar ritual activities (probably, a
local Apatouria) within one of the most interesting examples in an ancient Greek city of a sacred oikos
belonging to a phratry.
Key-Words
Red figure pottery, Himera, Apatouria, phratry, sacred house.
lorenzo VerderAme
“Che il mio pene sia teso come un arco!” Amore e sesso nei rituali ed esorcismi dell’antica
Mesopotamia
Love charms and potency incantations are an important part of the exorcistic and therapeutic literary
tradition in ancient Mesopotamia. These texts share a series of symbols, metaphors, and motifs with
myths and other literature (i.e. love-lyrics), showing, not only a common referential repertoire, but also
elements of intra/metatextuality. Furthermore, they offer an important insight of the society and context
in which they were composed.
Key-Words
Mesopotamia, love, sexuality, incantations, rituals, divination, potency incantations.
AleSSAndro guidi
L’amore al tempo della preistoria
In this paper the A. tries to collect many representations (statuettes, rock art, pottery) of erotic and/or sexual
relationships from the Paleolithic to the Iron Age in a geographic area between Europe and Near East.
In this framework also childbirth scenes and representations of mothers with a dead son are analyzed.
Key-Words
Love, sex, prehistory.
fAbiAnA SuSini, eleonorA romAnò

Dalla parola allo spazio dell’amore: diacronia e rapporti tra forme lessicali, modalità sessuali e
luoghi delle relazioni ‘non ufficiali’
The imposition of Christianity on Western civilizations influenced the approach of research into the
themes of sexuality for centuries. In Roman society sexuality, in its various forms, was perceived as a
natural thing: the pleasures of the flesh are not repressed and the many forms of sexual intercourse are
not despised. In the late Republican and in the Imperial Ages, sexual pleasure, even outside the marriage,
was considered a legitimate and personal choice: many and cheap were the places of ‘unofficial’ love
(called specifically lupanares) and innumerable were women available for a fee (called meretrices, or
more volgarly lupae). The linguistic expressions associated with this kind of sexuality (for example,
prostare ‘standing in front of the brothel’, prostituere ‘to show’) are “technical terms” that are also
attested in subsequent centuries in reference to that hedonistic reality.
The advent of Christianity, from late antiquity to the whole Middle Age, has limited the use of this
linguistic forms and prohibited behaviors associated with prostitution, considered sinful and immoral,
and therefore subject to public sanctions. In spite of this, the sexing industry continued to spread,
occupying closed spaces, hidden to the common judgment. This paper focus on the theme of the
circulation of linguistic elements related to sexual practices, their free manifestation and their related
structures in a diachronic sense.
Key-Words
Prostitute, brothel, sexuality, hedonistic, whore.
SArA cArAmello
Lungo le sponde del Nilo. Lo specchio d’acqua come luogo di seduzione nella letteratura
dell’Antico Egitto
The shores of lakes and pools, just as the banks of a river, often represent the scenery of romantic and
sexual meetings: these places are real loci amoeni attested in most of the literatures of ancient and
modern times, and also in the ancient Egyptian literary texts. The stretch of water appears not only in
many Egyptian love poems, but also in other literary genre compositions, and its use changes according
to the genre. In poetry, the stretch of water represents, on the one hand, a perfect scenery for the
courtship and the love meetings, and, on the other hand, an inexhaustible source of metaphors and love
allusions. In narrative and mythological texts, ponds, canals and obviously the Nile provide an excellent
backdrop for love meetings and are functional for the development of the action.
Key-Words
Stretch of water, locus amoenus, love meeting, Egyptian love poems, Egyptian myths.
giAncArlo germAnà bozzA

Alcune osservazioni sulla ierodulia nei santuari di Afrodite della Sicilia
Sacred prostitution was a ritual that consisted essentially of sexual intercourse or other erotic-type activities
inserted in a cultural context in a sacred space as a form of fertility ritual or hierogamy. The origins of
this practice have been identified in the Near East, but there is no lack of attestations in Greece (Corinth),
Magna Graecia (Locri Epizefiri) and Sicily (Erice). In the Greek context it came to affirm the use of the verb
κορινθιάareομαι, which meant “to frequent prostitutes”. Recent studies have questioned this interpretation
preferring the formula “sacred sexuality”, which did not involve payment, but at most the payment of a
symbolic portion of money that ended up in the temple treasury. The priestess (hierodule) did not necessarily
have to be a “sacred prostitute”, but a woman freed from servitude and “dedicated” to divinity.
This paper intends to analyze the practice of sacred prostitution in the sanctuaries of Locri Epizefiri and
Erice in the light of literary sources and the most recent archaeological investigations, comparing these
widely documented places of worship with other less studied sacred areas present in some Greek and
Punic cities of the Sicilia. In this study the presence of the cult of Aphrodite in Syracuse is analyzed, in
particular. His relationship with the Corinthian motherland and frequent contacts with Locri Epizefiri,
as well as some recent archaeological discoveries in Ortigia, could suggest the presence of a sanctuary
of Aphrodite in which sacred prostitution was practiced. The analysis of these places of worship can
provide further elements for the study of this cultic practice.
Key-Words
Afrodite, Erice, Locri Epizefiri, Magna Grecia, Ortigia, Sicilia, Siracusa.
SilViA Aglietti
Dicta autem castra quasi casta, vel quod illic castraretur libido. I castra del limes come barriere di
genere?
Roman soldiers were banned from marriage from the time of Augustus until the third century AD,
when Septimius Severus introduced the ius conubii. However, many epigraphical sources document the
existence of soldiers’ wives in the first two centuries AD. The wives and family de facto had to live outside
the walls of the military bases, but a number of seemingly typical female items have been found in barrack
blocks inside legionary fortresses and auxiliary forts along the limes. A part of this research project has
focused on these objects from a gender perspective, in an attempt to demonstrate the presence of soldiers
living with their families inside army bases. The methods and conclusions don’t go without criticism.
Key-Words
Roman army, military bases, marriage ban, women, sexing small finds.
frAnceScA SAntini
L’amore tra uomo e animali: tre casi studio di sepolture di animali tra rito e culto nella provincia
di Rieti
The purpose of this paper is emphasizing a particular kind of love: the love between men and animals.
By deepening the ritual gestures and the cultual mean that led to the intentional act of animals’ deposition
in funerary contexts, beside the owner or sacrificing them in honor of the deceased. In this study three
contexts are shown: the finding of a mule buried in a pit near three human tombs, one of which is
probably of his owner, in the necropolis of Corvaro di Borgorose (RI); the remains of five dogs found
in a room tomb with at least two humans in loc. Collina dei Gelsi - Poggiosommavilla (Collevecchio,
RI); the remains of a calf sacrificed on the grave of a child at the cd. Terme di Cotilia (Cittaducale, RI).
These contexts show the existence of a very close bond that has been established between men and
animals, both in life and death. Therefore, we try to reconstruct and rethink the choice of being
accompanied in the death by their own animal, precisely by the companion of a life, that shared time,
worked with and much more.
This paper attempts to find a common thread of these three archaeological contexts, showing the
affective bond between humans and animals, and representing the cultual side most closely related to
the sacrifice of an animal that had yet a significant symbolic and economic value.
Key-Words
Animal burials, funeray practices, animal sacrifice.
giuliA pedrucci
“Interspecies” Love between Men and Animals in the Greek and Roman Worlds: Did Anti-
litteram Vegetarians and Animalists Exist?
All through antiquity, the worlds of humans and animals were interlaced. Although anthropomorphic,
for example, the deities of the Greco-Roman pantheon had their favorite animals and routinely
communicated through them their will, and on occasion they took for themselves the shape of animals
when visiting the world of the mortals. Although ancient Greek and Roman people did use animals to
eat, work and cover themselves, they constantly show love and respect for not-human beings, and, with
the passing of time, some people started to advocate a vegetarian life style.
Key-Words
Greek and Roman worlds, vegetarian diet, animal activism, interspecies love, religion.
AleSSAndrA Sperduti
Ossa e DNA …La verità, vi prego, sull’amore! Il contributo dell’antropologia fisica per la
ricostruzione dei comportamenti sessuali e “amorosi” del passato
A skeleton, an ancient biomolecule, chemical-physical signals extracted from bones and teeth. They
may appear as cold objects of analysis, far remote from the topics introduced by the meeting. Indeed,
these (and other sources of data) are the means by which bioanthropology can provide interesting
insights and useful evidence for the reconstruction of the sexual and “romantic” behaviors of the past.
Moreover, bioanthropology, as “border science”, drives us to extend the interest beyond our
own species, embracing a comparative and evolutionary perspective; as “dialoguing science”, it
acknowledges instances emerging from other fields of knowledge and borrows interpretative models
of other disciplines. If the purpose is to understand complex human phenomena (such as prosocial
behavior, mating systems, pair bonding, parent-child attachment), the application of the interpretative
scheme/guide suggested by Nikolaas Tinbergen for ethological research undoubtedly represents a valid
starting point.
This contribution will discuss research topics relevant to the themes of the meeting and will present
case studies in which the biological evidence played a key role in the narrative-building processes. At
the same time, it will stress the intrinsic limits of our present datasets and discuss some of the major
methodological issues and interpretative complexities. Among the many themes which can benefit from
the involvement of bioanthropology we should list:
• the sexual behavior of humans and other primates, between evolutionary trajectories, adaptive
models, genetic determinants and individual choices;
• the neurological bases of romantic and maternal love, with the latest evidence from functional
magnetic resonance imaging;
• the phenomenon of hybridization between different human populations during the Pleistocene;
• systems of endogamy, exogamy, patrilocality in ancient human societies;
• the origin of the mononuclear family;
• family relationships in funerary contexts;
• the multiple intersections between sex and gender;
• gender inequality and abuse phenomena;
• social care of infants or disabled persons.
Many of these issues, though addressed with highly interdisciplinarity and scientific rigor, are still
far from being completely understood: when it comes to feelings and behaviors, ours is, ultimately, a
“tragically confused species”.
Key-Words
Human sexuality, mating systems, evolution, ancient DNA, isotopes, funerary archaeology,
neuroimaging.
enrico zAnini
Digging in love: riflessioni sul ruolo dell’amore (in senso lato) nella produzione della conoscenza
archeologica
Archaeological excavation necessarily counts among the social practices, because it involves groups of
people, interacting each another at different levels. Since archaeological excavation it’s also matter of
“passion”, one could ask if – and in the case, in which way – the quality of human interaction inside the
research group can affect both quantity and quality of produced archaeological knowledge. After the
“heroic” season of 1970th/1980th, when archaeological fieldwork was largely operated by groups of
“friends”, in the last decades many problems arose in organizing and managing field staffs combining
the exigencies of solid and longlasting research groups and the “vital” necessity of renovating the
“passion” with new people carrying new ideas and approaches.
Key-Words
Excavation, field research groups, human and social relationships, passion, affectivity.
mAuro puddu
Frammenti archeologici di un discorso amoroso: o del miserere di un trovatore
Archaeology is still a relatively young profession whose institutional profile needs a consistent update.
This gap between archaeology and other professions, frustrating for the individuals employed in the
industry, is often filled by the archaeologist’s love and passion for archaeology. This paper tries to
investigate this consuming and still passionate relationship by giving it a shape of official discourse,
through the filter of Roland Barthes’ book “Fragments d’un discours amoureux.” The result of this
paper, focused on the material conditions met by archaeologists in the UK, is the necessity to give such
discourse more space in the future, to avoid the archaeologist to be relegated at the margin of the society
like a lover that is not loved back by the object of his love.
Key-Words
Archaeological fragments, love, discourse, Roland Barthes, identification, London, Werther’s love VS
capitalist love, commercial archaeology.
roberto Sirigu
Archeologia come compassione
“Only love does not end”. This was the closing speech at the 2015 “Anthropology and Archaeology
of Death” conference. These were also the words of the protagonist of the movie “Silent souls”
which was screened at the end of the conference as well. The main character, belonging to the Merja
(Merya) ethnic group, has just completed the funeral ritual for his prematurely departed wife. I
interpret this as an explicit programmatic intent and as a fitting prelude to my new, current conference:
“Anthropology and Archaeology of Love”. I feel is legitimate to pick up the thread of my speech
from back then starting here, and asking: isn’t it necessary to look over the past with compassion, in
order to survive?
Key-Words
Archeology, death, funeral ritual, love, compassion.
sessIone poster
rocco bochicchio, pAmelA mAnzo

Dall’amore eroico all’amore sacro: “Le nozze di Paride ed Elena” su un puteal dedicato a Diana
Lochia
This paper examines a Neo-Attic scene on a puteal, which has been transformed into a krater in modern
times and which could be interpreted as the persuasion of Elena to draw into Paride’s arms. The scene
could be included as fitting within an “alternating cycle” which starts at the mythical episode of Peleo
and Teti’s gamos, leading to the “re-founding” of Rome by Augustus, the new Romulus and one to
continue the descent of Aeneas. An element of this cycle is also the inscription attesting to the devotion
of Graeceia Rufa Pomponia to Diana Lochia, which has allowed to further analyse other putealia
dedications to female goddesses related to the cult of water and that of fertility.
Key-Words
Puteal, Paride, Elena, Diana Lochia, alternating cycle, water, fertility.
frAnceScA fulminAnte
Libertà e condizionamenti culturali e ambientali dell’amore materno: variabilità e tendenze nella
durata dell’allattamento e dell’età del completo svezzamento nel Mediterraneo e in Europa dalla
Preistoria al Medioevo
Breastfeeding is an intimate practice that bonds emotionally and physically the mother and the
child, but is also a socio-cultural practice that meets strong reactions between sustainers and
opponents.
The reconstruction of breastfeeding and weaning practices in past population today is an important
topic because it relates to lifestyle, food habits, production and beliefs. In addition timing and modes
of breastfeeding and weaning can have a substantial effect on infant morbidity and mortality with
important consequences for palaeo-epidemiology and paleo-demography.
Recent progresses in chemical and physical analyses of bones and teeth allow us to define with
sufficient precision the duration of breastfeeding and the age of completion of weaning of populations
and individuals. Thanks to horizontal and longitudinal studies of Nitrogen, Carbon and Oxygen
isotope variations it is possible to identify general trends but also individual variations within the same
community.
Through a review of isotope studies of ancient Mediterranean and European populations from Prehistory
to the Middle Ages, this paper shows the relation and the contrast between trends but also individual
choices in infant feeding practices in the past and discusses the dialectic between freedom and socio-
cultural or environmental bonds with reference to this particular ‘sign’ of maternal love.
Key-Words
Infant feeding, isotopes, europe, mediterranean, urbanization.
luigi gAmbAro, SArA chierici, VAleriA Amoretti, dAniele ArobbA

L’amore che aspetta. Una singolare testimonianza di sepoltura differita da Albintimilium (IM)
The municipium of Albintimilium is located at the eastern boundary of the present city of Ventimiglia
(IM) where, during the Roman age, there was the only plain space between the creek of Nervia to the
east, the slopes of the Collasgarba to the north and the sea to the south. The founding of the Roman city
dates back to the second century BC and occupies the land that Liguri Intemelii inhabited at that time.
The heyday lied in the imperial era, when it attended to the construction of the main public buildings,
which would follow a progressive and slow decline, although archaeological investigations, still under
way, confirm a continuity of life until the VI - VII century AD. Later the built-up area would be moved
from the Nervia plain to the present uptown, to the west of the Roja River, in a higher and better
defendable place.
To the west of the urban district, below the modern railroad track, there was an extended necropolis, already
formed during the early imperial age, which began at the exit of the city main door, still partially preserved,
called “Provençal” and proceeded to the sides of Via Iulia Augusta. At the beginning of the III century AD,
this area of the city was occupied by the theater building, built on the western side of the late republican
city walls now abandoned. At a later stage, coinciding with a gradual abandonment of the public facilities,
the theater outdoor and indoor area would be occupied by late burials. Particularly, in the area between the
“Gate of Provence” and the external hemicycle of the theater − near a 1st-century funerary monument (M
fence) −, from 1948 under the direction of Nino Lamboglia, a nucleus of burials (Tombs 157-172), mainly
amphora or “cappuccina” tombs dating from the third to the fourth century A.D., was dig up.
Here is proposed the analysis of a peculiar superimposed burial (t 157) of two distinct individuals.
The lower tomb (t 157B) was a canonical “cappuccina tomb”, with three large tiles arranged flat, closed
to the head by one in a vertical position and other six placed sloped. When the grave was discovered,
it was almost free of earthy damages and had kept the skeleton intact as well as all the grave goods.
It consists of a disc lamp with leaf vine decoration placed on the side of the right knee, a jet (gagate)
armilla still around the left humerus and two bronze rings at the fingers of the left hand. The dating of
the burial, based on the grave goods and the terracotta scraps rediscovered in the foundation pit, can be
ascribed to the late III century A.D.
At a later stage, above the top of the roof of the first deposition, there were placed three more large tiles
used as bed for the second deposition as a terracotta protection (T 157A), protected by an African amphora
longitudinally cut into two halves. At the time of the finding, the amphora was very damaged and maimed
of the hem and of the tip, but still recognizable as per typology, dating back to the III century A.D.
The small chronological distance, as evidenced by archaeological documentation, suggests that the
choice of placing the second person in direct contact with the roof of the former is intentional. Into the
necropolis, at present, this is the only “two-story” burial site, but it can be compared with the tomb 1 of
the Isasco necropolis (Varigotti - SV), which also includes a tomb consisting of a wooden coffin burial
protected by a stone wall and large tiles arranged flat that made up the bed of the second “cappuccina
tomb”. The dating proposed by Lamboglia for the tomb of Isasco, which at the time of its discovery was
found broadly tempered with, is the Augustan age because of the discovery of a coin and few surviving
materials, but the other burials of the necropolis are dating back to III-IV century A.D.
The anthropological analysis, happened nearly 60 years after the discovery and the recovery by
Lamboglia, as part of a global reassessment of the stratigraphy of the area, showed that the first
individual set down was a woman aged between 45 and 55 years, while the second one was a man aged
50 to 55 years. The man showed traces of an important pathology, probably DISH (Diffuse Idiopathic
Skeletal Hyperostosis).
There are no signs that reveal a genetic link, which could only be established by the DNA study of
both the individuals, but it is clear how intentionally a contact between the two tombs was deliberately
sought, highlighting an intentional eternal bond of affection.
Key-Words
Albintimilium, double burial, anthropology, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis, jet bracelet.
donAto lAbAte
L’amore oltre la morte: instrumentum e monumenti con scene erotiche da contesti funerari di
età romana
Instrumentum (lucernae and spintria), representing erotic scenes, has been found in 21 Roman tombs,
dating from the first and second until the third Century A.D. 70% of the erotic instrumentum has been
found in female tombs, and it seems not to be a sign of prostitution. The erotic scenes represented on the
instrumentum can be related to masculine erotic fantasy rather than to the feminine. It is possible that
men offered this instrumentum in the tombs of their beloved women as a memory of the pleasures of
life. As far as we know only one tomb with erotic scenes can be referred to a man: this is Telesistratos’
tombstone representing him having sex with a large penis, framed by 47 vulva. The Greek inscription
on top of the tombstone recalls that life gave the great pleasure of sex to Telesistratos.
Key-Words
Instrumentum et monuments with erotic scenes, lamps, spintriae, sex.
SoniA modicA
Canto/incanto d’amore arcaico: segni-segnali e spazio percettivo sonoro di riferimento nell’italia
preromana
What kind of function, in the language of love, could represent the action and the sound object for the
inhabitants of Italy in the Protostoric Period and the Archaic Times? The literary testimonies make it
explicit, ex post, with an ambivalent representation. Sound, in the form of poetry and expressed through
objects, even magical ones, transmits concrete solicitations. Within the amorous action, a sound object
is tenaciously fixed to the dichotomy between the powerful superhuman and the emotional human.
Key-Words
Soud objects, Protohistoric period, love, poetry, magic, spell.
michelA rAmAdori
L’amore nella cultura antica attraverso lo sguardo rinascimentale di Francesco Colonna: due sue
interpretazioni nella xilografia 50 dell’Hypnerotomachia Poliphili
Francesco Colonna in the Hypnerotomachia Poliphili (in English “Poliphilo’s Strife of Love in a
Dream”, a romance printed in Venice in 1499), gives a fresco of ancient culture through mythological
stories connected to a tale revolves around the theme of love. The result is a view of a man that lives
between 15th and 16th century, with his cultural background.
In this paper, I illustrate two opposite interpretations of love represented in the xylography 50 that
reproduces a carved relief on the Leda’s chariot.
Key-Words
Francesco Colonna, Hypnerotomachia Poliphili, Neoplatonism, Leda, Helen of Troy.
elenA SAntoro
“Amore e Morte ai tempi del colera”. Recenti scoperte nella chiesa del convento di San Francesco
a Policastro Bussentino (SA)
A recent excavation, carried out under archaeological supervision during the restoration of the church
of San Francesco Monastery at Policastro Bussentino (SA), allowed the retrieval of data on the local
community at a time when, towards mid-nineteenth century, faced a catastrophic event like an epidemic
of cholera. The religious complex, existing already in 1552, was closed in 1812 because of Napoleonic
laws for the suppression of ecclesiastical orders. After a few years of a state of abandon, the interior of
the church was affected by a new change of plans that also answered the need of adjusting the use of
spaces, now destined for funerary purposes to hold the victims of “sudden illness”. Particular attention
is paid to infant burials arranged in a lateral chapel of the church, in the niche that probably hosted
the statue of San Francesco. Even though the burial method is a manifestation of rituals and practices
codified in the local community, the choice of the church as a burial location represents the desire to
entrust the deceased to the protection of the Holy Patron of the city, which, in this circumstance, may
be the supreme divine guarantor of earthly salvation of the population. The case of Policastro is a clear
example of how the sentiment of Love tries to exorcise the drama of Death by surpassing the earthly
dimension, while, at the same time, preserving the Memory.
Key-Words
San Francesco Monastery at Policastro Bussentino, cholera, dealth, children, devotion.
lucA ScAlco
“Amore di mamma”: gesti materni sui monumenti funerari dell’Italia romana
The paper analyses the iconographical representations of physical contacts between mother and
child, sculpted on funerary monuments with portraits. It is based on the monuments proceeding from
the territories between Rome and the Alps, dated from the 1st to the 3rd century A.D: the maximum
concentration of such gestures is comprised between Claudian and Antonine period, and evidence is
limited to Rome and the Adriatic coast. By relating these monuments to the literary and social context
of Roman family, the analysis of the iconographical and epigraphical features contributes to delineate
the importance of domestic love in shaping sepulchral familiar representations and in communicating
the social role of women inside the household.
Key-Words
Roman funerary art, mother, child, gesture, Roman family, funerary monuments, emotion.
chiArA cAppAnerA
Divorati dalla passione: i rischi dell’amore non-normato nel mondo greco
A man from the Greek Classical period would have many sexual partners over the course of his lifetime;
both male and female. Therefore, erotic and sentimental relationships were ruled by conventions and
young men had to understand that they could not follow their own sexual impulses. The female Deamons
– Lamiai, Empousai, Gorgones – personified dangerous and feral sexuality and literally feasted on their
partners after feeding them with erotic pleasures. Nevertheless the heroes of these stories always beats,
killed o made the spirits “more reasonable” with the help of older and wiser people. These myths must
be read as an allegory because they demonstrate the risks involved for boys who are disrespectful of the
social and moral laws. The lesson was that if they allowed themselves to be consumed by passion, they
would be devoured by a hungry female monster.
Key-Words
Sexual behavior, child-snatching demons, non-regulated relationships, Empusa, Circe.
pierluigi giroldini
Uniti nella morte: una madre e un figlio dalla necropoli Orientalizzante di Bosco Le Pici
(Castelnuovo Berardenga, Siena)
Recent excavations at Bosco Le Pici (Castelnuovo Berardenga, SI), unearthed a little necropolis, in use
from the end of the 8th to the 2nd Century B.C. A still unpublished burial gave back a biconical urn with
a very particular cover-bowl. Inside the biconic were found fibulae and other bronze objects showing
evidence of the deposition of a female; together with the urn some other vases were found: footed
dishes, a jug and a little jug, containing the ashes of a little child (less than 1 year old). The presence
of ashes of adults and children in the same burial is not rare in central Italy during the Iron Age, but
normally ashes of two, or even more individuals are mixed into one single urn. Giving the newborn a
little urn could be connected with the importance of the Gens of the child (so that he received a funeral
as an adult). But the deposition of the kid could also be related to the adult female, showed as a mother
and represented in a symbolic protection of the child.
Key-Words
Etruscans, Iron Age, orientalising period, grief, death, child burial.
dAnielA fArdellA
“Coppie matrimoniali” di alto rango nella necropoli frentana di Larino-Carpineto
This contribution analyzes the coeval graves of the Larino-Carpineto necropolis in Southern Frentania,
which can be interpreted as “married couples” of high social status. The ritual of cremation and the
symbolic value of their meaning-bearing objects prove that during the fourth century BC Larino
was where some elitist groups stood out. They bought high value objects from Southern Italy and
strengthened their ties with adjacent populations trough marriage policies.
Key-Words
Coeval graves, married couples, elitist groups, meaning-bearing objects, Larino-Carpineto necropolis.
iSAbellA mArchettA
Il legame infinito: i doni funerari e le relazioni dell’amore eterno. Un tentativo interpretativo
partendo dai dati archeologici
Alain Caillè wrote that gift has connection value, because it produces significant social relationships,
so that this human relationship, with direct and indirect interactions, are much more important than the
gift same.
In an area of absolute freedom, in keeping with Mauss’s theory, the gift and its properties are animated
by the ancestral magic of eternal recurrence. The gift has a soul to bring people together.
Archaeology wonders about this theme with the example of grave goods.
The funerary gifts are the best example which regard this power to connect people: they are loving
gestures because are gift without equal exchange.
For this reason the funerary gift is a declaration of eternal love.
Key-Words
Funerary gift, relationship, eternal recurrence, grave goods, medieval cemeteries, love, care.
giuSeppe cAmbriA
Il ruolo dello strigile nelle tombe a incinerazione della necropoli ellenistica di Phoinike
The strigil is an object that has always had a specific symbolic value linked to the athlete or the virtuous
man. Although in literature this object is always interpreted and linked to male figures, the discovering,
in Phoinike (ancient Caonia-nowday Southern Albania), of an woman’s incineration grave, dated to the
late III-II BC, with a strigil among the grave goods, has allowed to corroborate some theories about the
role of this object when it is linked to the female sex. The presence of the strigil in the graves, appears
linked to marriage, as an important moment of a woman’s step into society and, specifically, the moments
of wedding bath and courtship. These moments are proved by different pictures on attics vases.
Key-Words
Caonia, Phoinike, Albania, necropolis, strigil, marriage, woman.
Il volume raccoglie gli atti del convegno “Antropologia e Archeologia dell’Amore” svoltosi presso il Parco regionale
dell’Appia Antica dal 26 al 28 maggio 2017, al quale hanno partecipato oltre 80 specialisti afferenti a diversi ambiti
disciplinari, nello spirito che ha sempre contraddistinto la serie di incontri di “Antropologia e Archeologia a confronto”
giunta alla sua IV edizione.
Al centro della discussione tra antropologi (fisici e culturali) e archeologi è stata in questa occasione la nozione stessa
di amore, affrontata in una prospettiva critica e problematica in rapporto sia alla sfera umana che a quella divina o, più
latamente, materiale, e indagata anche tenendo conto delle modalità attraverso le quali, in una data cultura, essa può
essersi diacronicamente e sincronicamente definita e trasmessa fino ad approfondire le eventuali dinamiche che
possono, nel tempo, aver contribuito più o meno consapevolmente a modificarla o alterarla in seguito al confronto o
all’incontro con altre culture. A tal fine e per gli scopi precipui di questo incontro, con il concetto di amore si è inteso
latamente e traslatamente l’intero ventaglio di percezioni emozionali, affettive e sessuali che può variamente connotare
l’esperienza umana, dalle prime fasi in cui si definisce e si esprime l’identità di genere a quelle in cui maturano gli
istinti e le inclinazioni sessuali, senza tralasciare la sfera dei sentimenti astratti (desiderio, infatuazione, sogno,
nostalgia) o trascendenti (venerazione, devozione, consacrazione, culto, preghiera) che possono costituire parte
integrante e, a volte, esclusiva dell’esperienza amorosa. Sul piano specificamente sessuale, l’incontro non si è posto
l’obiettivo di approfondire i molteplici e senza dubbio interessanti temi correlati alla meccanica o all’estetica del sesso,
quanto piuttosto le dinamiche culturali, ideologiche, rituali, relazionali e antropo-poietiche che possono
contraddistinguere, influenzare e indirizzare le forme e i modi in cui l’amore può essere – passivamente o attivamente
– esperito o negato.
I principali tagli tematici indagati nei quasi 60 contributi che compongono il volume e nelle relative discussioni sono
stati i seguenti:
L’idea e la percezione dell’amore
I gesti, i segni e le espressioni dell’amore
L’amore e le sue relazioni [“pericolose”]
I generi dell’amore
I tempi e i riti dell’amore
Gli spazi e i luoghi dell’amore
Valentino Nizzo: Archeologo senza frontiere (Todi 1975). Da maggio 2017, in seguito a una selezione internazionale,
dirige il Museo Nazionale Etrusco di Villa Giulia di Roma. Ha conseguito nel 2007 il PhD in Etruscologia presso la
“Sapienza” Università di Roma e, nel 2013, un post-dottorato presso l’Istituto Italiano di Scienze Umane di Firenze
pubblicandone i risultati nel volume Archeologia e Antropologia della Morte: Storia di un’idea (Bari 2015). Dal 2014
è abilitato come professore associato di archeologia e nel 2018, come esperto di alta qualificazione, ha insegnato
Museologia presso l’Università di Udine. È ideatore e direttore scientifico della Collana Antropologia e Archeologia a
Confronto. Ha all’attivo quattro monografie e la curatela di 9 volumi, per un totale di oltre 150 pubblicazioni
scientifiche e di alta divulgazione. I suoi interessi si incentrano sulle problematiche storiche, artistiche e della cultura
materiale delle civiltà etrusco-italiche, sulla prima colonizzazione greca, sul confronto tra archeologia e antropologia,
oltre che, in generale, sui più vasti temi dell’ideologia funeraria, della storia dell’archeologia e sui meccanismi e i valori
sociologici della comunicazione museologica e archeologica.
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Archeologia e antropologia dell’amore: Atti dell’Incontro Internazionale di Studi di Antropologia e Archeologia

VAlentino nizzo, “Amor che ne la mente mi ragiona”..........................................p. 15

giAncArlo germAnà bozzA, Alcune osservazioni sulla ierodulia nei santuari

dIscussIone del documentarIo Kitawa: i raggi piumati del sole

conclusIonI del convegno

roberto micheli, mASSimo VidAle

mASSimiliAno AleSSAndro polichetti

criStiAn Aiello, AntonellA giArdinA

mAriA bonghi JoVino

giAncArlo m.g. Scoditti

lucA bondioli, AleSSiA nAVA, AleSSAndrA Sperduti

SilViA luSuArdi SienA, elenA dellù, federicA mAtteoni

mAriA gioVAnnA belcAStro, VAlentinA mAriotti

AnnA mAriA d’onofrio, luigi gAllo, AndreA piccioli, AleSSAndrA Sperduti

criStinA bASSi, VAleriA Amoretti

a multitude of significations, imaginary, desires, fantasies or even phantoms, which, by force of

gioVAnnA ritA bellini, gioVAnni murro, wAlter pAntAno

mAriA cAterinA Schettini

lucA bASile, criStinA pugliA

fAbiAnA SuSini, eleonorA romAnò

giAncArlo germAnà bozzA

rocco bochicchio, pAmelA mAnzo

luigi gAmbAro, SArA chierici, VAleriA Amoretti, dAniele ArobbA

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